igcse revision paris peace conference

8/12/2019 IGCSE Revision Paris Peace Conference

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IGCSE revision

Paris Peace Conference

Most fighting of WWI was done in Europe. Mainly in France and Belgium.

Allies: Central (Axis) Powers

- Britain - Germany- France - Austro ungarian Empire- !ussia - "ttoman #$ur%ish& Empire- Italy #'(')& - Bulgaria- *+A #'(',& - +er ia- apan

/ !ussia did not stay till end ecause of e0haustion.

Britain lost many ci1ilians from its na1y.Most fighting was done in France so France had more houses2 factories2 schools and churchesdestroyed.

WWI left e1eryone financially e0hausted. 3ountries #Austria- ungary& #$ur%ey& had een splitup and new countries were forming. 4ew go1ernments for !ussia and Germany.

56 different countries met in 7aris on anuary '('( to decide what to do with defeated Allies.$hree men too% charge2 called 8$he Big $hree9 :a1id ;loyd George2 7rime Minister of Britain.Georges 3lemenceau 7rime Minister of France. Woodrow Wilson 7resident of the *+A.Germany was not in1ited. !ussia was not to recei1e anything ecause she retired from war.

Many disagreements. 7u lic "pinion was against Germany in Britain and France.

What each of the three wanted: all had self interest at handWhat they got is highlightedLloyd George ig on pu lic opinion

- peace without need for re1enge.- 7re1ent a future war.- war wasn9t Germany9s fault- Germany should e punished2 ut only so that she could reco1er fast to participate in

politics and e ma self determination2

o freedom of the seaso general disarmament.

Clemenceau ig on pu lic opinion- a 1ery harsh treaty- !e1enge- compensation- guarantee that they would ne1er e in1aded again ecause of their geographical

position #on order with Germany&- control of the !hineland-

Germany to e ro%en up into a collection of small states.- +aar coalfields.


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Woodrow Wilson - fair treaty.- Germany shouldn9t ha1e to pay for all damage.- War was not Germany9s fault- remo1e anything any causes of future war.

o ma%ing the world fit for democracyo national- self determination #e1ery nation rule itself&o produce a fair peace so that no one would later see% re1engeo ma%e a ;eague of 4ationso encourage free trade no economic restrictionso free na1igation of waterwayso +er ia and 7oland to ha1e access to sea and disarmament.

Germany ignored the '? points and imposed the $reaty of Brest ;ito1s% on !ussia. Wilson9sattitude grew harsh.

Treaty of Brest Lito s! !ussia lost>

- *%raine and Finland #amongst other countries&- @6 million people- 6, of farmland- 6@ of railways- ,? of iron and coal.

Treaty of "ersailles:i%tat #imposed settlement&. Germany had to agree2 or face an Allied in1asion.

Germany had to>- accept war guilt2 pay damages caused #'(6' sum was @@ million pounds&- army reduced to ' 2 men- conscription for idden #officers had to e 1olunteers&- Get rid of armoured 1ehicles and su marines and aircraft- :estroy all fortifications.- 4a1y limited to @ attleships- :emilitariCe the !hineland.- !eturn Alsace-;orraine to France- Gi1e up +aar to France for ') years.- 4e1er


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German reactions >- shoc% and humiliation

o imposed treatyo were e0pecting Woodrow Wilson9s '? pointso accept war guilt didn9t thin% it was trueo not in1ited to 7aris 7eace 3onferenceo reduction of armyo paying reparations- reluctant acceptance to the treatieso +capa Flow sin%ing ships so Allies wouldn9t ha1e them

'(65 French occupation of the !uhrthis happened ecause Germany had failed to pay reparations. Wor%ers went on stri%e and' men were %illed.

#ther Peace Treaties'('( $reaty of +t. Germain #Austria&

- separated Austria from ungary for ade them to

igcse revision paris peace conference

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