how to read a prescription

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How to Read a Prescription. What is a Prescription?. A physician's order for the preparation and administration of a drug or device for a patient. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: How to Read a Prescription
Page 2: How to Read a Prescription

A physician's order for the preparation and administration of a drug or device for a patient.

The word "prescription" also comes from the Latin "praescriptus" and is made up of "prae," before + "scribere," to write, so that prescription meant "to write before." This reflected the historic fact that a prescription had traditionally to be written before a drug could be prepared and then administered to a patient..

Page 3: How to Read a Prescription

The superscription or heading with the symbol "R" or "Rx", which stands for the word recipe (meaning, in Latin, to take)

The inscription, which contains the names and quantities of the ingredients;

The subscription or directions for compounding the drug; and

The signature which is often preceded by the sign "s" standing for signa (Latin for mark), giving the directions to be marked on the container.

Page 4: How to Read a Prescription

Patient informationSuperscriptionInscriptionSubscriptionSignaDate Signature lines, signature, degree, generic substitutionPrescriber informationDEA# if requiredRefillsWarnings

Page 5: How to Read a Prescription
Page 6: How to Read a Prescription

Patient InformationNameAddressAge (Required on triplicate)Weight (optional)

Page 7: How to Read a Prescription

SuperscriptionRXTraditional symbol for prescription

Page 8: How to Read a Prescription

InscriptionWhat does the pharmacist take off the shelf?

Dose = Quantity of drug per dose formDose Form = The physical entity ingested,

i.e. tablet, suspension, capsuleSimple Vs compound prescriptionsManufactured Vs compounded prescriptions

Page 9: How to Read a Prescription

SubscriptionWhat is the pharmacist to do with the

ingredients?

Dispense how much medicine to put in the bottle

For controlled substances write in numbers and letters

Page 10: How to Read a Prescription

Signa, signature or transcriptionInstructions for the patientNumber of dosage units per dose (Take one Tablet,

give two teaspoonfuls, etc.Route of administration by (mouth, rectally, nasally,

etc.)Frequency of dosing (every six hours, once a day, etc.)Duration of dosing (… for seven days,..until gone, ..if

needed for pain)Purpose of the prescription (goes on label)Special instructions (shake well, refrigerate, etc.)Warnings

Page 11: How to Read a Prescription

Signature of the prescriberMakes the prescription a legal documentInclude degreeTwo signature lines required Dispense as written Substitution permitted

Page 12: How to Read a Prescription

Date prescribedScheduled II drugs can only be dispensed

within 7 days of data on RXAll prescriptions expire after one yearCV-CIII can be filled for 5 times in 6 months

maximum

Page 13: How to Read a Prescription

Prescriber identificationNameFor controlled substances: Address Phone DEA printed or stamped on the RX Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA)-

US Government

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Renewal instructions or refill informationIndicate either no refills or the number of

refills you wantProper use insures patient gets the amount of

drug you intend

Page 15: How to Read a Prescription

To obtain any benefit from a prescriptionThe prescription order must be filledThe patient must take the medicationThe patient is monitored for untoward

reactions

Page 16: How to Read a Prescription

How Often To Take Medication Abbreviations

Abbreviation Meaningad lib freely, as needed

bid twice a day

prn as needed

q every

q3h every 3 hours

q4h every 4 hours

qd every day

qid four times a day

qod every other day

tid three times a day

Page 17: How to Read a Prescription

When to Take Your Medication Abbreviations

Abbreviations Meaning

ac before meals

hs at bedtime

int between meals

pc after meals

Page 18: How to Read a Prescription

How Much Medication To Take Abbreviations

Abbreviation Meaning

caps capsule

gtt drops

i, ii, iii, or iiii – the number of doses (1, 2, 3, 4)

mg milligrams

ml milliliters

ss one half

tabs tablets

tbsp tablespoon (15 ml)

tsp teaspoon (5 ml)

Page 19: How to Read a Prescription

How to Use Your Medication Abbreviations

Abbreviation Meaning

ad right ear

al left ear

c or o with

od Right eye

os left eye

ou both eyes

po by mouth

s or without

sl sublingual

top apply topically

sig Before directions on the pres. (let it be labeled.

Page 20: How to Read a Prescription

How to Read a Prescription Sample 1Diagnosis is high cholesterolZocor 10 mg.

This is the name of the medication and the dose.Sig: i po qhsYour instructions are to take 1 pill, by mouth, at bedtime.Dispense #90You will be given 90 pills, enough for about 3 months.Refill 0 timesYour doctor has indicated no refills, most likely because she would like to check your blood cholesterol and then decide if you need more medication or a different dose.DAW left blankYour pharmacist will most likely give you simvastatin, the generic version of Zocor.

Page 21: How to Read a Prescription

How to Read a Prescription Sample 2Diagnosis is type 2 diabetesGlucophage 500 mg.

This is the name of the medication and the dose.Sig: i po bid pcYour instructions are to take 1 pill, by mouth, twice each day, after meals - this means that you should take this medication right after breakfast and right after dinner.Dispense #90You will be given 90 pills, enough for about 3 months.Refill 3 timesYour doctor has indicated 3 refills, enough medication for one year. This may mean that your diabetes is "stable" and well controlled on this medication.DAW left blankYour pharmacist will most likely give you metformin, the generic version of Glucophage

Page 22: How to Read a Prescription

How to Read a Prescription Sample 3Diagnosis is high blood pressureDiovan 40 mg.

This is the name of the medication and the dose.Sig: i po qdYour instructions are to take 1 pill, by mouth, once each day - you most likely can take this medication either before or after a meal since your doctor did not say otherwise.Dispense #90You will be given 90 pills, enough for about 3 months.Refill 0 timesYour doctor has indicated no refills, most likely because she would like to check your blood pressure and then decide if you need more medication or a different dose.DAW left blankYour pharmacist will give you Diovan since there is no generic available for this drug