hormon androgen
TRANSCRIPT
GONAD : organ dwifungsi sel benih & h seks
ke 2 fungsi berkaitan –konsentrasi h seks tinggi diperlukan perkembangan sel benih
fungsi gonad penting proses reproduksi
OVARIUM : ovom, h steroid
(estrogen & progesteron)
TESTIS : spermatozoa & h testosteron
TESTIS
• Memproduksi testesteron & spermatozoa
1.Spermatogenia & sel benih
2.Sel Leydig
3.Sel sartoli
Gross and microscopic anatomy of human testis
Testis
Function: 1. Spermatogenesis (spermatozoa)2. Androgen synthesis and secretion (h.
testosteron)
Consists of:1. Seminiferous tubules: nurtures the
sperm as they develop. Each tubule is made up of germ cells and Sertoli cells
2. Leydig cells: steroid synthesizing cells.
Androgens• In males, androgens are secreted by Leydig cells of
the testis, with only a small contribution from the adrenal.
• In male embryos androgen secretion by the Leydig cells is initiated by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
• T is converted to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by 5α-reductase in peripheral tissues.
• Embryonically, T stimulates the male external genitalia, while DHT is responsible for the development of the internal genitalia
• In adolescence, androgens stimulate skeletal growth and muscle protein synthesis.
• Androgens induce aggression and libido• They also promote the development of both
primary and secondary male sexual characteristics
HORMON SEKS LAKI-LAKI 3 OHSD DAN 5,4 ISOMERASE PREGNENOLON PROGESTERON
17ALFA OH ase 17 ALFA OH ase
17 ALFA OH PREGNENOLON 17 ALFA PROGESTERON
C17,20 LYASE C17,20 LYASE
DHEA ANDROSTENEDION
17 BETA OHSD 17 BETA OHSD
5 ANDROSTENEDIOL TESTOSTERON
TESTOSTERON
Estriol16α OHsilasi
Testicular biosynthesis and hepatic metabolism of testosterone
Action of LH and FSH on Sertoli and Leydig Cells
T E S T I S SEL SPERMATOGONIA : PENGHASIL SPERMATOZOA
SEL LEYDIG : PENGHASIL TESTOSTERON
SEL SERTOLI : PENGHASIL INHIBIN DAN ABP FUNGSI INHIBIN : PENGENDALI FSH
E2
TESTOSTERON
ESTRADIOL ANDROSTANEDIOL DHT
ORGAN SASARANDHT ( 5 ALFA REDUKTASE ): PROSTAT,
VESIKULA SEMINALIS,
GENETALIA EKSTERNA
DAN KULIT GENETALIA.
TESTOSTERON : STRUKTUR DARI
WOLFFIAN EMBRIONIK,
SPERMATOGONIA, OTOT,
TULANG DAN GINJAL.
FUNGSI ANDROGEN
1. ANDROGENIK
2. ANABOLIK : SINTESIS ABP, ALFA 2u
GLOBULIN ( MALE MICE ) ,
DAN SINTESIS ENZIM DI
GINJAL YANG BERPERAN
PADA PROSES ANABOLIK .
METABOLISME HORMON SEKS
ANDROGEN MELIPUTI 2 CARA :
1. Oksidasi posisi C 17 terutama HATI terbentuk senyawa
17 KETO STEROID : ANDROSTERON & ETIOKOLANOLON 2. Reduksi IKATAN RANGKAP pada CINCIN A DHT ( DIHIDROTESTOSTERON ) adanya 5 alfa reduktase & NADPH [prostat, genetalia eksterna & kulit]
ESTROGEN : terbentuk ESTRIOL
PROGESTERON : terbentuk PREGNANEDIOL
T DHT 5 alfa reduktase + NADPH
ANDROSTENEDION TESTOSTERON
Inhibitor 5 alfa reduktase D H T Anti Androgen Flutamid RESEPTOR ANDROGEN
• E2 + DHT / T HIPERTROFI PROSTAT ( BPH : benign prostatic hypertrophy)
T E R A P I B P H T E R A P I B P H
E2 ( 17 BETA ESTRADIOL )
PADA LAKI - LAKI BERASAL :
1. AROMATISASI ANDROGEN DI PERIFER ( 90% )
2. SINTESIS DI TESTIS ( 10% )
FUNGSI 17 β ESTRADIOL [E2]
1. REGULASI FSH
2. TINGKAH LAKU SEKSUAL PADA
BINATANG ( KARENA DISINTE-
SIS DI OTAK ).
3. INDIREK MEMPENGARUHI
SPERMATOGENESIS
PENINGKATAN SHBG
I. HIPERTIROID, SIROSIS HEPATIS DAN PENUAAN : BERAKIBAT TERJADINYA PENINGKATAN E2 BEBAS : T BEBAS SHG TERJADI E S T R O G E N I S A S I II. PADA LAKI-LAKI DAN WANITA : ENZIM
AROMATASE MENINGKAT ( SEL LEMAK,
KULIT DAN HATI ) DIDAPATKAN PADA :
SIROSIS HEPATIS, HIPERTIROIDISME,
PENUAAN, OBESITAS, Zn