iconographia mycologicaverona — benedek ()

ICONOGRAPHIA MYCOLOGICA VERONA - BENEDEK( )

LIST OF PLATES TO S U P P L E M E N T XLIII 1)

A. Fungi imperfecti

1065 Gen. Sphaerulornyces MARVANOVA

1066 Gen. Myceliophthora COST.

1067 Gen. Rhinotrichella ARN. EX. DE HOOG

1068 Gen. Leptodontium DE HOOG

1069 Gen. Rosulomyces MARCHAND & CABRAL

1070 Gen. Triehosporonoides HASKINS &

SPENCER

1071 Gen. Dendrosporomyces NAWAWI et al.

t072 Gen. Pseudocercospora SPEG.

1073 Gen. Ramichloridium STAHEL EX

DE HOOG

1074 Gen. Rhinocladiella NANNF.

1075 Gen. Eversia CRANE & SCHOKN.

1076 Gen. Sarcinomyces LINDNER

1077 Gen. Horrnonema LAGERB. & MELIN

Sapr~ Phyto- Zoo- phyte pathogen pathogen

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Indus- trial

~) The sign (+) means exclusively or prevalent; the sign ( - ) means limited only to some species.

A. Fungi imperfecti (cont.) Sapro- phyte

1078 Gen. Phaeococcus DE H o o 6 +

1079 Gen. Zasmidium FR. era. DE HOOG +

1080 Gen. EchinocatenaCAMPBELL& SUTTON +

1081 Gen. Aureobasidium VIALA & BOYER ÷

1082 Gen. Exophiala CARM~CHAEI~ +

1083 Gen. Nakataea HARA

1084 Gen. Verrucispora SHAW & ALCORN +

1085 Gen. Hyalosynnema MATSUSHIMA +

1086 Gen. Tandonella PRASAD & VERMA

1087 Gen. Bitunicostilbe MORELET +

1088 Gen. Lappodochium MATSUSHIMA +

1089 Gen. Bilgramia PANWAR et al. +

1090 Gen. Thozetella KVNTZE +

1091 Gen. VeronaelIa SUBRAM. & REDDV +

1092 Gen. Syndiplodia PE'CRONEL

1093 Gen. Dothistroma HULBAR¥

1094 Gen. Parahyalotiopsis NAa RnJ +

1095 Gen. X~'lomyces Goos et al. +

Phyto- Zoo- pathogen pathogen

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Indus- trial

C. Ascomycetes Sapro- phyte

817 Gen. Zollneria VELENOVSKY +

818 Gen. Laetinaevia NANNFELDT +

819 Gen. Dasyscyphus S. F. GRAY +

820 Gen. Psilachnum v. H6HNEL +

821 Gen. Ascodichaena BUTIN

822 Gen. Propoliopsis REHM +

823 Gen. Propolidium SACC. +

824 Gen. Delpontia PENZ. & SACC. +

825 Gen. Odontotrema NYL. +

826 Gen. Biostictis PETR.

827 Gen. Lillicoa SHERWOOD

828 Gen. Calyptra Tm~Iss & SYDOW +

829 Gen. Kusanobotrys P. HENNINGS

830 Gen. Scotiospaeria SrVANESAN

831 Gen. Acanthostigmella v. He)fiNaL +

832 Gen. Rhytidospora JENG & CAIN +

833 Gen. Aniptodera SHEARER & MILLER +

834 Gen. Arniella JENG & KRUG +

835 Gen. Griphosphaeria (FucK) v. H~HNEL +

Phyto- Zoo- pathogen pathogen

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Indus- trial

FUNGI I M P E R F E C T I MONILIALES

MONILIACEAE

P H Y T O P A T H O G E N (mycoparasi te)

Gen. Sphaerulomyces MARVANOVA

I C O N O G R A P H I A M Y C O L O G I C A

V E R O N A - - B E N E D E K

Plate A 1065

Tallum mono-multicellular, hyaline, ramose, moniliform. Vegetative cells round or lobate; fertile cells apiculate. Conidia decidue, firm, produced to the apex of conidiogenous cells.

Note: Aquatic fungus; the genus was created for one species which parasitizes Anguillospora and Tricladium. It is a so-called "Contact parasite" (BARNETT).

In the plate: S. coralloides MARVANOVA Talli in various stages of development on conidia of Tricladium splendens (b, c, d) and conidia of Anguillospora crassa(a, e, f, g). Comparison of S. coralloides and the microconidial state of A. crassa with partly swollen phialides: h, i, thalli of S. coralloides; l, A. crassa microconidial state.

Ref. :

MARVANOVA, L. (1977). A conctact biotrophic mycoparasite on aquatic Hypho- mycete conidia. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 68: 485488. BARNETT, H. L. (1964). Mycoparassitism. Mycologia 56: 1-19.

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PLATE A 1065

F U N G I I M P E R F E C T I

M O N I L I A L E S

M O N I L I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

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M Y C O P A T H O G E N

Gen. Mycel iophthora CosT.


VERONA - - BENEDEK

Plate A 1066

Colonies powdery and felty with a defined margin, or cottony and floccose without a defined margin; on malte agar initially white, later pale yellow, pale brown, cream or even occasionally darkgreen; reverse pale yellow, bright yellow, honey brown, brown, cream or occasionally green. More or less thermophilic, with optimum between 36 and 45 °C. Some species are cellulolytic, some keratinolytic. Hyphae septate, hyaline, branched, the submerged occasionally broader than the aerial hyphae, thin-walled. Blastoconidia borne directly on the sides of the hyphae, or long or short pedicels or in groups of 1-4 on ampulliform swelling; globose, pyriform, clavate or obovoid with narrow basal attachments, smooth- or rough-walled at maturity.

Note: This genus has been established in 1894 by COSTANTIN MATRUCHOT. Then it was considered by CARMICHAEL synonym of Chrysospor ium CDA (I.M.: XII, A-282). Recently it was reconfirmed by YON ARX and by OORSCHOT.

In the plate: 1 - M . lutea COST. 2 - M . thermophila (APINIS) OORSCHOT 3 - M . fergus i i (KLOPOTEK) OORSCHOT

(from OORSCHOT)

Ref. :

VON ARX, J. A. (1973) - Further observation on Sporotrichum and some similar fungi. Persoonia, 7: 127-130. VAN OORSCUOT, C. A. N. (1977) - The genus Myceliophthora. Persoonia, 9: 401 408.

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FUNGI IMPERFECTI MONILIALES

MONILIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. R h i n o t r i c h e l l a ARN. e x DE HOOC


VERONA - - BENEDEK

Plate A 1067

Colonies growing moderately rapidly, appearing flocculose, whitish. Hyphae smooth, thin-walled, hyaline, rather wide. Conidiophores erect, fragile, rather thin-walled, hyaline, composed of straight, multicellular stalks and flexuose conidiiferous rhachides with scattered conidium- bearing denticles. Conidia hyaline, smooth or verrucose, globose. Perfect state unknown.

Note: This genus is similar to Basifimbria SUBRAM. • LODHA and also shows a superficial resemblance to Haplotrichum LINK. (see Ref.)

In the plate: Rh. 9lobulifera ARN. ex DE HOOG (imited from DE HOOG)

Ref. :

DE HOOG, G. S. (1977) - Rhinocladiella and allied genera. In: The black yeasts and allied Hyphomycetes. C.B.S., Baarn. Studies in Mycology no. 15.

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PLATE A 1067

FUNGI IMPERFECTI

MONILIALES MONILIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. L e p t o d o n t i u m DE HOOG


V E R O N A - - BENEDEK

Plate A 1068

Colonies growing moderately slowly, appearing smooth to funicolose, grey to black. Submerged hyphae at first hyaline, rather thin-walled, later often becoming brown, forming a compact mycelium. Aerial hyphae fasciculate - Conidiogenous cells hyaline, thin-walled, frequently in groups or dense clusters, later often becoming dark brown, thick- walled, with thin septa, apically producing conidia in a more or less sympodial order; scars hardly discernible. Conidia smooth, thin-walled, hyaline, occasionally brown, sometimes forming secondary conidia. Chlamydospores common. Perfect state unknown.

Note: The genus differs from Rhinocladiella NANNF. by cultural characteristics and by the occurrence of hyaline fertile cells in cultures. For other notices see Ref.

In the plate: 1. L. elatius (MANGENOT) DE HOOG, var. elatius

A. in living strains B. in dried cultures

2. L. camptobaetrum DE HOOG conidial apparatus, conidia and chlamydospores

3. L. boreale DE HOOG

Ref. :


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DEMATIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. Rosulomyces M A R C H A N D t~ CABRAL



Colonies growing moderately rapidly, appearing floccose near the margin, smooth at the centre; white, soon becoming blackish from the centre outwards. Submerged hyphae hyaline, intermingled with pale brown hyphae, smooth or nearly smooth. Conidial apparatus undifferentiated. The hyphae soon fall apart into arthroconidia. In addition, blastic conidia are formed in inconspicuously sympodial order on undifferentiated hyphae or an arthroconidia. Conidia of both types hyaline or nearly hyaline, cilindrical. Perfect state unknown.

Note: Genus similar to Trichosporon BEHREND but easily distinguished by the occurrence of dark, verrucse hyphae. For the differences with the similar genus Moniliella STOLK see Ref.

In the plate: R. arthrosporoides MARCHAL (~ CABRAL (imited from DE HOOG) arthric conidia, pigmented hyphae and (a) sympodial conidia

Ref. :


PLATE A 1069


DEMATIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. Trichosporonoides HASKINS t~ SPENCER



Plate A 1070

Colonies growing moderately slowly, appearing smooth, dry or slimy, white, often soon becoming olivaceous brown. Submerged hyphae hyaline, soon falling apart into cylindrical arthroconidia; short, often branched series of etlipsoidal blastic conidia are formed at both extremities of hyphal cells or arthroconidia. In addition, globose heads are formed on nearly aseptate hyphae, on which golden brown, thick- walled, sublobose conidia are synchronously produced. Perfect state unknown.

Note: The type species (Tr. oedocephatis HASKINS & SPENCER) was isolated from contents of brood cell in comb of doniestic honeybee. The genus in the yeast - like state is morphologically similar to the form - genus Trichosporon BEHREND,

In the plate: 7)'. oedocephalis HASKINS & SPENCER (imited from DE Hoo~) A, arthric and blastic conidia B, ampulla with synchronous conidia

Ref. :

DB HOOG, G. S. (1977) Rhinocladiella and allied genera. In: The black yeasts and allied Hyphomycetes. C.B.S., Baarn. Studies in Mycology no. 15.

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M O N I L I A L E S

M O N I L I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. D e n d r o s p o r o m y c e s NAWAWI et al.


VERONA - - B E N E D E K

Plate A 1071

Mycelium consists of hyaline, branched, binucleate hyphae with dolipore septa. Conidiophores semi-macronematous0 erect, unbranched, hyaline, producing conidia terminally. Conidia holoblastic, branched, hyaline, consisting of a main axis bearing laterals and secondary branches, in succession.

Note: The genus represents the conidial stage of a basidiomycete having dolipore septa. The genus resembles Dendrospora INGOLD; but Dendrospora has uni- nucleate cells without dolipore septa.

Isolated from foam in the Gombak River, Selangor.

In the plate: D. prolifer NAWAWI et al.

Ref. :

•AWAWI, A., WEBSTER, J., DAVEY, R. A. (1977) - Dendrosporomyces prolifer gen. et sp. nov., a basidiomycete with branched conidia. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 68 : 59-63.

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PLATE A 1071


DEMATIACEAE

PHYTOPATHOGEN

Gen. Pseudocercospora SPEGAZZINI



PLATE A 1072

Mycelium internal or both internal and external. Stroma present or absent. Conidiophores well developed, short or long, simple or branched, continuous or septate, aggregated in fascicles emerging through the stomata and/or produced terminally and laterally on external micelial hyphae. Conidiogenous cells integrated, sympodial and polyblastic, denticulate, subgeniculate or more or less sinuous, leaving the old conidial scars situated at the end of longer or shorter denticles or on distinct or less conspicuous or scarcely visible shoulders; sometimes pseudo-percurrent on one and the same conidiophore that is also denticulate, proliferating through the apex and either displacing the old apical scar into a lateral position or, more usually, completely rupturing the old apical scar, to produce pseudo-annellations, smooth or sometimes slightly verrucose towards the apex. Conidial scars unthickened, i.e. of the same thickness as the wall of the conidiogenous cell. Conidia coloured, pale or deeper brown, usually obclavate-cylindric, sometimes subcylindric, slightly or more obviously tapered at the base towards the unthickened hilum, straight or curved, sometimes strongly curved, smooth or finely verrucose or rugulose, pluriseptate, usually not catenate.

Note: The genus has been recently revised by DEIGHTON. It is thought to the group of Cercospora-like species having unthickened conidial scars on the conidiogenous cells. In fact, DEIGHTON gives much distinctive value to the "thickened" and "unthickened" character of the scars. Owing to that, he therefore classifies Helicomina L. S. OLIVE, Ancylospora SAWADA and Cercocladospora AGARWAL & SINGH as synonymous of Pseudocercospora, although there are deep differences in the shape and size of the conidia.

Ref. :

DE1GHTON, F. C. (1976) - Studies on Cercospora and allied genera. VI: Pseudo- cercospora SPEG., Pantospora CIF., and Cercoseptoria PETRAK-Comm. Mycol. Institute. Mycological Papers no. 140.

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In the plate: 1. Ps. vitis (L~v.) SPEGAZZINI 2. Ps. ligustri DEIGHTON 3. Ps. colocasiae DEIGHTON 4. Ps. caperoniae (L. S. OLIVE) DEIGHTON 5. Ps. insueta (PETRAK) DEIGHTON (from F. C. DEIGHTON)


DEMATIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. R a m i c h l o r i d i u m STAHEL ex DE HOOG


VERONA - - BENEDEK

Plate A 1073

Colonies growing moderately rapidly, appearing smooth, farinose or lanose, brown or olivaceous green; often a yellow or orange pigment being exuded in the agar. Submerged hyphae smooth, thin-walled, hyaline. Aerial hyphae, if present, slightly darker. Conidial apparatus consisting of unbranched or rarely branched, markedly differentiated stalks that arise vertically from the creeping mycelium, with thin septa, occasionally aseptate, or consisting of branched, slightly differentiated apical parts of ascending hyphae. Conidiogenous cells terminally on conidiophores, or laterally on slightly differentiated, rarely undifferentiated hyphae, pale to dark brown, cylindrical, with an apical denticulate rhachis or with scattered conidium-bearing denticles; scars conspicuous, unpigmented or slightly pigmented. Conidia hyaline to subhyaline, one-celled, rarely 2-(4-)-celled, smooth or verruculose, subglobose to fusiform. Accompanying conidial states, chlamydospores and sclerotial bodies usually absent. Perfect state unknown.

Note: For a discussion of this genus, of Pleurophragmium COST. and some species of Veronaea Cw. & MONT., see Ref. To the genus belong species previously described as Chloridium, Pleurooraphium, Rhinocladiella, Acrotheca, Veronaea, Sporo- trichum, Botrytis. DE HOOG splits the genus into two sections, comprising species with markedly differentiated, erect conidiophores (sect. Ramichloridium) and species witla slightly differentiated, branched fertile hyphae (sect. Paltescens). On leaves, wood, bark, litter, soil. One species has been isolated as Acro- theca aquaspersa BORELLI f r o m chromomycosis of a human patient in Venezuela.

Ref. :

DE HOOG, G. S. (1977) - Rhinocladiella and allied genera. In: The black yeasts and allied Hyphomycetes, C,B.S., Baarn, Studies in Mycology no. 15.

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In the plate: 1. R. apiculatum (MILLER et al.) DE HOOG 2. R. obovoideum (MATSUSHIMA) DE HOOG 3. R. indicum (SuBghM.) DE HOOG

A) on the natural substrate B) in dried culture on PDA

3. R. anceps (SAcc. & ELHS) DE HOOG (imited from DE HOOG)


DEMATIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

ZOOPATHOGEN

Gen. R h i n o c l a d i e l l a NANNF.



Plate A 1074

Colonies growing moderately slowly, appearing velvety, lanose, funi- culose, sometimes almost smooth; grey, greenish or olivaceous brown. Budding cells and an accompanying Exophiala state may be present. Submerged hyphae hyaline or pale olivaceous, smooth; aerial hyphae, if present, more darkly pigmented. Conidial apparatus, usually branched pigmented, consisting of either little differentiated tips of ascending hyphae or septate, markedly differentiated stalks. Conidiogenous cells intercalary or free, cylindricalto acicular, with an apical denticulate rhachis or a cluster of conidium-bearing denticles; scars unpigmented. Conidia hyaline to subhyaline, one-celled, rather thin-walled, smooth, subglobose, single or in short chains. No chlamydospores were observed. Perfect state unknown.

Note: This genus was previously reported in I.M. (XXIV, A-607) and described on the basis of a work of SCHOL-SCHwARZ. Now it is proposed again on the basis of the more recent revision of DE HOOG. This A. transfers some species of Rhinocladiella to the gen. Exophiala CARMICHAEL. According to DE HOOG the following genera are synonyms of Rhinocladiella: Fonsecaea NEGRONI, Botrytoides MOORE & ALMEIDA, Hormodendroides MOORE & ALMEIDA, Carrionia BRICENO-IRAGORRY, Melanehlenus CALANDRON.

In the plate: 1. Rh. atrovirens NANNF. 2. Rh. pedrosoi (BRUMPT) SCHOL-SCHWARZ 3. Rh. compaeta CARRR~N ex DE HOOG (imited from DE HOOG)

Ref.:

DE HOOG, G. S. (1977) Rhinoeladiella and allied genera. In: The black yeasts and allied Hyphomycetes. C.B.S., Baarn. Studies in Mycology, no. 15.

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M O N I L I A L E S D E M A T I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. E v e r s i a C R A N E t~ S C H O K N E C H T


VERONA -- BENEDEK

Plate A 1075

Colonies effuse, brown. Mycelium composed of branched, septate, hyaline to subhyaline hyphae. Conidiophores semi-macronematous, mononematous, ascending, simple, septate, smooth, hyaline to subhyaline at the base becoming light brown at the apex. Conidiogenous cells holoblastic, integrated, terminal, subhyaline to light brown, cylindrical to oblong, proliferating percurrently, with 1-4 dark brown annellations. Conidia dry, acrogenous, cylindrical, branched, with 2-4 (usually 3) closely appressed arms, attached by one of the arms which functions

• as the main axis, secondary arms developed from the apex of the main axis, arms phragmoseptate, frequently constricted at the septa, dark brown.

Note: This genus is based upon a species originally described as 1-1elmin-

thosporium subopacum CKE. & ELL.

In the plate: E. subopaca (COOKE & ELLIS) CRANE • SCHOKNECHT (imited from the Aa.)

Ref. :

SCHOKNECHT, J. D., CRANE, J. L. (1977) - Revision of Torula and Hormiscium species. Torula occulta, T. diversa, T. elasticae, T. bigemina and Hormiscium -cindensatum reexamined. Mycologia, 69: 533-546.

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MONILIALES MONILIACEAE

ZOOPATHOGEN

Gen. Sarcinomyces LINDNER


VERONA -- BENEDEK

Plate A 1076

Colonies growing rather slowly, appearing smooth, covered with a slimy mass of conidia which later becomes dry and crustaceous, or with a floccose mycelial mat; dark greenish-grey. Hyphae hyaline or light brown, smooth, becoming dark and slightly rough with age. Conidiogenous cells undifferentiated, predominantly intercalary, each with a short, broadly cylindrical butt which produces conidia percurrently or sometimes simpodially. Conidia at first hyaline, later becoming brown, one- or two-celled, smooth, ellipsoidal. Secondary conidia often present. Older cultures have one- to many-celled, dark brown, loose chlamydosporeqike structures, which may germinate after rupturing of the wall.

Note: Sarcinomyces can be distinguished from Hormonema LAGER- ~RG & MF~LIN by the distinctly annellated, more or less rect- angular fertile zones, occasionally becoming sympodial, and by the hyphae which easily disintegrate. Exophiala CARMICRA~I. is also similar but differs e.g. by absence of disintegrating hyphae and chlamydospore - like structures -

In the plate: S. crustaceus LINDNER (imited from HERMANIDES-NIJHOF)

Ref. :

HERMANIDES-.NIJ1HOF, 1~. J. (1977) - Aureobasidium and allied genera. In: The black yeasts and allied Hyphomycetes. C.B.S., Baarn, Studies in Mycology no. 15.

PLATE A 1076



S A P R O P H Y T E

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P H Y T O P A T O G E N

Gen. H o r m o n e m a LAGERBERG & MELIN



Plate A 1077

Colonies growing moderately rapidly or rapidly, appearing smooth, soon with a floccose mycelial mat or covered with a slimy mass of conidia; light grey, brown, dark green or black. Hyphae hyaline, with cells commonly more wide than long, later locally becoming inflated, dark brown and thick-walled, often with longitudinal septa. Conidio- genous cells undifferentiated, mostly intercalary on hyaline or pigmented hyphae, producing conidia basipetally from one, occasionally from two, prominent loci. Conidia hyaline or pale brown, smooth, ellipsoidal, rather variable in size. Older conidia often swell, become brown and frequently two-celled. Endoconidia may be present in hyphal cells.

Note: for a discussion on the genus see Ref.

In the plate: H. dematioides LAGERBERG & MELIN (from HERMANIDES-NIJHOF)

Ref. :

HERMANIDES-NIJHOF (1977)- Aureobasidium and allied genera. In: The black yeasts and allied Hyphomycetes. C.B,S., Baarn. Studies in Mycology no. 15.



S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. P h a e o c o c c u s DE HOOG



Plate A 1078

Colonies restricted, glistening, black, with sharp margin. Budding cells thick-walled, dark olivaceous brown, globose to broa_dly ellipsoidal, giving rise to similarly shaped secondary conidia from 1-3 (-5) loci. Hyphae absent; sometimes chains of globose cells are formed.

Note: for a discussion on the genus see Ref.

In the plate: 1. Ph. nigricans (RICH & STERN) DE HOOG 2. Ph. catenatus DE HOOG & HERMANIDES-NIJHOF 3. Ph. exophialae DE HOOG (imited from DE HOOG)

Ref. :


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FUNGI IMPERFECTI

MONILIALES

DEMATIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. Z a s m i d i u m Fr. emend. DE HOOG



Plate A 1079

Colonies growing moderately slowly, appearing lanose to hairy, olivaceous green. Submerged hyphae smooth, thin-walled, hyaline. Aerial hyphae finely warted, rather thick-walled, of equal width throughout, scarcely branched, with remote, thin septa. Conidiogenous cells undifferentiated, apically bearing a denticulate rhachis with pigmented scars. Ramoconidia and conidia pale olivaceous, warted. No chlamydospores were observed; sclerotial bodies may be present. Perfect state unknown.

Note: For further notices see Ref.

In the plate: Z. cellare (PERS. ex GRAY) FR. (from DE HOOt)

Ref.:

DE HOOG, G. S. (1977) - Rhinocladietla and allied genera. In: The black yeasts and allied Hyphomycetes. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (Baarn). Studies in Mycology no. 15.

PLATE A 1079


DEMATIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen . E c h i n o c a t e n a C A M P B E L L t~ S U T T O N



Plate A 1080

Colonies discrete, applanate, dark brown to black. Mycelium partly immersed, partly superficial, composed of branched, septate, pale brown, smooth hyphae. Conidiophores formed from the superficial mycelium, micronematous, mononematous, unbranched, straight, pale brown, sparsely echinulate or smooth. Conidiogenous cells arising in simple or branched acropetal chains from the apex of the conidiophore, separated by prominent dark brown, thick septa, pale brown, echinulate, cylindrical t9 doliiform, polyblastic, integrated, indeterminate, distal part fertile with up to 7 conidiogenous loci. Conidia solitary, dry, spherical, brown, thick-walled, aseptate, echinulate.

Note: The genus is near to Sadisivania SUBRAMANIAN. To confront with other genera (Parapericonia M. B. ELLIS, Trichobotrys PENZ. & SACC., Arthrinium KUNZE ex. FR.) see Ref.

In the plate: E. arthrinioides CAMPBELL • SUTTON (imited from the Aa.)

Ref. :

CAMPBELL, R., SUTTON, B. C. (1977) - Conidial ontogeny in Echinocatena arthrinioides Gen. et Sp. nov. (Deuterornycotina: Hyphomycetes). Trans. Brit. mycol. Soc., 89: 125-131.

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PLATE A 1080


DEMATIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE or PHYTOPATOGEN

G e n . A u r e o b a s i d i u m V I A L A t~ BOYER



Plate A 1081

Colonies soreading, smooth, often covered with slimy masses ofconidia, usually with sparse aerial mycelium; light brown, yellow, pink or black. Hyphae with calls commonly wider than long, hyaline, frequently soon becoming brown and thick-walled. Conidiogenous cells on hyaline hyphae lateral, terminal or intercalary. Conidia blastic, produced simultaneously in dense groups, hyaline, smooth, one-celled, rather variable in shape and size. Secondary conidia common; endoconidia often present. Occasionally dark, one or two-celled arthroconidia are formed.

Note: HERMANIDES-NIJHOF considers synonyms the following genera: Aureobasis CLEMENTS ~¢ SHEAR, Kabatiella BUBAK, Protocorono-

spora ATK. & EDGERTON, Pachybasidiella BUBAK & SYD., Poly-

spora LAFFERTY, Pullularia BERKHOUT, Dematoidium STAUTZ. The genus includes saprophytic and parasitic species before described as Gloeosporium DESM. & MONT. or Kabatiella BUBAK~

In the plate: 1. A - A. pullulans (DE BARY) ARN. var. pullulans

B - A. pullulans (DE BARY) ARN. var. melanigenum

2. - A. zeae (NARITA & HmATSUKA) DXNGLZY 3. -- A. umbellulariae (HARVEY) HERMANIDES-NIJHOF) (imited from HERMANIDES-NUHOF)

Ref. :

HERMAMDEs-NuHoF, E. J, (1977) -Aureobasidium and allied genera. In: The black yeasts and allied Hyphomycetes. C.B.S., Baarn. Studies in Mycology no. 15.

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DEMATIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE ZOOPATHOGEN

Gen. Exophiala CARMICHAEL



Plate A 1082

Colonies growing slowly or moderately slowly, appearing smooth or velvety, often initially mucous at the centre, black, olivaceous-green or dark brown. Submerged hyphae pale olivaceous, smooth, torulose at the centre; aerial hyphae, if present, more darkly pigmented. Conidio- genous cells loose, intercalary or free, undifferentiated or forming part of a more or less circumscribed, swollen or pigmented side branch, subglobose to elongate, with 1-3 (-5) small pegs, butts or scars which produce conidia repeatedly. Conidia hyaline to pale olivaceous, one- or sometimes two-celled, rarely up to 4-celled, rather thin-walled, smooth, subglobose, cylindrical or allantoid. Sometimes an accompanying Rhinocladiella, Phaeococcus or Phialophora-like state is present. No chlamydospores were observed, but in some species sclerotial bodies are common. Perfect state: Dictyotrichiella MUNK.

Note: This genus was previously reported in I.M. (XL, A-982). Here it is proposed again on the basis of the more recent revision of DE HOOH.

For a discussion on the genus see Ref. According to DE Hoo6 the genus has the following synonyms: Foxia CAST. and Wanoiella McGINNIS.

In the plate: 1. E. salrnonis CARMICHAEL 2. E. mansonii (CASTELL.) DE Hoo6 3. E. dermatidis (KANo) DE HOOG

(A, budding cells; B, conidial apparatus with multiple scars; C, conidia from B: D, conidial apparatus with phialides; E, conidia from D.)

(imited from D~ Hoo6)

Ref.:

DE HOOa, G. S. (1977) - Rhinocladiella and allied genera. In: The black yeasts and allied Hyphomycetes. C.B.S., Baarn. Studies in Mycology no. 15.

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DEMATIACEAE

PHYTOPATHOGEN

Gen. N a k a t a e a HARA



Plate A 1083

Colonies effuse, black. Mycelium brown, immersed and superficial, and spherical or subspherical black sclerotia. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, unbranched (rarely branched), brown, smooth . Conidiogenous cells polyblastic, integrated, sympodial, sometimes geniculate, denticulate. Conidia solitary, acropleurogenous, usually falcate, smooth, almost always 3-septate which cells ubequally coloured.

Note: One species is the conidial stage of Lepstosphaeria salvinii CATTANEO.

Vakrabeeja SUBR. is considered synonym of Nakatoea.

In the plate: N. siomoidea HARA

Ref.:

ELLIS, M. B. (1971) - Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Comm. Mycol. Institute, Kew.

FUNGI IMPERFECTI MONIL1ALES

DEMATIACEAE

PHYTOPATHOGEN o r

SAPROPHYTE

Gen . Verrucispora S H A W 8~; A L C O R N



Plate A 1084

Colonies brown to black. Mycelium mostly immersed. Stroma pseudoparenchymatous, brown. Conidiophores macronematous, mononematous, caespitose, emerging through stomata, straight or flexuous, coloured, smooth. Conidiogenous cells polyblastic, integrated, terminal becoming intercalary, sympodial, cicatrized; scars conspicuous. Conidia solitary, dry, acropleurogenous, cylindrical, rounded at the apex, truncate at the base, multiseptate, olivaceous or reddish brown, verrucose.

Note" One species - V. proteacearum SHAW & ALCORN - on leaves of Finschia and Hakea.

In the plate: V. proteacearum SHAW & ALCORN

Ref. :

ELLIS, M. B. (1971) - Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Comm. Mycol. Institute, Kiew.

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STILBACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. Hyalosynnema MATSUSHIMA



Plate A 1085

Synnemata erect, cylindric, hyaline with expanse apex; synnematic hyphae hyaline, parallel, producing single conidia to the apex and also laterally by sympodial proliferation; presence of scars. Conidia oblong, rounded to the apex and with a truncate base, septate, hyaline.

Note: One species isolated from forest soil in Japan is known.

In the plate: H. multiseptatum MATSUSHIMA (imited from the A.)

Ref. :

MATSUSmMA, T. (1975) - Icones microfungorum a MATSUSmMA lectorum. Kobe.

PLATE A 1085


STILBACEAE

PHYTOPATHOGEN

Gen. T a n d o n e l l a PRASAD • VERMA


VERONA - - BENEDEK

Plate A 1086

Synnemata pallide brown, cylindrical, with loose clavate-capitate sporulating head and compact globose base; conidiophores brown, septate and highly geniculate; conidia catenate, pale olivaceous, 1 4 celled, sub-cylindric and tapered at each end or fusiform.

Note: Maculiculous on leaf of Zizyphijujuba LANK.

In the plate: T. zizyphi PRASAD t~ VERMA

Ref. :

PRASAD & VERMA (1970) -- Indian Phytop., 23:112.

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FUNGI IMPERFECTI

MONILIALES

STILBACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. B i t u n i c o s t i l b e MORELET



Plate A 1087

Genus similar to Phaeobariopsb FERRARIS, but from it it differs to have conidiophores and conidia bitunicate. It is based on Phaeoisariopsis clavata (ELL. & EVERH.) JONG & MORRIS

In the plate: Bitunicostilbe clavata (ELL. & EWRH.) MORELET (from JONG & MORRIS) Synnema; portion of conidiophores showing bitunicate, lateral or percurrent proliferation developing conidia and scars; conidia with bitunicate, roughened surface.

Ref. :

MORELET, M. (1971) De Aliquibus in Mycologia Novitatibus (5e Note). Bull. Soc. sci. nat. Arch6ol., Toulon Var, 195: 7. JONG, S. C., MORRIS, E. F. (1970) -The form-genus Phaeoisariopsis FERR. Western Illinois Univ. Series in Biological Sciences, no. 7, p. 11.

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M O N I L I A L E S

T U B E R C U L A R I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. Lappodoch ium MATSUSHIMA



PLATE A 1088

Sporodochia formed by a mass of fertile hyphae and needle shaped hyphae, similar to a chestnut husk. Conidia single on pedicels or denticles of vegetative hyphae, lageniform, subglobose or subovoid, more or less apiculate to the apex, 1-celled hyaline, densly aggregated.

Note: One species isolated from soil in Brasil is known.

In the plate: L. lageniforme MATSUSHIMA (IMITED FROM THE A.)

Ref. :

MATSUSHIMA, T. (1975) Icones microfungorum a MATSUSHIMA lectorum. Kob¢.

PLATE A 1088


TUBERCULARIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. B i l g r a m i a PANWAR et al.


VERONA - - BENEDEK

P l a t e A 1089

Sporodochia superficial, spherical, non-stromatic. Conidiophores unbranched, brown, closely septate, macronematous, determinate. Conidia dark-brown, acro-murogenous, phaeo-dictyo- sporus, usually obclavate, producing a chain with elongated septate isthmi.

Note: On dead wood. The genus differs from Peyronelia CIF. & FRAG. having the conidia transversely and longitudinally septate. It differs from Alternaria N ~ s for the formation of sporodochia and from Sirodesmium DE NOT. for the presence of isthmi.

In the plate: B. indicum PANWAR et al.

Ref.:

PANW~t, K. S., PUROHIT, D. K., CHOtrnAN, J. S. (1974) - Biloramia, a new genus of Hyphomycetes. Current Science, 43: 552-553.

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M O N I L I A L E S

T U B E R C U L A R I A C E A E

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. T h o z e t e l l a Ki3NTZE


VERONA - - BENEDEK

Plate A 1090

Sporodochia scattered, superficial, arising from partly immersed parenchymatous aggregations of hyphae, dark in the basal part, sur- mounted by a white mass of liberated conidia and microawns. Conidiophores septate, branched, compact, pale yellowish brown. Phialides clavate, with a minute collarette at the apex. Conidia lunate or naviculate, narrowed at the apex, ~truncate at the base, unicellular, hyaline, provided at each end with a singie, filiform appendage.

Note: The genus has as, synonymous Thozetia BERK. & Mi~LL. AGNIHOTrtRUDU believes Thozetella is nomen dubium; therefore, he formed the genus Thozetellopsis (see I.M.: V, A-104) for a species he isolated. To the genus belong a few species. Th. canadensis NAG RAJ has recently described which is close to, but different from Th. cristata PIROZ. & HODGES.

In the plate: Th. canadensis NAG RAJ (imited from the A.)

Ref. :

AGNIHOTHRUDU, V. (1958) - Notes on fungi from North-east India. I: A new genus of Tuberculariaceae. Mycologia, 50: 570-579. NAG RAJ, T. R. (1976) - Miscellaneous microfungi. Can. J. Bot., 54: 1370-1376.

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FUNGI IMPERFECTI COELOMYCETES

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. V e r o n a e l l a S U B R A M A N I A N t~ R E D D Y


VERONA - - BENEDEK

Plate A 1091

Mycelium superficial, composed of branched, interwoven, spreading, septate hyphae, constricted at septa; pycnidia confined to the mycelial patches, brown, dimidiate, astomous; pycnidial covering filmy, semi- transparent; conidia propagules of variable development blastic, being budded from conidiogenous cells; conidial elements composed of branched, acropetally produced chains of cells with a primary chain arising subterminally from the conidiogenous cell or from any other older cells of the primary and secondary chains; entire conidial unit functioning as a single unit or propagule, not easily separating into individual cells.

Note: For comparation with species of Plenotrichum SYD. Pleuro- thyriella PETRAK & SYD, Creothyrium PETRAK, see Ref.

In the plate: V. indica SUBRAM. & REDDY 1. basal stratum of hyphae 2. stages in the development of the conidia and matura conidia

Ref. :

SUBRAMANIAN, C. V., CHANDRA REDDY, K. R. (1974) - Veronaella, a new genus of the Coelomycetes from India. Kavaka, 2: 25.

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PLATE A 1091

FUNGI IMPERFECTI

PHOMALES PHOMACEAE

PHYTOPATHOGEN

Gen. Syndiplodia PEYRONEL



Plate A 1092

Mycelium brown, intramatrical, forming stromata which are subepidermal and constituted at maturity by a pseudoparenchymic tissue

on pycnidia are formed. Pycnidia aggregated, ostiolate, without distinct wall. Spores small, 2-celled, brown at maturity.

Note: The genus is near to Placodiplodia BUBAK which has pycnidia not ostiolate. One species found on branches of Coryli avellanae is known. See I.M. : XXI, A-547.

In the plate: S. coryli PEYR.

Ref. :

PEYRONEL, B. (1916) - Primo elenco dei funghi di Val San Martino o Valle della Germanasca. Reale Acc. d. Sc., Torino.

PLATE A 1092

FUNGI IMPERFECTI

MELANCONIALES

MELANCONIACEAE

PHYTOPATHOGEN

Gen. D o t h i s t r o m a HULBARY



Plate A 1093

Acervula solitary or gregarious, subepidermal, erumpent, setae-less, bearing upon a stroma dark brown to black. Conidiophores numerous, simple, arising from the stromatic hyphae, septate, hyaline. Conidia hyaline, scoleciform, 1 4 septate, blunt at the end, straight, slightly curved or bent.

Note: The most known species is D. pini HULBORY, three varieties of which are known. It is cosmopolite, economically important, since it causes the red-band needle blight of pines. The perfect state of D. pini is Scirrhia pini FUNK & PARKER. For an exhaustive review see IT0 et al.

In the plate: D. pini HULBARY

Ref. :

FUNK, A., PARKER, A. K. (1966) - Scirrhia pini n. sp. the perfect state of Dothi- stroma pini I-iulbary. Can. J. Bot., 44: 1171-1176. ITt) K., Z~NNO, Y., SUT6, Y. (1975) - Dothistroma needle Blight of pines in Japan. Bull. of the Government Forest experiment Station no. 272.

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PLATE A 1093

FUNGI IMP.ERFECTI

COELOMYCETES SAPROPHYTE

Gen. Parahya lo t iops i s NAG RAJ



Plate A 1094

Pycnidia scattered or gregarious, immersed, variable in shape, unilocular but occasionally plurilocular, glabrous, ostiolate; ostiole oval or cir- cular, papillate; wall pseudoparenchymatous, pale brown but darkening near the ostiolar region. Conidiogenous cells formed around the pycnidial cavity, subcylindrical or ampulliform, hyaline, proliferating percurrently. Conidia holoblastic, solitary, terminal, septate, brown, with two to four apical appendages. Appendages separate, simple or branched, hyaline, tapering, formed before conidium maturation.

Note: Genus segregated from Hyalotiopsis PUNITH (IM, XXVIII, A-681) on the basis of H. borassi THAUN6. On dead leaves of Borassus flabellifera in Mondalay, Burma.

In the plate: P. borassi (THAUNG) NAG RAJ (in a proliferating conidiogenous cell)

Ref. :

NAG RAJ, T. R. (1976) - Miscellaneous microfungi: I. Can. J. Bot., 54:1370-1376.

PLATE A 1094

FUNGI IMPERFECTI

MYCELIA STERILIA SAPROPHYTE

Gen. X y l o m y c e s G o o s et al.



Plate A 1095

Colonies on natural substrate thin, effused; mycelium immersed and superficial; hyphae branched, septate, hyaline to fuscous; conidiophores and conidia lacking; chlamydospores intercalary, multiseptate, fusiform, fuscous.

Note: On immersed dead decaying wood. This genus and the described species have a striking resemblance to the fossil fungi Pluricellaesporites.

In the plate: X. chlamydosporis Goos et al. (imited from the Aa.)

Ref. :

Goos, R. D., BROOKS, R. D., BETTE J. LAMORE (1977) - An undescribed Hypho- mycete from wood submerged in a rhode island stream. Mycologia, 69: 280-286.

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ASCOMYCETES HELO TIALES

H E L O T I A C E A E (.9)

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. Z o l l n e r i a VELENOVSKY



Plate C 817

Apothecia superficial, solitary or in small group, stalked or subsessile; disc flat or slightly convex, yellowish, or olive coloured when fresh, dark when dry; receptacle soft concolorous, beset with sparse, stiff, dark red to blackish bristles. Excipulum of parallel hyaline hyphae. Hairs cylindrical, with thick, smooth, brown walls, septate, with the apical cell thin walled. Asci cylindric clavate, more or less stalked, 8-spored; ascospores uniseriate, rarely twoseriate, elliptical or fusiform, or slightly asimmetrical, hyaline, non-septate. Paraphyses cylindrical

with rounded tips, hyaline, continue or septate.

Note: Genus near to Dasyscyphus S. F. GRAY (IM XLIII, C-819). DENNIS considers Z. rosarum VEL. as the lectotype of genus. The genus includes few species some of them were described recently by BE ATON & WESTE. According to DENNIS Zollneria may shows affinities with the Helotiaceae or Sclerotiniaceae.

In the plate: 1. Z. rosarum VEL. 2. Z. clelandii (HANSFOLD) DENNIS 3. Z. eucalypti (BERK.) DENNIS (from DENNIS)

Ref. :

DENNIS, R. W. G. (1958), The genus Zollneria VEL. Kew Bulletin, 13: 398-399. BEATON, G., WESTE, G. (1977). Zoellneria species from Victoria, Australia. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 68: 79-84.

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A S C O M Y C E T E S

H E L O T I A L E S

D E R M A T A C E A E

(R. W. G. DENNIS)

S A P R O P H Y T E

Gen. L a e t i n a e v i a NANNFELDT


V r R O N A - - BENEDEK

Plate C 818

Differs from Naevia in its marginal tissue being composed of thin- walled, colourless or only slightly brownish cells. (from R. W. G. DENNIS)

Note: For Naevia FRIES em. V. HOHNEL see I.M. : XXX, C-583.

In the plate: L. pustulata GRADDON median section, ascus, ascospores, paraphyses and detail of upper excipulum (from GRADDON)

Ref.:

DENNIS, R. W.'G. - British Ascomycetes, Lehre, 1968. GRADDON, W. D. (1977) - Some new Discomycetes: 4 - Trans. Brit. mycol. Soc., 69: 255-273~

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ASCOMYCETES

HELOTIALES

HYALOSCYPHACEAE

(R.W.G. DENNI~

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. D a s y s c y p h u s S. F. GRAY


VERONA - - BENEOEK

Plate C 819

Apothecia more or less stalked, cup-shaped, always covered with well differentiated hairs which fall into several different structural groups. Asci 8-spored which pore blued by iodine. Ascospores fusiform or fusiform-clavate and non-septate; in a few species the ascospores are needle-shaped, lying parallel in the ascus, and become multiseptate. Paraphyses lanceolate taller than asci; in some species they are slender and cylindrical.

In the plate: 1. D. virgineus S. F. GRAY 2. D. pygmaeus (FRIES) SACC. 3. D. castaneicola GRADDON 4. D. castaneus GRADDON

Ref. :

DENNIS, R. W. G. - British Ascomycetes. Lehre, 1968. GRADDON, W. D. (1977) - Some new Discomycetes: 4. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 69: 255-273.

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ASCOMYCETES

HELOTIALES HYALOSCIPHACEAE

(R. W. G. DENNIS)

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. P s i l a c h n u m v. HOHNEL


VERONA - - BENEDEK

Plate C 820

Apothecia minute, short-stalked covered with hairs. Hairs short, thin- walled, cylindrical, obtuse, septate, without superficial granules or apical granules. Asci cylindrical 8-spored; paraphyses lanceolate; ascospores elliptical, hyaline, continuous.

In the plate: Ps. asemum (PHILLIPS) DENNIS Ps. aurantiacum GRADDON (from DENNIS and from GgADDON)

Ref.:

DENNIS, R. W. G. - British Ascomycetes. Lehre, 1968. GRADDON, W. D. (1977)- Some new Discomycetes: 4. Trans. Brit. mycol. Soc., 69: 255-273.

ASCOMYCETES

PHACIDIALES PHACIDIACEAE

PHYTOPATHOGEN

Gen. A s c o d i c h a e n a BUTIN



Plate C 821

Genus with characters of the family Phacidiaceae and similar to Pseudo- phacidium KARST. Asci clavate-cylindrical, short-stipitate, paraphyses simple, filiform.

Note: This genus was fonded for the perfect stage of Polymorphum rugosum (FR) D. HAWKSW. & PUSSITH. (syn. Dichaena faginea (CHEv.) SACC. The author refers it to Phacidiales to have apothecia round or ovoid and onetunicate asci. It is present in different species of Fagus, rarely on oat.

In the plate: Asc. rugoSa BUTIN 1. ascoma on Quercus, cross section 2. spermogonium with microconidia 3. conidiophores with macroconidia (imited from the Aa.)

Ref. :

BUT~N, H. (1977) Taxonomy and morphology of Ascodichaena rugosa gen. et sp. nov. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 69: 249-254.

ASCOMYCETES OSTROPALES

(SHERWOOD)

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. Propol iops is REHM


VERONA - - BENEDEK

Plate C 822

Apothecia first immersed, opening by splitting the overlying host tissue into 3 or more lobes which become reflexed to expose the disc. Discimmersed, but not deeply urceolate, pruinose, splitting away from the margin when dry. Margin, in cross section, poorly-developed, predominantly crystalline, adnate to stromatized host tissue, lined on the inside with sparse periphysoids. Basal stroma thick. Paraphyses numerous, filiform, branched repeatedly near their apices, intensely J + blue throughout their entire length, forming an epithecium. Asci cylindrical, very thick-walled when young, appearing bitunicate but without a distinctly separable inner wall, J - . Ascospores long-cylindrical, colorless, transversely multiseptate, showing some tendency to disarticulate at the septa.

Note: On leaves and inflorescences of palms and on herbaceous debris, Phillippines and tropical America. The genus has an apothecial structure similar to that of Propoli- dium SAC¢. Long-cylindrical ascospores and a J + hymenium suggest Stictis PERS.

In the plate: Pr. arengae REHM

Ref. :

SHERWOOO, M. A. (1977) - The Ostropalean fungi. Mycotaxon, 5 : 1-277. (Publication copyrighted - Many thanks to the A. for the gentle permission).

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ASCOMYCETES PHACIDIALES

STICTIDACEAE

(CLEMENTS • SHEAR)

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. Propol idium SACC.


VERONA -- BENEDEK

Plate C 823

Apothecia at first immersed, opening by splitting the overlying substrate irregularly but not becoming erumpent, small to middle-sized, orbicular to irregular or somewhat elongate in outline, the margin entire or lacerate, consisting predominantly of host tissue, the disc immersed but not deeply urceolate, splitting away from the margin when dry. Basal stroma present or absent. Margin in cross section more or less 3-layered, consisting of a non-carbonized wall, irregular crystalline layer and inward-projecting periphysoid. Paraphyses numerous, filiform, somewhat enlarged at the tip and forming a rudimentary epithecium, J + or J - . Asci cylindrical, with thin lateral walls and a thickened apex pierced by a J - pore. Ascospores 8, colorless, ovoid, few-septate with ceoss-walls, prominently sheathed.

Note: On bark. For systematic considerations of this genus see Ref. SHERWOOD notes that the genus may also be related to Melitto- sporiella and Karstenia.

In the plate: 1. Pr. 9laucum (ELL.) SACC. 2. Pr. pruinosum SHERWOOD (imited from SHERWOOD)

Ref. :

SHERWOOD, M. A. (1977)- The Ostropalean Fungi. Mycotaxon, 5: 1-277. (Publication copyrighted - Many thanks to the A. for the gentle permission).

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ASCOMYCETES PHACIDIALES

STICTIDACEAE (CLEMENTS & SHEAR)

OSTROPALES (SHERWOOD)

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. Delpontia PENZIG & SACC.



Plate C 824

Apothecia immersed, irregular in outline, opening partially by a pore and partially by splitting the overlying substrate, colorless, the margin very reduced, consisting of a covering layer of a few colorless crystalli- ferous hyphae, devoid of differentiation into layers. True paraphyses numerous, filiform, J +. Asci cylindrical, somewhat thick-walled when young, with an indistinct J- cap. Ascospores colorless, ovoid, muriform.

Note: Only one species: D. pulchella PENZ. & SACC. On fern stalk. CLEMENTS 8~; SHEAR consider Delpontia synonym of Melitto- sporium CDA.-

In the plate: D. pulchella PENZ. • SACC. (from M. A. SHERWOOD)

SHERWOOD, M. A. (1977)- The Ostropalean fungi. Mycotaxon, 5: 1-277. (Publication copyrighted - Many thanks to the A. for the gentle permission).

PLATE C 824


(M. SHERWOOD)

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. O d o n t o t r e m a NYL.



Plate C 825

Apothecia at first immersed, opening by a pore and at length becoming somewhat erumpent, the margin thick, black, inrolled when dry, entire, the disc deeply immersed, not splitting away from the margin when dry. Subhymenium thick, black. Margin, in cross section, devoid of differentiation into layers, of coarse, brown, interwoven hyphae lying parallel to the surface of the ascocarp, Paraphyses numerous, filiform, embedded in a J+ gelatinous matrix. Asci cylindrical, thick- walled when young, with a prominent apical cap, J- . Spores colorless, transvercely septate. (*)

Note: On wood. Considered, albeit dubiously, to be a lichen by NYLANDER (1861), Odontotrema was assigned to the Phacidiales by YON HOHNEL (1971), to the Stictidaceae by SACCARDO (1889), to the Trybli- diaceae by CLEMENTS • SHEAR (1931), and to the Helotiales by NANNFELDT. SHERWOOD considers the genus related with Crypto- discus owing to some similar charaters.

In the plate: Odontotrema minus NYL. (imited from M. SHERWOOD)

Ref. :

SHERWOOD, M. (1976) - The Ostropalean fungi (*). Mycotaxon, 5 : 1-277. (*) Work copyrighted! We thank the A. for the kind concession.

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PLATE C 825


(SHERWOOD)

PHYTOPATHOGEN

Gen. B i o s t i c t i s PETR.


VERONA - - BENEDEK

Apothecia subepidermal, at first completely immersed, opening by a pore and enlarging gradually, the margin white, entire to crenulate but not distinctly toothed, pruinose, the disc moderately deeply immersed, splitting away from the margin when dry. Margin in cross section 3-layered, with a wall, crystalline layer, and sparse periphysoids, colorless or brown. Subhymenium resting directly on host tissue. Paraphyses numerous, filiform, simple or branched, J- . Asci cylindrical, with a distinct apical cap, J- . Ascospores filiform, colorless, transversely multiseptate. (*)

Note: On living leaves of Rubiaceae, tropical America. The genus differs from Stictis principally in its parasitic habit on living leaves (*).

In the plate: B. psychotriae (MONTAGNE) SHERWOOD (imited from SHERWOOD)

Ref. :

SHERWOOD, M. (1976) - The Ostropalean fungi (*). Mycotaxon, 5 : 1-277. (*) Work copyrighted! We thank the A. for the kind concession.

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(M. SHERWOOD)

PHYTOPATHOGEN

Gen. Li l l i coa SHERWOOD


VERONA -- BENEDEK

Plate C 827

Apothecia hypophyllous, small, sessile, cylindrical to turbinate, with a white-pruinose margin and deeply urceolate disc. Subhymenium colorless, of small, angular, thin-walled cells. Margin devoid of differentiation into layers, not splitting away from the hymenium when dry, of slender, colorless interwoven hyphae intermingled with numerous crystals. Paraphyses numerous, filiform, simple or branched, J- Ascospores colorless, filiform, transversely multiseptate. Asci cylindrical, with thin lateral walls and a distinct apical cap. (*)

Note: Superficial on living leaves, tropical America. For some considerations on the genus see Ref.

In the plate: L. palicoureae (SEAVER t~¢ WHETZEL) SHERWOOD (imited from M. SHERWOOD)

Ref. :

SHERWOOD, M, (1976) -The Ostropalean fungi (*). Mycotaxon, 5: 1-277. (*) Publication copyrighted! Many thanks to the A. for the gentle permission.

ASCOMYCETES CAPNODIALES

CAPNODIACEAE (BATISTA & CIFERRI)

PERISPORIALES CAPNODIACEAE

(CLEMENTS • SHEAR)

SAPROPHYTE (Sooty-moulds)

Gen . Calyptra THEISS. t~¢ S Y D O W


VERONA - - BENEDEK

Plate C 828

Mycelium superficial, pelliculose, hyphae brown, constricted, not setose. Perithecia superficial on the mycelium, globose or subglobose, scattered, at first mucose, ostiole indistinct, glabrous. Asci 8-spored, 2-tunicate, aparaphysate. Ascospores long-fusoidal, l-septate, hyaline.

Note: According to CLEMENTS & SHEAR Capnodinula SPEG. is synonym of Catyptra.

In the plate: 1. C. cordobensis (SPEG.) TrIEISS. & SYDOW 2. C. robinsonii BAT. & CIF.

Ref.:

CHAVES BATISTA, A., CIFERm, R. (1963) - Capnodiales. Saccardoa, no. 2.

ASCOMYVETES

DOTHIORALES

PERISPORIOPSIDACEAE (MULLER & VON ARX)

PHYTOPATHOGEN

Gen. Kusanobotrys P. HENNINGS


VERONA - - BENEDEK

Plate C 829

Hypostroma giving rise to crust. It extends between cuticule and epidermic layers in the living leaves. From the hypostroma, brown hyphae protrude which, after perforation of the cuticle, form paren- chimatous masses. Upon these masses setae dark brown are formed as well as small fruiting globous bodies, showing cartilagineous wall and light brown colour. They contain a few asci (sometimes only one), largely clavate, bitunicate, 8-spored. Spores brown, 2-celled.

Note: According to CLEMENTS & SHEAR this genus is synonym to Chaetobotrys CLEM.

In the plate: K. bambusae P. HENN. (imited from MULLER & V. ARX)

Ref. :

Mi3LLER, E., yON ARX, J. A. (1962) - Die Gattung der didymosporen Pyreno- myceten. Wabern, Bern.

PLATE C 829

ASCOMYCETES SPHAERIALES

SPHAERIACEAE

PHYTOPATOGEN (Mycopatogen)

Gen. Scot iosphaeria SIVANESAN

1 C O N O G R A P H I A M Y C O L O G I C A

VERONA - - BENEDEK

Plate C 830

Perithecia densely aggregated, superficial or with their bases slightly immersed in a stromatic complex around and in between adjacent ostiolar necks of Endoxylina pini, black, globose, with a short papillate ostiole lined on the inside by hyaline, filiform periphyses. Asci cylindrical, pedicellate, unitunicate, 8-spored. Ascospores ellipsoid, brown, one septate. Paraphyses numerous, filiform, hyaline.

Note: For comparation with Calosphaeria TUL. and Rhagadostoma KORBER see Ref.

In the plate: S. endoxylinae SIVANESAN (imited from the A.)

Ref.:

SIVANESAN, A. (1978) - British Ascomycetes: Endoxylina pini sp. nov., Scotio- sphaeria endoxylinae Gen. et sp. nov. and Didymosphaeria superapplanata sp. nov. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc., 68: 117-123.


SPHAERIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. A c a n t h o s t i g m e l l a v. H()HNEL


VERONA - - BENEDEK

P l a t e C 831

Ascocarps minute to small, setose, pallid or light to brown or grayish, superficial on a delicate hyphal subiculum; peridium thin, formed of few layers of compressed cells; periphysoids present in the apical region of locule, short. Asci bitunicate, oblong, obovate, saccate, without pseudoparaphyses. Ascospores fusoid elliptic, usually inequilateral, hyaline, yellowish, or light olivaceous brown, one to several septate, thin walled. Hypersaprobic on old plant remains or other fungi.

Note: "CLE~NTS & SHEAR synonymized Acanthostigmella under Acanthostigma DE NOT., while VON ARX & Mt3LLER considered that it was a synonym of Tubeufia. Tubeufia PENZm & SACC. differs from Acanthostigmella in broader peridium, pseudoparaphyses, and elongate phragmospores, whereas Acantho- stioma apparently is sphaeriaceous". (M. E. BARR)

In the plate: 1. A. genufiexa v. HOHNEL 2. A. pallida DENNIS & BARR 3. A. orthotesa v. H()HNEL 4. A. pellucida BARR (imited from BARR)

Ref. :

BARR, M. E. (1977) - Acanthostigmella (Herpotrichietlaceae). Mycotaxon, 6: 17-23.

at PLATE C 831


MELANOSPORACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. Rhytidospora JENG & CAIN


VERONA -- BENEDEK

Plate C 832

Ascocarps scattered, non-stromatic, non-ostiolate, globose to subglobose, light orange, cephalothecoid in surface view. Asci unitunicate, non-amyloid, globose to subglobose, irregularly disposed, evanescent. Paraphyses lacking. Ascospores one-celled, at first hyaline, brown to dark brown at maturity, thick-walled, wrinkled with two germ pores. Conidia unknown.

Note: On burro dung in Venezuela.

In the plate: Rh. tetraspora JENG d~; CAIN 1. longitudinal section of the peridium; 2. peridium in surface view; 3. ascus;

4. ascospores. (drowed on the base of micropictures of the Aa.

Ref.:

JENG, R. S., CHIN, R. F. (1976) - Rhytidospora, a new cleistocarpous genus of the Melanosporaceae. Myeotaxon, 5: 278-282.

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HALOSPHAERIACEAE (MOLLER & V ARX)

SAPROPHYTE

Gen . Aniptodera S H E A R E R t~ M I L L E R



Plate C 833

Perithecia superficial or partially immersed, globose to subglobose, hyaline, membranous, ostiolate, neck elongated, cylindrical, periphysate. Asci in hymenium at base of perithecium, clavate, unitunicate, wall thickened below the apex; apex with pore, asci deliquescing at maturity. Paraphyses absent, catenophyses present. Ascospores two celled, hyaline, thick walled, appendages absent.

Note: One species isolated from wood immersed into seawater is known.

In the plate: A. chesapeakens& SHEARER • MILLER (from the Aa.)

Ref. :

SI~Ae,~R, C. A., MILLER, M. (1977) - Fungi of the Chesapeake Bay and its tri- butaries V. Aniptodera chesopeakensis Gen. et sp. nov. Mycologia, 69: 887-898.

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PLATE C 833


SORDARIACEAE

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. A r n i e l l a JENG & KRUG



Plate C 834

Perithecia scattered, immersed, nonstromatic, ostiolate, pyriform to subglobose, black, hairy; peridium membranaceous, pseudoparenchymatous in surface view, two layered in section. Asci unitunicate, non-amyloid, clavate; apical ring small, indistinct. Paraphyses filiform, septate, hyaline. Ascospores one celled, dark brown to black, walls ornamented with numerous, tiny pits, possessing a single germ pore at one end of the spore; gelatinous appendages lashlike. Conidia unknow.

Note: Two species on dung. In many respects Arnietla is very similar morphologically to Arnium NKE ex WINT. em. LUNDQ. (I.M.: XXXVI, C-716)

In the plate: 1. A. polycercia JENG & KRUG 2. A. exoura JENG & KRUG

Ref.:

JENG, R. S., Krtuo, J. C. (1977) - Arniella, a new genus of the Sordariaceae with pitted ascospotes. Mycologia, 69: 73-80.

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SPHAERIACEAE (CLEMENTS • SHEAR)

SPHAERIALES AMPHISPHAERIACEAE

(DENNIS)

SAPROPHYTE

Gen. G r i p h o s p h a e r i a (FtJcK) v. HOHNEL


VERONA -- BENEDEK

Plate C 835

Perithecia embedded in bark in small cluster often covered by a stromatic clypeus-like tissue. Ostiolum small; porus distinctly periphysate. Asci cylindrical, sub-parallel, with a small apical thickening, 8-spored, paraphysate. Ascospores 1-seriate, 3-septate, hyaline.

Note: On twigs of trees. According to CLEMENTS • SHEAR this genus is synonym of Thyridella SACC.

In the plate: Griphosphaeria sp.

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o.g PLATE C 835

iconographia mycologicaverona — benedek ()

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