Honors BiologyMay 1, 2014

Module 16

Mammals

Part 3

May 8, 2014

is our last day of Class

Registration for Next Year

Marine Biology

Anatomy and Physiology

Grades

Grades will be passed out next week.

If anyone needs an end of the year evaluation for the School Board or their private school have your parent contact

me.

Quiz # 29

Identify the following: • Which are members of two orders:

Struthioniformes and Sphenisciformes (Flightless Birds):

A. Hummingbird

B. Ostriches

C. Penguin

D. Quail

2. Which are members of Order Falconiforms (birds of prey):

A. Osprey

B. Turkey

C. Golden Eagle

D. Red Shoulder Hawk

3. Which are members of Order Phoenicopteriformes:

A. Flamingos

B. Geese

C. Storks

D. Hummingbirds

4. Which are a member of Order Apodiforms:

A. Hummingbirds

B. Song Birds

C. Egrets

D. Pigeons

5. Which are members of Order Galliforms (game birds):

A. Turkey

B. Quail

C. Pheasant

D. Ducks

6. Which are members of Order Anseriformes (water, swimming, diving and wading):

A. Ducks

B. Egrets

C. Sanderlings

D. Pelicans

7. Which are members of Order Passeriformes (song birds):

A. Blue bird

B. Mockingbird

C. Cardinal

D. Albatross

Matching1. Order Passeriformes A. Water Bird

2. Order Anseriformes B. Birds of prey

3. Order Galliformes C. Song Birds

4. Order Apodiformes D. Hummingbirds

5. Order Phoenicopteriformes

E. Flightless Bird

6. Order Struthioniformes and Sphenisciformes

7. Order Falconiformes

F. Flamingos

G. Game Birds

Identify the following: • Which are members of two orders:

Struthioniformes and Sphenisciformes (Flightless Birds):

A. Hummingbird

B. Ostriches

C. Penguin

D. Quail

2. Which are members of Order Falconiforms (birds of prey):

A. Osprey

B. Turkey

C. Golden Eagle

D. Red Shoulder Hawk

3. Which are members of Order Phoenicopteriformes:

A. Flamingos

B. Geese

C. Storks

D. Hummingbirds

3. Which are a member of Order Apodiforms:

A. Hummingbirds

B. Song Birds

C. Egrets

D. Pigeons

4. Which are members of Order Galliforms (game birds):

A. Turkey

B. Quail

C. Pheasant

D. Ducks

5. Which are members of Order Anseriformes (water, swimming, diving and wading):

A. Ducks

B. Egrets

C. Sanderlings

D. Pelicans

6. Which are members of Order Passeriformes (song birds):

A. Blue bird

B. Mockingbird

C. Cardinal

D. Albatross

1. Order Passeriformes C. Song Birds

2. Order Anseriformes A. Water Bird

3. Order Galliformes G. Game Birds4. Order Apodiformes D. Hummingbirds5. Order Phoenicopteriformes F. Flamingos 6. Order Struthioniformes and Sphenisciformes E. Flightless Bird

7. Order Falconiformes B. Birds of prey

Class Mammalia

As we finish up our Biology course we are going to discuss the class that contains people.

This is one of the smaller classes in subphylum Vertebrata.

Many people confuse the term “animal” with “mammal.”

The term “animal” includes creatures:

Sponges, hydras, fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds.

The following separate mammals from the other vertebrates

1. Hair covering the skin2. Reproduce with internal fertilization and

usually viviparous.3. Nourish their young with milk secreted from

specialized glands.4. Four chambered heart5. Endothermic

(Notice that the last two characteristics are the same as those of birds. The first 3 characteristics set mammals apart from any other creatures in phylum Chordata.)

Hair

In most mammals hair is really obvious. However, in some it is much harder to see.

Elephants: It is there in Ragged tufts that make a Patchwork across the skin.

Whales have whiskers on theirSnouts, chin or behind their Blowholes.

HairLike scales on reptiles and feathers on birds,

is made of nonliving cells.

These cells are produced by hair follicles, which are tiny structures in the skin.

Most mammals have…

Underhair that is found under the Guard hair. It is soft, insulating layer of fur next to the animal’s

Skin.Guard Hair Usually givesMost mammalsTheir colors andDistinctiveMarkings.

Functions of Hair

1. Insulation2. Camouflage3. Defense mechanism4. Aids the senses: Cat whiskers, vision5. Hair “bristles” when angry or frightened

Mammal Reproduction

1. Placental mammals: internal fertilization. Placenta is a structure that allows an embryo to be nourished with the mother’s blood supply through the umbilical cord bringing oxygen and nutrients to the developing embryo.

The gestation period is the time during which an embryo develops before being born. The gestational period for mammals varies greatly. Mice have a gestation period of about 3 weeks, horses about 1 year. The longer the gestational period, the more developed the offspring is.

Once the offspring is born…

All mammals care for their young. The female produces milk (lactating) through mammary glands.

Most mammals have some sort of “family”

structure in which the parents teach the young survival skills before the young leave the protection of the parents.

There are exceptions to the viviparous rule.

2. Nonplacental mammals. There are two orders of mammals that we will discuss shortly.

Just like birds, mammals are…

1. Endothermic: They regulate their own internal body temperature and keep it constant.

2. Four-chambered heart, whereby oxygen-poor blood never mixes with oxygen-rich blood in the blood vessels.

Major Order of MammalsTable 16.2

13 Orders of Mammals

Order MonotremataEgg-laying mammals

Order Marsupialia

Order ChiropteraFlying Mammals

Order Carnivora

Orders Sirenia and CetaceaAquatic Mammals

Order Proboscidea

Orders Perissodactyla and Artiodactyla

Order Rodentia

Order Lagomorpha

Order Edentata (Xenarthra)

Order Tubulidentata

Order Insectivora

Order Primates

Experiment

Characteristics of mammals

ID at least 3 mammals to include their orders. Draw.

Observe the microscope: Bat and Mole

ID their Orders and draw

Homework

Finish Module 16

Take Module 16 Test

Quiz: The 13 Orders of Mammals: The five characteristics of mammals; Difference between a rabbit and a hare