Imperialism and Colonialism

The Children of Nationalism

European Nationalism 1800-1914Nationalism- policy of unifying a group of people on the basis of common land and common language

Imperialism- policy of taking other countries (equal countries and underdeveloped countries)

Colonialism- policy of using countries which are taken (mostly underdeveloped countries)

Imperialism needed Nationalism

Imperialistic nations needed justification and motivation to attack and conquer other countries.

Strong charismatic leaders

Belief in national, cultural, and ethnic superiority

Competition for territory and natural resources

Competition for control of trade routes

Major Motives for Imperial-Colonial Activities

Economic Interests Political and Military Humanitarian and

Religious Applying Social

Darwinism

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Europe

Prussians

Prussians

Prussians

Austria and Hungary

-weaken the Austrian Empire

-annex parts of Denmark and take over smaller German States

-establish the German Empire

-form an uneasy alliance

The Ottoman Empire and the Balkans

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire was

declining. It had weak control over its

large territories. Local government officials

took control over their regions

Europeans viewed this as an opportunity to take Ottoman Land.

Serbia and Greece won autonomy in the 1830's

Russia pushed southward to the Black Sea

Austria-Hungary took Bosnia and Herzegovina

German played both sides

The Old Colonial Empires

From the Age of Discovery some nations had already established colonial empires

These included Great Britain, France, Spain, Portugal and the Netherlands

The British Empire

http://www.the-map-as-history.com/demos/tome05/index.php

The British Empire

Carving Up Africa

The slave trade: Collusion between local tribes and White Slavers

European nations begin to outlaw slavery in the early 1800'sf

Colonists move inland from the coast. (missionaries and explorers: Livingston and Stanley)

Belgium plays a double game (profits and Christianity)

The Middle East Had a largely Islamic

population Had been mostly under the

rule of the Ottoman Empire Was the key to travel to

the Far East France, England and

Russia competed for control

France built the canal, England paid for it

Russia and Britain competed for control of Persia (Iran)