111dian J. Plant Physiol., Vol. 5, No. 2, (N S.) pp. 189-192 (April-June, 2000)

SHORT COMMUNICATION

IN UTRO PROPAGATION OF ROSE CULTIVARS

DEBASIS CHAKRABARTY, A.K. AZAD MANDAL AND S.K. DATT A*

Floriculture Section, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow - 226 001

Received on 24 May., 1999, Revlsed on 10 Feb., 2000.

Nodal explants (1.5-3 cm) were grown on MS medium containing various levels of IAA and BAP. Multiple shoots were produced on medium containing 2.0 mg/l BAP and 0.2 mgll IAA. After 4 weeks of culture the condition of shoots of cv. Contempo deteriorated due to yellowing of leaflets. Addition of AgNO, in the medium resulted in reduction of leaf abscission as well as enhanced growth of the axillary shoots. The in vitro grown propagules were rooted in 114 MS media supplemented with 0.1 mg/l IAA + 0.1 mgll IBA. Rooting was evident in 8 cultivars where as two cultivars did not respond. The resultant plantlets were acclimatized and grown in potted soil where they developed normally.

Key words : In vitro propagation, nodal explants, rose

Micropropagation is often associated with mass product~on at a competitive price. Although, rose micropropagation has been reported (Hasegawa, 1979, Horn. 1988. Khosh-Khui, 1982) but still these are propagated by budding on root stock because of differential requirenient of nutrients, hormones etc. by different cultivars. More over yellowing of leaflets during in vitro culture is one of the most important problem in rose micropropagation (Horn, 199 1, Hasegawa, 1980). The present communication, reports the in vitro propagation of the rose cultivars through stimulation of axillary bud.

Ten rose cultivars viz. Contempo, Mrinalini, Queen Elizabeth, Windy City, Chandrama, Priya, Raktima, Doris Tysternlan. Sylvia, and Dr. B.P. Pal were selected for this study. Nodal esplants of 1.5-3 cmivere taken and surface ster~lized in a 5% liquid detergent for 15 minutes and then washed in running tap water. The explants were treated with 70% ethanol followed by washing with 0.1% HgCl, for 2 minutes. They were then thoroughly rinsed with sterile distilled water and inoculated on the surface of ster~le nutrient media in test tubes.

The medium of Murashige and Skoog (1962) was used as a basal medium (0.8% agar, 3% sucrose and pH 5 j+l) . The hornlone supplements were IAA and BAP in

different concentrations and combination for cv. Contempo and for other cdtivars MS + 0.2 mg/l IAA + 2 mg/I BAP + 1O.mgA A ~ ~ o , were uscd The effect of AgNO, supplements were also examined.For rooting !I4 MS + 0.1 mgll IAA + 0.1 mgA IBA were used. All cultures were inoculated under cool, white florescent light (36 pmol m-l s-', 16 h photoperiod) in a culture room maintained at 22"C*2OC. Regenerated plants with well established roots were transferred to pots containing a mixture of sand, soil and manure (1 : 1 : 1 vlv) and were kept in moist chamber with 80-90% relative humidity for 15 days before their transfer to glass house

The response of explants of cv. Conternpo to various concentration and combination of BAP and IAA during a culture period of 4 weeks are presented in Table I Number of explants responded for sproutmg varied in different combination and number of additional shoots developedper explant also varied. Ofvarious combinations of hormones used, 0.2 mg/I IAA along with 2 mg/l BAP produced the highest number of shoots with nearly 100% of the explants forming multiple shoots. At the end of culture period (4 weeks) the general condit~on of the shoots deteriorated due to yellowing of leaflet as reported earlier (Horn, 199 1. Hasegawa. 1980).

*Corresponding author

1 t d 1 ~ 1 n .I Plrlm Phydl~i.. Val 5;No 2. (N S ) pp. 189-192 (Apnl-June. 2000)

DEBASIS CHAKRABARTY et. rrl.

Table I. Effect of IAA and BAP on shoot formation from cultured nodal explants of rose cv. Contempo. (Culture per~od -30 days)

Treaments IAA BAP m&'l mg/'

Responded Multiple shoot No. of additional Avg. shoot erplant formation shoots per explant growth (O4 (mm.1

Interesting observation has been recorded on effects embqogenesis as well as organogenesis Ivere improved of ASNO, in rose micropropagatlon. i%enthe MS medium by addition of AgNO,. Differential response in shoot was supplelnented 1~1th 5, 10, and 50 m d l A ~ N O y it did multiplication (Table 111) 1vas evident with reference to not greatly affect the rate of multi~'icatlon but enhanced genotypes (Davies, 1 980, Horn, 199 1 ), Anlong the tested growth ofthe axillaq shoots (Fig. 1 a) as well as reduction

cultivars Queen Elizabeth formed maximm side shoots in of yellowing leaflets (Table 11). Beyer (1976) showed that exogenous application of AgNO, effectively blocked (4 .&O. 8) followed by Mrinalini, Chandrama, Priya,

the and reduced leaf abscission, Further Erik et Rakfima and Wind? City (31-3 9, wrhde others had

ol (1990) and Pumhauser et ol (1987) reported that propagation rate (2.5-2 ')

DEBASIS CHAKRABARTY et. crl.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Thanks are due to Director. NBRT for providing facilities The authors also wish to acknowledge the financial assistance from Department of Blotechnology, Govt of India, New Delhi for this investlgatlon.

Fig. 1 a Proliferation of shoot from an asillary bud. b Isolated shoot rooted in in vitro condition c. hi vrtro raised plant L mnonth after transplanting to potted soil

REFERENCES

Davies; D R. (1980) Rapid propagat~on of roses in vltro Scierltm Hort.. 1 3 . 385-389

Erik, A., Carron, M.P and Ferriere. N M (1900'1 Influeixe of atmospheric gases, particularly ctlz>lene, 011 somat~c embryogenesis of Heveu brusrlr~rzsrs. Plunt Cdl Tlss. Org. Cult.. 21 31-37

Hasegawa, P M (1979) In vrtro propagatloll of Rose. Horr. Scr., 11 610-612.

Hasegawa. P M (1980) Factors affecting shoot and root ~nitiation from cultured Rose shoot t ~ p s J. :lnrc~r. Soc F10r.l Sci.. 105 . 2 16-220

Horn, W., Scldegel, G and John: K (1988) M~cropropapat~on of Roses. Arm. Hort~c.. 226 623-626

Horn, W.A.H. (199 1). Micropropagat~on ofrose hl : Biokchnology 111 Agnculturc and Forestn, Bajal, Y P S. eds Vol 20 Springer Berhn Heidelberg. New York, Tokyo.o. pp 320-342.

Khosh-Khui, M. and S I ~ , K C ( 1 982). Micropropagation ofnew and old world rose species J. Hovtic Scr . 57 3 15-3 19

Pwnhauser, L , Medgyes!,, P , Czako, M D n , P S and Marton, L. (1 987) Stlnlulat~on of shoot regeneration in Trrticuni ueStrvunl andNicotrunuplrin~bagrir~folra Viv . Tissue Cultures using the ethylene inh~bitor Ag NO, Plrrrrt Cell Reports, 6 1-4

LV I7THO PROPAGATION OF ROSE

Table I1 Effect of AgNO, on growth of rose cv. Contempo in vitro

Treatment -

No. of Additional Avg. shoot -- pp

Yellow leaflets AgNO,(mg/l-') Shoots esplant ' gmoth (mm) ("4

S.E. 0 019 1 756 5 005

(Culture perlod - 30 davs) (MS + 0.2 mgA IAA + 2 mgll BAP + AgNO, supplements)

Table 111. Rates of propagation (culture period 30 days) and induction of rooting (culture period 2 1 days) in 9 rose cul tivars.

Cultivar Culturewith No.bf additional Avg. shoot growth Rooting No. of roots Root length

multiple shoots shoots esplant (mm) ("10) shoot (mm)

( w

Queen Elizabeth 100 0 4 450.8 17.7*2.1 20 0 3.5*1 2 15 m3.3

Dr I3 P Pal 100.0 2 7*0.4 23.4k3 6 58.3 2 8*0 8 I4 a 3 . 7

Con t emvo 57.1 3 2 i 0 5 20 1*1.8

Root formation in different cultivars has been studled presently Contempo and Mrinalini nere presented 111 Table 111. In all the cases the roots were successfully tansplanted in soil where they grew normally unbranched and w t h few root hairs similar to the results (Fig. 1 c). Further stud!. is bemg continued to enhance the reported by Davies (1980) (Fig. 1 b). Out of 10 cultivars transplantabllitg of micropropagated rose ylantlets.

I ~ l d ~ a r ~ J Pliuzt Plr).s~ol., Vol 5. No.2. (& S.) pp. 189-192 ( . 4 p r i l - J ~ ~ ~ ~ z . 2000) b191