ice class - robert bridges, lloyd's register
TRANSCRIPT
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
G u id a n c e fo r Ic e a n d C o ld O p e r a t io n s
- W in te r is a t io n o f S h ip s w h e n N a v ig a t in g in C o ld C l im a te s
R o b e r t B r id g e s
Lloyd’s RegisterS M M 28 t h S e p te m b e r 2 006
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
T o d a y ’s p r e s e n ta t io n
• T h e d e m a n d s a n d c h a n g e s o f th e s h ip p in g in d u s t r y
• O u r r e s p o n s e to th e c h a n g e s - th r e e e le m e n t s
• I c e o p e r a t io n s - ic e c la s s
• C o ld o p e r a t io n s - w in t e r is a t io n
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
G ro w in g in te r e s t in ic e -c la s s s h ip s
TradeWinds, 12 December 2003TradeWinds, 12 December 2003
Lloyd’s List, 2 April 2004Lloyd’s List, 2 April 2004
Neste Oil’s Neste Oil’s TemperaTempera, first Aframax with Ice Class 1AS, 2002, first Aframax with Ice Class 1AS, 2002
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
I n c r e a s e d in te r e s t in ic e r e la te d t r a d e s
• S hipments from North Baltic• L o w te m p e r a t u r e s /ic e fo rm a t io n
d u r in g t h e w in t e r• U p to a f r a m a x s iz e
• S hipments from the Arctic • H a r s h c l im a te is a r e a l c h a l le n g e• S h u t t le s , v a r io u s s iz e s , u p t o a f r a m a x• M u rm a n s k (n o rm a l ly ic e f r e e ) t r a n s h ip m e n t s , u p to V L C C s iz e
• S hipments from Russ ian Far East• L o w te m p e r a t u r e s /ic e fo rm a t io n d u r in g th e w in t e r
• L N G c a r r ie r s a n d a f r a m a x s iz e
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
R e s p o n s e to c h a n g e
• T h r e e e le m e n t s o f I c e a n d C o ld O p e r a t io n s
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
I c e O p e r a t io n s - Ic e C la s s
I d e a l f i r s t-y e a r ic e c o n d i t io n s …
… b u t t h e r e a l i t y c o u ld b e w o r s e
W h y d o w e h a v e ic e -c la s s r u le s ? To permit the safe operation of ships in ice-covered sea areasTo permit the safe operation of ships in ice-covered sea areas
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
N e w te c h n ic a l c h a l le n g e s
• S tructural analys is• W id e f r a m e s p a c in g r e q u e s t e d
• E a s e o f m a in t e n a n c e• E a s e o f p r o d u c t io n
• G u id e l in e s d e v e lo p e d b y IA C S a n d F in n is h M a r i t im e A d m in is t r a t io n
• Ice model tests• L e v e l ic e o r b a s e d o n ic e b r e a k e r a s s is t a n c e
(b r a s h ic e )• P e r f o rm a n c e c r i t e r ia – 5 k n o t s (F in n is h
S w e d is h I c e C la s s R u le s )
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
F a t ig u e P e r fo rm a n c e - C y c l ic lo a d s
Navigating in ice creates hull loadings which are of cyclic nature
• I c e b r e a k in g
• B r a s h Ic e
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
S h ip Ic e /S p e e d C u r v e s
• T h e ‘I c e P a s s p o r t ’ w a s d e v is e d o v e r 2 5 y e a r s a g o in R u s s ia b y A A R I
• S im i la r d o c u m e n ts p r o d u c e d b y K r y lo v a n d C N I IM F
• T o d a y C N I IM F a r e th e a p p r o v e d b o d y w i t h in R u s s ia t o p r o d u c e th e ‘I c e C e r t i f i c a t e ’
• I n f o rm a t io n P r o v id e d :
• S p e e d in ic e
• A t t a in a b le s p e e d
• D is t a n c e to v e s s e l a h e a d
• R a d iu s o f c u r v a t u r e o f c o u r s e
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2
h , m
V,
kn
.
Atta in a b le s p e e d
S a fe s p e e d (yie ld c o n d i tio n )
S a fe s p e e d (a l lo w a b le d e fo rm a tio n )
S p e e d l im i t (yie ld c o n d i tio n )
S p e e d l im i t (a l lo w a b le d e fo rm a tio n )
v
h
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
C o ld O p e r a t io n s - W in te r is a t io n
Icin g (Sp ray, sn o w , ra in )
Su b -zero t emp erat u res
Stabilit y
Hull mat erials
Exposed deck equipment
Lif e saving equipment
Sh ip size an d h u llf o rm
Ro u t e
M ach in ery arran g em en t
Crew man ag em en t
Diversit y in Req u irem en t s
What are theWinterisation Rules?
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
T e m p e r a tu r e d e f in i t io n
• H u l l c o n s t r u c t io n m a te r ia ls
• Winterisation H(Tx)• T x is a n a v e r a g e a ir t e m p e r a t u r e
• E q u ip m e n t a n d s y s t e m s
• Winterisation A(Ty)• Winterisation B (Ty)• Winterisation C(Ty)• T y is a lo w e s t a ir t e m p e r a t u r e
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
F r a m e w o r k o f W in te r is a t io n R u le s
T h r e e le v e ls o f r e q u ir e m e n t s d e p e n d a n t o n e n v i r o n m e n t a l s e v e r i t y
-26 and below
Winterisation H(Tx)
Prolonged duration in extreme low temperatures, e.g. ships operating year round in the Arctic or
Antarctic
-46and
belowSevere
Winterisation A(Ty)
-11 to -25
Winterisation H(Tx)
Seasonal duration in cold temperatures, e.g. ships operating continuously in low temperatures during
the winter months
-31to
-45Moderate
Winterisation B(Ty)
Down to -10
Short duration transits in low temperatures, e.g. ships loading/discharging in low temperatures then
sailing to discharging/loading in warmer regions
Downto
-30Mild
Winterisation C(Ty)
Lowest(see 1.5.2)
Average(see 1.5.1)
Likely Operational Scenario
Typical External DesignAir Temperature
deg. CDescriptionWinterisation Level
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
W in te r is a t io n L e v e ls
Optional / separate notations
Route 1Winterisation C(-20)
Route 2Winterisation B(-35)Winterisation H(-15)Ice Class 1AS
Route 3Winterisation A(-45)Winterisation H(-25)Ice Class AC2
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
F r a m e w o r k o f W in te r is a t io n R u le s
C o m p le m e n t e x is t in g in t e r n a t io n a l s t a n d a r d s
Harmonisationof Polar Shipping Rules
IACSUR’s Polar Ships
UR I1Polar Class Description and
ApplicationUR I2
Structural RequirementsUR I3
Machinery requirements
IMOPolar Code
Part AConstruction Requirements
Part BEquipment
Part COperational
LRWinterisation Rules
Environmental Protection EP
Ice Class Rules
National Administration requirements
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
K e y F e a tu r e s o f W in te r is a t io n R u le s
• D e c k e q u ip m e n t a n d s y s t e m s
• Ice removal equipment (e.g. hoses and manual tools)
• Covers• Thermal insulation and heating
arrangements for pipework• Protection of electrical cables• Ballast tank heating• Internal space heating
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
K e y F e a tu r e s o f W in te r is a t io n R u le s
Design ballast waterline
0.3m
0.6m
Distance for plating and stiffeners attachedand contiguous to the exposed boundaryplating
• H u l l c o n s t r u c t io n m a te r ia ls
C la s s I
FHn/aFHn/aEHEEHEDHD45 < t ≤ 50
FHn/aEHEEHEDHDDHD35 < t ≤ 45
EHEEHEDHDDHDDHD30 < t ≤ 35
EHEEHEDHDDHDDHD25 < t ≤ 30
EHEDHDDHDDHDAHB20 < t ≤ 25
EHEDHDDHDAHBAHB15 < t ≤ 20
DHDDHDDHDAHBAHA10 < t ≤ 15
DHDDHDAHBAHAAHAt ≤ 10
HTMSHTMSHTMSHTMSHTMS
-46 deg. C to
-55 deg. C
-36 deg. C
to -45 deg.
C
-26 deg. C
to -35 deg.
C
-20 deg. C
to – 25 deg.
C
-15 deg. C
to -19 deg.
C
Average external design air temperature
Thicknessmm
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
I c in g P r e c a u t io n s a n d C h e c k lis t s
• I c in g p r e c a u t io n s
• S ta b i l i t y
• D r a f t/t r im
• C h e c k l is t
• E n s u r e t h a t th e w in t e r is a t io n a s p e c t s a r e o p e r a t io n a l
• C o n f i rm t o lo c a l A u t h o r i t ie s o r te rm in a l
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
S u m m a r y
L lo y d ’s R e g is te r is c o m m it t e d to :
• I n v o lv e m e n t in ic e r e la t e d p r o je c t s• D e v e lo p in g a n d im p le m e n t in g ic e c la s s
r u le s a n d r e q u i r e m e n t s• P r o v id in g g u id a n c e a n d a d v ic e in ic e
a n d c o ld o p e r a t io n s
F o r fu tu r e g e n e r a t io n s o f ic e c la s s e d s h ip s to :
• P r o m o t e m a r i t im e s a f e t y• S a fe g u a r d th e m a r in e e n v ir o n m e n t
IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N SL L O Y D ’S R E G IS T E R
T h e L lo y d ’s R e g is t e r G r o u p w o r k s to e n h a n c e s a f e t y a n d a p p r o v e a s s e t s a n d s y s t e m s a t s e a , o n la n d a n d in th e a ir – b e c a u s e l i f e m a t t e r s .
S e r v ic e s a r e p r o v id e d b y m e m b e r s o f th e L lo y d ’s R e g is te r G r o u p L lo y d ’s R e g is t e r , L lo y d ’s R e g is t e r E M E A a n d L lo y d ’s R e g is te r A s ia a r e e x e m p t c h a r i t ie s u n d e r t h e U K C h a r i t ie s A c t 1 9 9 3 .
For more information, please contact:
Robert BridgesR e s e a r c h a n d d e v e lo p m e n t d e p a r tm e n tL lo y d ’s R e g is te r7 1 F e n c h u r c h S tr e e tL o n d o n , E C 3M 4B S
T +4 4 (0)20 74 2 3 1 4 2 2F +4 4 (0)20 74 23 206 1E r o b e r t .b r id g e s@ lr .o r g