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Lesson 1: What a weekend!Simple past: affirmative and negative

Lesson 2: What did you do? Simple past questions

Lesson 3: Guess what happened!Past progressive

Lesson 4: Keeping in touchCould, couldn’t

Lesson 1: That’s entertainmentHow + adjective

Lesson 2: Grabbing a bite to eatComparatives

Lesson 3: Spend your money hereSuperlatives

Lesson 1: ThingsOrder of adjectives

Lesson 2: My stuffPossessive ’s / s’

Lesson 3: Hey! That’s minePossessive pronouns and whose

Lesson 4: Can you lend me a hand?Modals of permission: could, can, may

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Lesson 1: Would you do that?Present perfect (introduction)

Lesson 2: I wouldn’t eat that!Present perfect: ever, never. Have you ever …?

Lesson 3: That’s different!Present perfect: how long …?, for, since

Lesson 4: What a chore!Present perfect: once, twice, three times, four times

Lesson 1: What do you suggest?Present perfect or simple past

Lesson 2: Moving aroundPresent perfect contractions and other uses of ’s

Lesson 3: Dos and don’tsShould / shouldn’t

Lesson 4: TouristsModals of advice and warning: had better, ought to

Lesson 1: It’s a celebration!Direct and indirect objects

Lesson 2: Early birds and night owlsPhrasal verbs

Lesson 3: Just another day at schoolPhrasal verbs with direct objects

Lesson 4: Everyday technologyQuestion formation

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Contents

Lesson 4: Music is the spice of lifeComparatives with as … as/ not as … as

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D.R. © Macmillan Publishers, S.A. de C.V. 2010

Unit 1Lesson 1: What a weekend!

SIMpLE paST: affIrMaTIvE anD nEGaTIvE

a. Look at these sentences from the email. Underline the correct option in each statement below to make rules about the past tense.

I went with my friends. I didn’t really see the band.

1. We use the present / past form of the verb in affirmative past sentences.2. We use the negative auxiliary don’t / didn’t in negative past sentences.3. We use didn’t and the present / past form of the verb in negative sentences.

B.

regular verbs irregular verbs

visited went

read the email again. find regular and irregular past tense verbs to complete the table.

C. add more verbs to the table. Then compare your answers in pairs.

D. Complete the sentences with the correct past tense form of the verb.

1. We (not arrive) on time.2. i (see) my friends. 3. i (not want) to drive.4. He (meet) a really nice girl.

Go to WB Activities 1 and 2 on page 14 for further practice.





Unit 1Lesson 2: What did you do?

SIMpLE paST qUESTIonS

a. Look at the questions in Exercise 1B. Check (✔) the correct rules for making simple past questions.

1. We use the auxiliaries do or am/is/are to make a question in the past. 2. We use the auxiliaries did or was/were to make questions in the past. 3. We use the present form of the verb in questions in the past. 4. We use the past form of the verb in questions in the past.

B. Circle was/were or did in each statement to create the rules for making questions in the simple past.

1. We use was/were / did when the verb be is the main verb of the sentence. 2. We use was/were / did as an auxiliary when the main verb is not the verb be.

C. Complete the questions with was, were, or did.1. you go to the movies?2. you at the mall on Sunday?3. What time you get home last night?4. your sister in the play?5. What you do yesterday evening?6. Where the concert?






Unit 1Lesson 3: Guess what happened!

paST proGrESSIvE

a. find and underline all the examples of these verb structures in Exercise 1a:

was (verb)+ing were (verb)+ing

When I was getting out of the car …… as I was arriving at the party …

How many are there?

B.

When I was getting out of the car, I dropped my cell phone.

action 2action 1

1 Action 1 / 2 is a longer action than action 1 / 2.2. Action 1 / 2 starts before action 1 / 2.3. Action 1 / 2 interrupts action 1 / 2.

Look at this sentence. Underline the correct option in each statement below.

C. How can you say the same thing in your own language? Is the grammar similar or different?

D. Complete each sentence with the past progressive form of the verb.

1. i (leave) school when it started to rain.

2. i saw them as they (walk) home.

3. He (have) his lunch when she called him.

4. i think she (look) for you when you were in class.

5. you (wait) for me earlier?

nOtE: the words when, as, and while all have the meaning of at the same time in this context.






Unit 1Lesson 4: Keeping in touch

could anD couldn’t

a. Look at these sentences. Which ones are affirmative and which ones are negative?

I could see my friends …I couldn’t call to ask them to wait …I could walk the last two kilometers …I couldn’t use it …

B.

could can’t can couldn’t

present past

ability can

inability

Complete the table with the words from the box.

C. Complete the sentences with could or couldn’t.1. i call you because i didn’t have any credit. 2. She study because she didn’t have any

distractions.3. i see my friends because i didn’t have classes

the next day.4. Erik go to the party because he was late.5. they see the movie because there were no

more tickets.






Unit 2Lesson 1: That’s entertainment

How + aDJECTIvE, tHERE IS / ARE

a. Match the questions with the answers.1. How far is it? a) it costs $10.2. How big is it? b) it’s very near.3. How long does it take to c) 17 get there? d) At 11 o’clock.4. How expensive is it? e) it’s not very big.5. How old are you? f) Only about 206. How late does it finish? minutes by car.

B. Look at these sentences. What are the rules for when you use there is and when you use there are?

there’s an internet café near the school. there are two movie theaters in town.

C. Complete the sentences with the phrases from the box.

is there how late are there there is how long how old

1. How long does it take you to get to school?2. a place to eat near here? 3. do you have to be to ride a motorcycle? 4. does the class finish?5. Do you know if a drugstore near here?6. any places left in the class?






Unit 2Lesson 2: Grabbing a bite to eat

CoMparaTIvES

a. Look at these sentences from Exercise 1. Check (✔) the ones that make a comparison.

1. … i almost always get a cup of coffee. 2. … which is cheaper than going to one of the places outside. 3. i like to eat lunch at home. 4. … but i try not to do that because it’s more expensive. 5. the tacos there taste better …

B.

1. 1 syllable ending in two consonants a. make the consonant double and + er (for example, small, old) (for example, fatter)2. 1 syllable ending in e b. adjective + er (for example, late, fine) (for example, taller)3. 1 syllable ending in a single vowel c. change the y to i + er + consonant (for example, big, thin) (for example, happier)4. 2 syllables ending in y d. adjective + r (for example, dirty, easy) (for example, nicer)5. 2 or more syllables e. (for example, better, worse) (for example, difficult, expensive) f. more + adjective6. irregular adjectives (for example, more beautiful) (for example, good, bad)

Match the two halves of the rules for making the comparative.

C. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the comparative.

1. the coffee is more expensive (expensive) than it was last week.

2. the sandwiches are (good) than the pizzas.

3. We are going home (early) today.

4. the exams were (difficult) than last time.

5. the food is (cheap) in the cafeteria.

6. it’s (cold) today than yesterday.

7. the traffic is (slow) today.8. today’s classes are

(fun) than yesterday’s.


Some exceptionsslow slower

fun more funfar farther




D.R. © Macmillan Publishers, S.A. de C.V. 2010 | Illustration: EMC Design Ltd

Unit 2Lesson 3: Spend your money here

SUpErLaTIvES

a. Look at the ads. How many adjectives can you find that have most or -est?

B. Look at the price of coffee from the café and the five sentences. What do the underlined phrases mean?

An Americano is the cheapest.A cappuccino is more expensive than an Americano.A latte is more expensive than a cappuccino.A mocha is more expensive than a latte.A mocha is the most expensive.

C.

irregular adjectives (for example, good, bad) best, worst1 syllable ending in two consonants = adjective + est (for example, small, old) smallest1 syllable ending in e = adjective + st (for example, late, nice)

1 syllable ending in a single vowel + consonant = make the consonant double and + est (for example, big, thin)

2 syllables ending in y = change the y to i + est (for example, dirty, easy)

2 or more syllables = most + adjective (for example, difficult, expensive)

The rules for the superlative are very similar to the rules for the comparative (Unit 2, Lesson 2). Write examples for each one.

CoffeeAmericano $1.60Cappuccino $2.20Latte $2.50Mocha $3.10

Don't forget to use the with superlatives the bestthe smallestthe most difficult






Unit 2Lesson 4: Music is the spice of life

CoMparaTIvE WITH AS … AS / not AS … AS

a. Match each sentence 1–3 from the listening with a sentence a–c with the same meaning.1. Basement 21 is not as big as the other two. a. the Auditorium is more expensive than the Hippodrome and Basement 21.2. the sound quality in the Auditorium is as good as b. the Hippodrome and the Auditorium are bigger than Basement 21.

in the Hippodrome. 3. the Auditorium is not as cheap as the others. c. the sound quality is the same in the Hippodrome and the Auditorium.

B. Check (✔) the statement, a or b, that correctly describes the grammar structure on the left.

1. X is as (adjective) as Y a) Y is more than X

b) X and Y are equal

2. X is not as (adjective) as Y a) Y is more than X

b) X and Y are equal

C. Complete the sentences with as … as / not as … as.1. Paul is as old as Karen. (Paul is 19. Karen is 19.) 2. Paul is not as old David. (Paul is 19. David is 20.)3. Julie is old Karen. (Julie is 18. Karen is 19.)4. Kim is old Paul. (Kim is 18. Paul is 19.)5. Julie is old Kim. (Julie is 18. Kim is 18.)6. Karen is old David. (Karen is 19. David is 20.)






Unit 3Lesson 1: Things

C. Check (✔) the sentences that have the correct word order. put a cross (✘) next to the ones that have the incorrect word order.

1. there is a large, brown spot on the page. ✔

2. She was wearing a red, ugly dress. 3. He has a blue, large jacket. 4. She was wearing big, round sunglasses. 5. they live in a beautiful, big house. 6. it has triangular, fantastic pattern on it.


orDEr of aDJECTIvES

a. Look at the adjectives that the people mention in Exercise 2 and write them on the lines.

1. round 2. 3. 4. 5.

B.

size color opinion shape

size

Write the correct order of the adjectives. Use the adjectives in Exercise a to help you decide.





Unit 3Lesson 2: My stuff

C. Complete the sentences with the word in parentheses and the correct form of s (s / ’s / s’).

1. Your pen’s on the floor. (pen) 2. Everyone is in the room. (teacher – plural)3. this new very good. (chewing gum)4. i think this is phone. (Laura)5. i can use my car. (parent – plural)6. Do you know where my are? (book)7. Your in my class. (sister)8. is this bag? (Anthony)


poSSESSIvE ’S / S’

a. find a word in each text that ends in ’s or s’ and write them on the lines.

1. Sandy’s 3. 2. 4.

B.

s ’s ’s s’

We use ’s as the contraction of the verb is.We use to make plurals of most nouns.When we talk about possession of one person, we use .When we talk about possession of more than one person, we use .

Complete the rules with the different forms of s from the box.





Unit 3Lesson 3: Hey! That’s mine

poSSESSIvE pronoUnS anD wHoSE

a.

hers yours mine ours theirs his

possessive adjectives my your his her its our their

possessive pronouns hers

B. Look at the phrases from Exercise 2B and circle T (True) or f (false).

We use the possessive pronouns (mine, yours, etc.) t Fwith a noun.

the word whose refers t F

to the owner of something.

Write the possessive pronouns from the box in the table below.

C. Look at these pairs of sentences and cross out the one that is incorrect.1. this is mine book. this is mine.2. Whose bag is this? Who’s bag is this?3. Excuse me, is this your chair? Excuse me, is this yours chair?4. i have my books in mine backpack. i have my books in my backpack.5. these are her. these are hers.6. Whose are those keys? Who are those keys?7 this classroom is their. this classroom is theirs.8. Do you know where him friends are? Do you know where his friends are?






Unit 3Lesson 4: Can you lend me a hand?

B.

could may not can may could can cannot may

1. We can use can , and to make a request.2. We can use and to give permission.3. We can use to talk about past permission.4. We can use and to not give permission.

C. Underline the correct option.1. You can / cannot smoke in school.2. You may / could leave the room when you finish all the questions.3. May / May not i ask you a question?4. You may / may not speak during the exam.5. Cannot / Can i use your calculator?6. Can / Cannot you help me with my homework?


Complete the rules with the words from the box.

MoDaLS of pErMISSIon anD rEqUEST: could, cAn, mAy

a. Look at these eight sentences from the conversations. Decide which ones are:

making a request 1 giving permission in the present talking about past permission 8not giving permission

can could mayLess formal more formal

1. Can you lend me five dollars? 2. Could you help me with it?3. Remember that you may write on the

question paper.4. … you may not speak or leave the room.5. … you cannot leave the room.6. May I go to the bathroom?7. Yes, you can.8. … he said I could have some more

time to finish …





Unit 4Lesson 1: Would you do that?

prESEnT pErfECT (InTroDUCTIon)

a. Complete the blanks with the correct form of the verb: have, has, haven’t, or hasn’t. Look at the examples in Exercise 2B to help you.

B. Look at the examples in Exercise 2B. Check (✔) the correct time they refer to.

A specific past time Present time An indefinite past time Future time

C. Write the correct form of the auxiliary have or has next to each pronoun.

i have he it they

you she we

D. Choose the correct option to make the rule.

the present prefect is formed with the verb have plus:simple past OR past participle

Go to WB Activities 1 and 2 for further practice (page 46).

you / me my friend

question Have you been to the USA? he been to the USA?

affirmative sentence i been to the USA. He been to the USA.

negative sentence i been to the USA. He hasn’t been to the USA.

affirmative short answer Yes, i . Yes, he .

negative short answer no, i no, he





Unit 4Lesson 2: I wouldn’t eat that!

prESEnT pErfECT: EvER, nEvER

a.

today Recent time All time

B. Complete the sentences with the words ever and never to make the rules.

1. We use in questions.2. We don’t use in affirmative sentences. 3. We use to make a negative sentence.

Check (✔) the correct period of time that ever and never refer to.

C. Complete the sentences with ever, never, or nothing.1. Has she ever eaten snails?2. i have eaten ants. (affirmative)3. He’s been to Australia. (negative)4. She has traveled to many interesting places.

(affirmative)5. Have you eaten an unusual food?6. We’ve tried Korean food. (negative)






Unit 4Lesson 3: That’s different!

prESEnT pErfECT: How long …?, foR, SIncE

a.

Interviewer: And, how long have you been a roller coaster fanatic?

Stephanie: Since 2006. Interviewer: How long have you had this hobby?Jordan: For about five years, since i was 12 years old.

B. Look at the extracts again. Complete the rules with the words for and since.

1. We use the word to talk about duration.2. We use the word to talk about a point in time.

Look at these extracts from the interview. What does the question How long …? mean?

C. Underline the correct word to complete each sentence.

1. i have had this hobby for / since 2006.2. this book has been in print for / since twelve years.3. i went to high school for / since three years.4. He has done that for / since December last year.5. Daniela has been a member of the group for / since eleven

months.6. We have had classes with this teacher for / since May.






Unit 4Lesson 4: What a chore!

prESEnT pErfECT: oncE, twIcE, tHREE tImES, ETC.

a. Look at these statements about the graph. Underline the words and phrases that express the number of occasions.

1. How often has John washed the dishes? John has washed the dishes twice this week..2. How many times has Lizzie ironed the clothes?

3. How often has Bob done the laundry?

4. How many times has Rachel cleaned the floor this week?


B.

x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 x7

six times

C. Look at the graph and write answers to these questions. Use the words and phrases from Exercise B.

Complete the table with the correct words and phrases.

rachel has washed the dishes seven times this week.

Bob has made the bed four times this week.

rachel has ironed the clothes twice this week.

Lizzie has washed the dishes once.

John has cleaned the floor five times this week.John has done the laundry three times this week.





Unit 5Lesson 1: What do you suggest?

prESEnT pErfECT or SIMpLE paST

a.

past time only past connected to the present

We went to the city center. We have been to the beach.i saw them on Monday.Have you taken the river boat trip?

✔

B. Complete the sentences with the correct tense to make the rules.simple past present perfect1. We use the to talk about past events that ARE connected to the present.2. We use the to talk about past events that ARE nOt connected to the

present.

Look at these sentences from the conversation. Decide if each one refers to past time only or connects the past to the present. Check (✔) the correct column.

C. Underline the correct option to make the sentences.

1. We have been / went to San Diego last year.

2. they have had / had two vacations since Christmas.

3. i have been / went there many times when i was a child.

4. Have you been / Did you go to the museum yesterday?

5. She has been / was in Canada for six months. She comes back next week.

6. He has not been / was not here last week.






Unit 5Lesson 2: Moving around

prESEnT pErfECT ConTraCTIonS anD oTHEr USES of ’S

a. Match the full form with the correct contraction. Which one is noT used with the present perfect?

it has i’vewe have it’si have he’shas not we’vedid not hasn’tshe has didn’thave not they’vehe has she’sthey have haven’t

B.

a. Contraction of has b. Contraction of is c. Possessive ’s

1. Have you seen Judy’s car keys? c2. He’s been very busy. 3. What’s he doing at the moment? 4. My cousin’s occupation is a taxi driver. 5. Steve’s been to Alaska twice this year. 6. Kelly’s in Chihuahua right now visiting her friend. 7. i think he’s finished all his exams.

Look at these sentences with ’s. Write the letter of the correct meaning of each one.






Unit 5Lesson 3: Dos and don’ts

C. Underline the correct word to make sentences.

1. tourists should’nt / shouldn’t wear expensive jewelry.

2. You should to / should read about a place before you visit.

3. Your friend should visit / visits us in the summer.

4. He shoulds / should take his camera with him.

5. Should i to travel / travel by bus? 6. My advice is that should you / you

should drink lots of water.

SHould / SHouldn’t

a. Underline all the examples of the words should and shouldn’t in the text.

B.

1. a. We use should and shouldn’t to give advice. b. We use should and shouldn’t to express ability. 2. a. We use should + to and the verb. b. We use should + the verb (without to). 3. a. We add an s to the verb when the subject is he, she, it, or a noun. b. We use the same form of should for all subjects.

read these pairs of statements about should. Check (✔) the correct statement in each pair and put a cross (✘) next to the incorrect statement.






Unit 5Lesson 4: Tourists

HAd bEttER / ougHt to

a.

1. What do had better and ought to express? a) possibility b) advice/warning 2. Does the form of had better and ought to have an s? a) yes b) no3. What form is the verb after had better and ought to? a) base form b) past

B. put the words in the correct order to make sentences.

1. you / to / now / ought / ticket / buy / your You ought to buy your ticket now.2. ought / now / you / go / to 3. had / you / early / leave / better 4. ought / drink / to / of / lots / water / they 5. ought / she / tomorrow / leave / to 6. had / late / they / not / arrive / better 7. better / bus / we / first / take / the / had

Go to WB activities 7 and 8 for further practice (page 59).

Look at the sentences from Exercise 1B. Choose the correct answers to these questions.





Unit 6Lesson 1: It’s a celebration!

DIrECT anD InDIrECT oBJECT

a. Look at these rules for using direct and indirect objects. Write the number of the rule next to examples of the rule.

Rules:1. the indirect object (usually a person) comes first, followed

by the direct object.2. the direct object can come first, followed by the indirect

object with to or for.

Many people give their husband or wife a special card … you can send an anonymous card to someone … men buy flowers for women My boyfriend bought me twelve red roses … i wrote him a poem

B. Check (✔) the sentences that have the correct word order. put a cross (✘) next tothe ones that have the incorrect word order.

1. Could you lend $10 me? ✘

2. She gave to her sister a present. 3. they offered me a job. 4. i bought this for you. 5. Mr. Perez teaches mathematics me. 6. Can you buy me a soda? 7. i wrote to her an email. 8. Could you lend me your pen? 9. i sent to my girlfriend flowers.






Unit 6Lesson 2: Early birds and night owls

C. Complete the paragraph with the correct phrasal verb. i always wake up when my alarm clock in the morning. then i the radio and listen to some music for about 20 minutes. then i and

my clothes, eat my breakfast, and go to school. When i get there, i look for my friends and we talk. On weekends, i usually with my friends or

to my friend’s house, but i don’t usually very late.


pHraSaL vErBS

a.

1. wake 4. stay 7. put 2. get 5. turn 8. go to3. go out 6. goes

B. Match each phrasal verb in Exercise a with the correct meaning.

to start wearing to go from the house 3to stop sleeping to not return to your house to start electrical equipment to produce a sound (alarm) to visit (someone at home) to move from bed after sleeping

find these verbs in the text and write the word that follows.





Unit 6Lesson 3: Just another day at school

C. put the words in the correct order to make sentences. note: some can have two possible answers.

1. i / at / can / you / 3:00 / call / back / ? Can I call you back at 3:00?2. off / can / it / you / turn / ? 3. put / away / books / your 4. look / homework / can / at / you / my / ? 5. write / address / please / internet / the / down


pHraSaL vErBS WITH DIrECT oBJECTS

a.

pronoun in the middle pronoun at the end noun in the middle noun at the end

1 call her back call back her call Anne back call back Anne

2 write it down write down it write the number down write down the number

3 look it at look at it look the book at look at the book

4 give it back give back it give the book back give back the book

5 turn it off turn off it turn the light off turn off the light

6 put it away put away it put away the book put the book away

7 hand it in hand in it hand the book in hand in the book

Look at the forms of the phrasal verbs that are possible and not possible. What do you notice about the use of pronouns?

B. Write the number of the phrasal verbs in Exercise a next to the rules that apply.

the direct object (noun) can go in the middle or at the end. 1 2 the direct object (pronoun) can never go at the end. the direct object (pronoun or noun) always goes at the end.





Unit 6Lesson 4: Everyday technology

B. In pairs, look at the article again and write four comprehension questions about it.

1. 2. 3. 4.

C. ask another pair your questions. How quickly can they answer?


qUESTIon forMaTIon

a.

1. What year in did Apple launch the iPod?2. How have long cell phones been in existence?3. What kind of cell phone does you have?4. Did how much it cost?5. How long has you had your current cell phone?6. You know how to download music?7. What are your favorite website?8. Can you lend your phone me?

Each of these questions has a grammatical error. Correct the error in each one.




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