improving service delivery in transport infrastructure by arvind pathak

IMPROVING SERVICE DELIVERY IN TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE:

THE CONCRETE ROAD OPTIONPRESENTED By

ARVIND PATHAK(Regional CEO, Dangote Cement Plc)

1.0 Introduction

2.0 Past Choice

3.0 Bituminous Pavement Problems

4.0 Outlook for Cement Scenario in Nigeria

5.0 Outlook for Petroleum crude in Nigeria

6.0 Outlook for Bitumen

7.0 Advantages of Concrete Roads

8.0 Economics of pavements

9.0 Prerequisites for durable concrete roads

10.0 Recent successful examples of Concrete roads in India

11.0 Sum UP.

Concrete Roads

1.0 Introduction

• Roads play v e r y i m p o r t a n t p a r t i n dddddddddddd’ .

• dddd dddddddd dddddddd ddddd dddddddd dddddd ddddddddddd 40 dddd dddddd dddddd.

• ddddd dddddddd ddddd dddd dddddd dd dddd dddd ddddddddddd ddd dddddddddd.

• d ddddddddd dd dddd %dddd dddddd ddd dddddddddd dddd ddddddd dddd dddd ddddddddddddd dddddddd dddddddddddd dd dddddddddddd .

• dddddddd ddddd ddd ddddddd dddd ddddd dd dddd ddd ddddd . .

• ddd ddddddddddd dddddddddddd dd ddd dd ddd ddddddddd dddddddddd dd dddddd .

MARINE DRIVE

MARINE DRIVE IN MUMBAI – INDIA

Constructed in 1939 is an OUTSTANDING example of SUCCESSFUL CEMENT CONCRETE ROAD . Even after 76 yrs. of operation its performance is satisfactory .

OUTSTANDING EXAMPLE

ITORI – IBESE ROAD – 24 KMS.

CONSTRUCTED by DANGOTE CONSTRUCTION GROUP

OUTSTANDING EXAMPLE

2.0 Past Choice

• Flexible pavement because of– Lack of funds– Amenability to stage construction– Correction to defective construction – possible– Shortage of Cement– Lack of mechanization in Concrete Production and

Paving

7/12

• Pot holes and damages as a result of water logging, rain etc.• Highly flexible and hence low load bearing capability.• High fuel consumptions for vehicles.• High Maintenance cost.• Threat to Sustainable development

3.0 Bituminous Pavements : Problems

• HEAVY LODING AND MULTIAXLE VEHICLES ON ROAD

• HIGH DESIGN LIFE (30-40 YEARS)

• FREQUENT MAINTENANCE AND OVERLAY REPEATEDLY INCREASE COST AND CAUSE INCONVINIENCE TO

USERS.

• EASY AVAILABILITY OF INDIGINOUSLY PRODUCED CEMENT

• UNCERTAINTY ABOUT BITUMEN AVAILABILITY IN FUTURE AND EVER INCREASING COST. PART

REQUIREMENT IS ALREADY IMPORTED.

• LIFE CYCLE COSTING IS TRUE INDICATION OF COST COMPARISION

• ECONOMIC LOSS DUE TO POOR CONDITION OF ROADS :

$1 Billion - $ 1.5 Billion every year, appx.

3.1 Present conditions call for reappraisal of pavement choice

Present Cement Capacity in Nigeria is around 41 million ton per

annum.

Expected demand of Cement is 20 million in 2015.

Capacity Under Construction – 8.5 million ton per annum.

ADEQUATE QUANTITY OF CEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL

QUALITY IS NOW AVAILABLE WITHIN THE COUNTRY.

4.0 CEMENT SCENARIO - NIGERIA

BITUMEN IS DERIVED FROM PETROLEUM CRUDE

WORLD SUPPLY OF CRUDE IS NOT INEXHAUSTIBLE.

MAY LAST FOR ANOTHER 25 YEARS OR SO, BUT PRICES WILL

CONTINUE TO INCREASE BEYOND EXPECTATION.

IT IS IN THE COUNTRY’S INTEREST TO CONSERVE PETROLEUM

PRODUCTS. AND TO ADOPT MORE ECO-FRIENDLY AND COST

EFFECTIVE TECHNOLOGIES

5.0 OUTLOOK FOR PETROLEUM CRUDE

• AVERAGE YEARLY BITUMEN REQUIREMENT

OVER 2010-30 - 5 Million. TONNES

• RISING FROM AROUND 3 Million. TONNES IN 2010 TO

7 Mil. TONNES IN 2030.

6.0 OUTLOOK FOR BITUMEN

Bitumen is going to be costlier in Future than Cement

Bitumen Price - per ton

Cement Price - Per bag


• Long Life – 40 yrs. Example : Marine drive Mumbai India and Autobahn Germany

• Practically maintenance free – Mumbai saves about $ 3,000,000 every year after concreting 450 Kms.

• Freedom from damages caused by rains, water logging, flooding etc.

Marine Drive Mumbai

Good reflectivity of LightConsumes 10% less in street lighting.


• Good riding quality • Can be designed for heavy loads• Concrete roads saves 14% of the fuel due to its inflexibility• No effect of spillage of Oil.


Deflection of rigid and flexible pavement under wheel loads

• Load Distribution

• Concrete Strength(RP)

• Combined Strength of Layers(FP)

Structural Difference Between Concrete And Asphalt Pavement

Gross truck weight ( Tons) % Fuel savings

5 5.8

10 9.8

15 12.3

20 14

25 15.3

• Good Speed , Less fuel consumption and less wear and tear of tyres


• Low initial consumption of stone aggregates 30% -40%

• No consumption of stone aggregates in Maintenance

• BITUMEN- A petroleum product expected to be scarce in future as crude

reserves dry up.

• CEMENT- An indigenous product available in plenty. Its production will continue

to increase for the next 100 years or so.



• For new heavy traffic roads initial construction cost of concrete road is 10% to 15% lower than Bitumen road.

• On life cycle cost basis concrete road is undoubtedly a much cheaper alternative.

• On 20 yrs. Life cycle cost concrete roads are 30 to 35 % cheaper than Bitumen roads.

8.0 ECONOMICS OF PAVEMENTS

Cost comparison for New Concrete Road for Highways (1 km x 2 lane of 3.5 m wide)

Economics of Pavements

1. Concrete Pavements 67.39MNGN

1.1 Cement treated Laterite material to a compacted thickness of 150 mm as base 7.40 MNGN

1.2 Rigid base layer in reinforced concrete grade 30 of 200 mm thickness 59.99 MNGN

2 Asphalt Pavement 84.83 MNGN

2.1 Crushed stone base 10.26 MNGN

2.2 Prime coat with bitumen emulsion on granular surface 1.76 MNGN

2.3 Bituminous macadam 150mm 40.67 MNGN

2.4 Tack coat with bitumen emulsion on Bituminous surface 2.07 MNGN

2.5 Binder course asphaltic concrete 60 mm 17.63 MNGN

2.6 Wearing course Aspaltic concrete 40 mm 12.43 MNGN

9.0 Pre-requisites for Durable Concrete Roads

• Proper design (with proper site & traffic data) as per IRC provisions

• Adequate planning of utilities

• Mechanized Construction– Use of only RMC / batching plants (No site mixing of concrete to be

allowed)– Use of mechanized pavers for uniform strength

• Strict Quality control at site– Proper pre-overlay works– Proper post-concreting works– Tests on concrete & pavement

10.0 SOME RECENT SUCCESSFUL EXAMPLES OF CONCRETE ROADS IN INDIA

• MUMBAI-PUNE EXPRESSWAY (100 KM) .• WHITE-TOPPING IN MUMBAI CITY, BENGALURU, JAIPUR • WHITE-TOPPING IN BRT CORRIDOR-DELHI• INDORE BYPASS• 2000 KM OF 4-LANING NATIONAL HIGHWAYS • CITY ROADS IN NASIK, PUNE, NAGPUR, MANGALORE, ETC.• YAMUNA EXPRESSWAY BETWEEN DELHI AND AGRA

11.0 TO SUM UP

CONCRETE ROADS WILL ALTER PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF ROADS.

• NO POTHOLES, NO PATCHES, NO BUMPY RIDE • NO PERIODIC MAINTENANCE• LONGER LIFE OF ROAD • NO DAMAGES DUE TO RAINS/ WATER LOGGING • LESS ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION FOR STREET LIGHTING• LESS EXPLOITATION OF QUARRIES • ASSURED SUPPLY OF CEMENT AS AGAINST LOOMING UNCERTAINTY OF BITUMEN IN YEARS

TO COME • 14% SAVINGS IN FUEL OF COMMERCIAL VEHICLES• LOWER VEHICLE POLLUTION • COMPARABLE INITIAL CONSTRUCTION COST AND GREAT SAVINGS IN LIFE-CYCLE COST

THANK YOU

improving service delivery in transport infrastructure by arvind pathak

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