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HKU International Symposium for 3D Bio-printing and Biomaterials

27 – 28 October 2016

Seminar Rooms 1 & 2, G/F, Laboratory Block,

LKS Faculty of Medicine, 21 Sassoon Road,

Pokfulam, Hong Kong

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Program Rundown

Time Topic Speaker

27th Oct 2016 3D Bio-printing Session 1 (Moderator: Dr. Kevlin Yeung)

8:50am Opening Remarks Prof. Kenneth Cheung

(HKU)

9:00am Plenary Lecture 1: Design and 3D Fabrication of

Biomimetic Materials for Stem Cell-Based Tissue

Engineering and Regeneration (40 mins)

Prof. Rocky Tuan

(University of

Pittsburgh)

9:40am Plenary Lecture 2: The Micro/nano-Bioactive Glasses for

Bone and Teeth Tissue Engineering (40 mins)

Prof. Xiaofeng Chen

(SCUT)

10:20am Tea break

10:40am Keynote 1: Low-temperature 3D printing technique for

fabricating biodegradable composite materials with

bioactive elements (25 mins)

Prof. Ling Qin

(CUHK)

11:05am Keynote 2: Biodegradable Zn based alloys designed for

future orthopedic application (25 mins)

Prof. Yufeng Zheng

(PKU)

11:30am Keynote 3: Management of Larger Bone Defects Made

Easy: Combination of Biomaterials and Distraction

Osteogensis Techniques (25 mins)

Prof. Gang Li (CUHK)

11:55am Keynote 4: One-stop 3D printing solution for biomedical

innovations by HKPC (25 mins)

Ir Bryan So (HKPC)

12:20pm Keynote 5: 3D Printing of biomaterials from structure

design to multifunctional properties (25 mins)

Prof. Chengtie Wu

(CAS Shanghai

Institute)

1:00pm Lunch

3D Bio-printing Session 2 (Moderator: Dr. Christian Fang)

2:15pm Plenary Lecture 3: Biodegradable Polymer Scaffolds and

Biomimetic Matrices for Tissue Engineering Applications

(40 mins)

Prof. Chen Guoping

(NIMS)

2:55pm Keynote 6: Lumbar intervertebral disc allografting (25

mins)

Prof. William Lu

(HKU)

3:20pm Keynote 7: Experience of 3d printing technology for

management of post traumatic limb deformities (25 mins)

Dr. Christian Fang

(HKU)

3:45pm Tea break

4:15pm Keynote 8: Magnesium incorporated 3D Printed Scaffold

for Bone Regeneration (25 mins)

Dr. Kelvin Yeung

(HKU)

4:40pm Keynote 9: Functional biopolymeric hydrogels for

musculoskeletal tissue regeneration (25 mins)

Prof. Liming Bian

(CUHK)

5:05pm Keynote 10: Opportunity of 3D printing in sports medicine

(25 mins)

Dr. WP Yau (HKU)

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Time Topic Speaker

28th Oct 2016 Biomaterials Session (Moderator: Dr. Kelvin Yeung)

9:00am Plenary Lecture 4: Biomaterials for tendon/ligaments

regeneration (40 mins)

Prof. Hongwei Ouyang

(ZJU)

9:40am Keynote 11: Biomaterials for Translational Regenerative

Medicine (25 mins)

Prof. Xin Zhao (Xi’an

JTU)

10:05am Keynote 12: Construction of Drug and Ag Carrier System

on Ti Implants (25 mins)

Prof. Shuilin Wu

(Hubei University)

10:30am Tea break

10:50am Keynote 13: Alkaline biodegradable implants for

osteoporotic bone defects-importance (25 mins)

Dr. Xiaoli Zhao (CAS

SIAT)

11:15am Keynote 14: Annulus fibrosus regeneration: a multi-mode

mechanomodulation and layer-by-layer assembly based

strategy (25 mins)

Prof. Bin Li (Soochow

University, Suzhou)

11:40am Keynote 15: Bone tissue engineering and regenerative

medicine 2.0 --Paradigm shift from “Proof-of-concept” to

“Proof-of-value” (25 mins)

Prof. Zhiyong Zhang

(SJTU)

12:05am Closing remarks Dr. Kelvin Yeung

(HKU)

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Design and 3D Fabrication of Biomimetic Materials for Stem Cell-Based Tissue

Engineering and Regeneration

Rocky S. TUAN, PhD

Distinguished Professor and Director, Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering,

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine,

Pittsburgh, PA 15219

Abstract: Degenerative joint diseases, the most prevalent cause of physical disabilities, affect

up to 15% of the population, particularly the elderly. In osteoarthritis, the low, intrinsic

reparative capacity of cartilage is a clinical challenge to effective treatment. Current treatments,

such as anti-inflammatory drugs, are only able to provide short-term pain relief. Total joint

arthroplasty remains the only effective procedure, but is ultimately limited by the finite life

expectancy of the implant. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, an emerging

scientific discipline encompassing translational application of cells, scaffolds, and biological

signals, is a potentially promising approach to repair damaged/diseased tissues to restore joint

function and mobility. Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), from tissue sources such as

bone marrow, adipose, and skeletal muscle, exhibit multi-lineage mesenchymal differentiation

potential, including chondrogenesis, and are considered a promising candidate cell type for

cartilage repair. A critical component to successful cell-based cartilage tissue engineering is a

biocompatible biomaterial cell-carrier scaffold that ideally also enhances proliferation and

differentiation of the seeded cells. We have previously shown that electrospun biomimetic

scaffolds that simulate the structure of native extracellular matrix, e.g., the nanoscalar fibrous

nature of collagen, are effective in MSC-based skeletal tissue engineering, both in vitro and in

vivo. We have recently custom-designed 3D-printed, photocrosslinked hydrogel scaffolds

derived from natural and synthetic polymers, to achieve live cell encapsulation during

fabrication, with high fidelity tissue infrastructure reproduction and excellent cell retention,

viability, and differentiation, and generated robust cartilage and bone tissue constructs.

Bioactivation of these biomimetic scaffolds by incorporating biologically targeted gene

constructs results in transduction of both exogenous and endogenous host cells. These

constructs may also be formed in situ, serving to both deliver cells and create custom-designed

shapes for joint cartilage re-surfacing, potentially amenable to minimally invasive, arthroscopic

procedures. Most recently, we have applied 3D-printing approach and a custom-designed

microbioreactor to fabricate an MSC-derived microtissue analogue of the biphasic

osteochondral junction of the articular joint, demonstrating functional biological crosstalk

between the chondral/osseous components. This osteochondral microphysiological system is

currently being used to model the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, e.g., exposure to pro-

inflammatory agents, and to study biological, hormonal, pharmacological, and mechanical

influences, including exposure to microgravity, on osteochondral health. Adult stem cells, with

their multi-differentiation potential and their recently discovered trophic activities, in

combination with biomimetic scaffolds, present a powerful platform for regenerative,

therapeutic, and disease modeling applications in biomedicine.

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ROCKY S. TUAN, PHD DISTINGUISHED PROFESSOR

DIRECTOR, CENTER FOR CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR ENGINEERING

ARTHUR J. ROONEY, SR. CHAIR PROFESSOR OF SPORTS MEDICINE,

DEPARTMENT OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY

DIRECTOR, CENTER FOR MILITARY MEDICINE RESEARCH

ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR, MCGOWAN INSTITUTE FOR REGENERATIVE MEDICINE

PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENTS OF BIOENGINEERING, AND

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS SCIENCE

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA

Dr. Tuan (Ph.D., Rockefeller University; postdoctoral fellowship, Harvard Medical School)

was a professor at the University of Pennsylvania and Thomas Jefferson University, before he

was recruited to the NIH (NIAMS) as Chief of the newly created Cartilage Biology and

Orthopedics Branch in 2001. In 2009, he joined the University of Pittsburgh as Founding

Director, Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, and Arthur J. Rooney, Sr. Chair and

Professor and Executive Vice Chair, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, and Professor in the

Department of Bioengineering. Currently, Dr. Tuan is the editor of the developmental biology

journal BDRC: Embryo Today, and founding editor-in-chief of Stem Cell Research and

Therapy. Dr. Tuan was the recipient of the Marshal Urist Award for Excellence in Tissue

Regeneration Research in 2004. Since 2010, Dr. Tuan has served as Co-Director of the U.S.

Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative Medicine, a multi-institutional consortium focused on

developing regenerative therapies for battlefield injuries. In 2012, he became the Founding

Director of the Center for Military Medicine Research and Associate Director of the McGowan

Institute for Regenerative Medicine. In addition, Dr. Tuan was appointed a Distinguished

Professor in 2014, and received the Chancellor’s Distinguished Research Award in 2015, and

the Clemson Award and Carnegie Science Award in Life Sciences in 2016. An author of more

than 450 research publications (>34,000 citations), Dr. Tuan directs a multidisciplinary

research program focusing on the development, growth, function, and health of the

musculoskeletal system, the biology of adult stem cells, 3D scaffold development, and the

utilization of this knowledge to develop stem cell- and smart biomaterial-based technologies

that regenerate and/or restore function to diseased and damaged musculoskeletal tissues.

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The Micro/nano-Bioactive Glasses for Bone and Teeth Tissue Engineering

Xiaofeng CHEN

1. National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction

(NERCTRR)

2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering,

South China University of Technology

Guangzhou P.R. China, 510640

chenxf@scut.edu.cn

Abstract: In the past few decades, various bioactive glasses (BGs) for bone and teeth

restoration have been developed, including the melt-derived BGs and sol-gel BGs. However,

for the melt-derived BG prepared under high temperature conditions, it is difficult to control

the microstructure, and the materials has relatively low degradation rate. The sol-gel BG have

made improvement with many advantages including mild processing conditions, controllable

composition, high bioactivity and degradability, however, some problems are still unsolved,

such as the severe agglomeration, and uncontrolled particle size, which would weaken their

bioactivity and physicochemical properties when used for tissue regeneration and tissue

engineering.

Due to the unique micro/nano-structure, human natural tissues show the absolute advantages

of biological function when compared with the traditional synthetic materials. These remind

us to synthetize the novel micro/nano-BG (MNBG) with controlled micro-morphology,

structure and particle size. In recent years, our group have done some efforts and focused on

the preparation, properties and potential applications of MNBG. These studies showed that

introducing surfactants which act as templates into sol-gel process was an effective approach

to synthetize MNBG with controlled shape, structure and size. The cell experiment showed

that Si and Ca ions, released from MNBG particles, promote the expression of Runx 2 by

MAPK pathway, including ERK and p38 pathway. ALP, OCN and other bone related genes

and proteins are increased. The micro/nano bioactive glass that we developed, can be

considered as a new candidate of bone repair materials which possess excellent gene activation

properties.

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Chen Xiaofeng is professor and Chairman of Department of Biomedical

Engineering of South China University of Technology(SCUT), and vice

director of National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration

and Reconstruction (NERCTRR), China. He is Fellow of Biomaterials

Science and Engineering (FBSE), International Union of Society of

Biomaterials Science and Engineering; Executive member of Chinese

Society for Biomaterials; Secretary-general of Biomaterials Branch,

Chinese Society of Biomedical Engineering.

Professor Chen has engaged in research on the bioactive materials for dental and orthopedic

applications since 1988, such as: bioactive glasses, bioceramics and their composites with

biomedical polymers. In recent years, his research directions have focused on: 1. Preparation

and characterization of structure and properties of micro- and nano-bioactive glasses with

function of the gene activation; 2. New type biomaterials and tissue engineering scaffolds for

bone, teeth, cartilage and skin restoration; 2. Mechanism of bone tissue regeneration and

restoration of the micro- and nano-biomaterials by activating osteo-genes through certain signal

pathways. He has published more than 170 papers and been authorized 20 pieces of invention

patent of China.

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Low-temperature 3D Printing Technique for Fabricating Biodegradable Composite

Materials with Bioactive Elements

QIN Ling, Ph.D.

Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) printers can create complex structures based on digital

models. Based on microCT data, we are able to design the interconnected porous scaffold

materials for 3D printing. Tissue engineering principle can also be realized but it is stall away

from clinical applications. Our current approach in translational roadmap is aiming at acellular

concept by integrating especially exogenous growth factors from herbal and mineral sources

using a unique low-temperature 3D machine. Apart from in vitro studies, the prove-of-concept

studies are clinical disease-orientated by establishing relevant experimental models, such as

steroid-associated osteonecrosis (SAON). In fact, SAON may lead to joint collapse and

subsequent joint replacement. Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid/ tricalcium phosphate (P/T) scaffold

providing sustained release of icaritin (a metabolite of Epimedium-derived flavonoids) was

investigated as a bone defect filler after surgical core-decompression (CD) to prevent femoral

head collapse in both quadrupedal or even more relevant in bipedal animal models, such as

SAON animal model using emu (a large flightless bird). In conclusion, both efficacy and

mechanistic studies show the potential of a bioactive composite porous P/T scaffold

incorporating icaritin to enhance bone defect repair after surgical CD and prevent femoral head

collapse in a bipedal SAON emu model.

Now there are a number of commercial available ‘bio-printing’ 3D devices with different

specifications for our R&D. Before “tissue from printer” can be widely applied, further R&D

on improving and optimizing printing techniques and biomaterials, identifying potential

growth factors from external sources and knowledge on the development of printed constructs

into living tissues will be essential for future clinical use. A functional restoration in skeletal

tissue regeneration is also rely on consistent mechanical stimuli for making 3D constructs and

their biointegration after its implantation into bone defects.

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Professor QIN Ling, Ph.D.

Professor and Director

Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory

Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology

The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Email: lingqin@cuhk.edu.hk

Dr. Qin is Professor and Director of Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory in the Department

of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, the Chinese University of Hong Kong

(www.ort.cuhk.edu.hk). Dr. Qin also holds joint professorship in Shenzhen Institutes of

Advance Technology (SIAT) of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and serves Director of

the Translational Medicine Research & Development Center of Institute of Biomedical &

Health Engineering of SIAT (www.siat.cas.cn). He received his B.Ed and M.Ed. in sports

medical sciences at the Beijing University of Physical Education in China, and his Ph.D. at the

Institute of Experimental Morphology at the German Sports University, Cologne, Germany

and postdoc in AO-Research Institute, Davos, Switzerland. Dr. Qin was research scientist in

the Department of Trauma & Reconstructive Surgery, University Clinic Rudolf Virchow, Free

University Berlin (now known as Charite Medical University), Germany, before joining

CUHK in late 1994.

Dr. Qin has been working on advanced diagnosis, prevention and treatment of bone metabolic

disorders, especially osteoporosis and osteonecrosis, in collaboration with research and clinical

scientists in medicine, geriatrics, rheumatologists, traditional medicine, and biomaterials. Dr.

Qin is the past President of the International Chinese Musculoskeletal Research Society

(ICMRS) (www.icmrs.net) and member of a number of journal editorial boards, including

Editor-in-chief of Journal of Orthopaedic Translation (http://ees.elsevier.com/jot); Associate

Editor of Clinical Biomechanics and Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery; editorial

member of a number of international journals, including Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

(www.jbmr.org) and International Journal of Sports Medicine

(http://www.thieme.de/sportsmed). He holds memberships in several international and

national orthopaedic and related research organizations, including collage fellow of American

Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering (http://www.aimbe.org). As Principle

Investigator, Dr. Qin has received over 30 competitive research grants (including CRF, GRF,

ITF, HMRF, NSFC-RGC, and EU-NSFC, 12.5 and 13.5 Key R&D projects of the MOST) and

over 30 research awards. Dr. Qin also holds 9 new invention or new utility patents.

Dr. Qin published 9 monographs as editor or associate editor, 5 conference proceedings, 80

book chapters, over 400 journal papers in English, German, and Chinese, including 300 SCI

articles published in Nat Med, JBMR, Osteoporosis Int, Bone, A&R, Biomaterials, Acta

Biomaterialia, Am J Sports Med, Int J Sports Med, etc. with citation >6500 and a H-index of

44.

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Biodegradable Zn Based Alloys Designed for Future Orthopedic Application

Y.F. ZHENG

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking

University, Beijing 100871, China

Abstract: In order to evaluate the feasibility of zinc alloys as future biodegradable bone

implant materials, the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, hemocompatibility, cell

activity, proliferation and adhesion, in vivo animal implantation experiments have been

employed. The experimental results show that the alloying element magnesium, calcium and

strontium can significantly improve the mechanical properties of zinc alloys, and further

deformation processes can further improve the mechanical properties of zinc alloys. Alloying

elements can effectively control the corrosion rates of zinc alloys, adding magnesium, calcium

and strontium elements can speed up the corrosion rate compared with the pure zinc alloy. The

corrosion rates of zinc alloys are between the rates of magnesium and magnesium alloys and

iron and iron alloys, which is more in line with the clinical demand. After being soaked in

Hank’s simulated body fluid, zinc and zinc alloys still remain the excellent mechanical

properties, thus effectively avoid the problem of fast mechanical loss resulted from fast

degradation of magnesium and magnesium alloys. Zinc and zinc alloys exhibit excellent

hemocompatibility and the hemolysis rate is far lower than 5%. Less platelets adhered on the

zinc and zinc alloy surfaces and the morphology of platelets maintained a healthy form at the

same time, mostly spherical, without antenna or pseudopod extending. After adding alloying

elements Mg, Ca and Sr, MG63 and ECV304 cell proliferation rate and activity increased

significantly, while for VSMC cell, the influence of alloying elements effect is not obvious.

Zinc alloy intramedullary pins can effectively promote the new bone formation, and after 2

months implanted in mice femur, they still maintained a relatively complete structure,

indicating that they are able to provide enough mechanical strength and thus more conducive

to bone tissue repair and healing.

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Dr. Yufeng Zheng, received his Ph.D in materials science from

Harbin Institute of Technology, China in 1998. From 1998 to 2004

he was Assistant Professor (1998-2000), Associate Professor

(2000-2003), Full Professor (2003-2004) at Harbin Institute of

Technology, China and since 2004 he has been a Full Professor at

the Peking University in Beijing, China. Dr. Zheng has authored or

co-authored over 300 scientific peer-reviewed articles, with the

citation of over 7500 times, and a H-index of 42

(http://www.researcherid.com/rid/A-4146-2010). He served as the

Editor-in-Chief of Bioactive Materials (http://www.keaipublishing.com/en/journals/bioactive-

materials/ ), Editor of “Materials Letters” (www.journals.elsevier.com/materials-letters),

Member of the editorial board of the Journal of Biomedical Materials Research-Part B: Applied

Biomaterials (Wiley), “Journal of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering” (American Scientific

Publishers), “Intermetallics” (Elsevier), “Journal of Materials Science & Technology”

(Elsevier), “Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters)” (Springer) and Journal of Orthopaedic

Translation (Elsevier). His areas of special interest include the development of various new

biomedical metallic materials (biodegradable Mg, Fe and Zn based alloys, beta-Ti alloys with

low elastic modulus, bulk metallic glass, ultra-fine grained metallic materials, etc). Dr. Zheng

has received several awards including New Century Excellent Talents in University awarded

by MOE of China (2007) and Distinguished Young Scholars awarded by NSFC (2012).

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Management of Larger Bone Defects Made Easy: Combination of Biomaterials and

Distraction Osteogensis Techniques

Gang LI, MBBS, DPhil (Oxon)

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,

Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong. Contact: E-mail: gangli@cuhk.edu.hk;

Website: www.ganglilab.com

Abstract: Introduction: Distraction osteogenesis (DO) techniques have been widely accepted

and practiced in orthopaedics, traumatology, and craniofacial surgery over the last two decades,

using DO methods, many previously untreatable conditions have been successfully managed

with outstanding clinical outcomes. The major limitation of DO is relatively long period

required for new bone consolidation. Here, we investigated whether the application of

biomaterials, including polycaprolactone (PCL) and hydroxyapatite (HA) cylinder or

composite microspheres could be used to reduce the treatment time and enhance bone

formation in DO.

Study 1: A 1.0cm tibial shaft was removed in the left tibia of 36 rabbits and divided into three

groups: Group A, the defect gap shortened for 1.0-cm; Group B, the defect gap was filled with

1.0-cm porous hydroxyapatite/tri-calcium phosphates (HA/TCP) cylindrical block; Group C,

The 1.0-cm defect gap was reduced 0.5cm and the remaining 0.5-cm defect gap was filled with

0.5-cm HA/TCP block. The tibia was then fixed with unilateral lengthener; for groups A and

C, lengthening started 7 days after surgery at a rate of 1.0 mm/day, in two steps. Group A

received lengthening for 10 days and Group C for 5 days, there was no lengthening for Group

B. All animals were terminated at day 37 following surgery. The excised bone specimens

were subject to micro-CT, mechanical testing and histological examinations. Results: Bone

mineral density and content and tissue mineral density and content, as well as the mechanical

properties of the regenerates were significantly higher in Group C compared to Groups A and

B. Micro CT and histological examinations also confirmed that the regenerates in Group C

had most advanced bone formation, consolidation and remodeling compared to other groups.

Study 2: Pure PCL microspheres and composite PCL and 10% HA microspheres were

synthesized using a modified solvent evaporation method. Bone mesenchymal stem cells

isolated from green fluorescent protein rats (GFP-rBMSCs) were cultured with these

microspheres in a rotary bioreactor system. The formation of the microstructures was

confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We confirmed that PCL/HA promotes

osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs in vitro. To investigate the effects of addition

biomaterials on bone consolidation during DO process, PCL/HA (20 mg), PCL (20 mg), or

PBS were then locally administered into the distraction gap in Sprague-Dawley male rat DO

model towards to the end of distraction period and animals were allowed for bone consolidation

for 4 weeks after the distraction completed and then terminated. Weekly x-rays, micro-

computed tomography, mechanical testing, histology, and immunohistochemical examinations

were performed to assess the quality of the newly bone. Results: The microspheres used were

of the uniform size and monodisperse. After incubation with rBMSCs in culture, PCL/HA

microspheres showed a better ability of cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation comparing

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to PCL microspheres. In the rat DO model, the bone volume/total tissue volume, bone mineral

density, and mechanical properties of the newly formed bone were significantly higher in the

PCL/HA group compared to the PCL and PBS groups. Histological and immunohistochemical

analyses confirmed improved bone formation and vascularization in the PCL/HA group.

Conclusions: The combined use of biomaterials such as HA/TCP blocks or PCL/HA composite

microspheres in distraction osteogenesis is a novel approach for promoting bone regeneration

and consolidation in DO treatment, reducing the treatment time, pain and suffer of the patients.

Prof. Li Gang received his MBBS degree from the 4th Military Medical

University, Xian, China (1985-1991). In 1997, he received D.Phil. degree

from University of Oxford Medical School. After post-doctoral training at

the MRC Bone Research Laboratory in the University of Oxford, he took

up a lectureship (1998), Senior Lectureship (2001) and Readership (2004)

in the School of Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, UK. Dr. Li is

currently a Professor at the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology,

The Chinese University of Hong Kong (2009-). His main research

interests are on biological mechanisms of distraction osteogenesis,

fracture healing, musculoskeletal tissue regeneration with emphasis on stem cell biology, tissue

engineering and clinical applications. He has published more than 150 peer-reviewed SCI

articles, 15 book chapters, edited 3 books on tissue engineering, distraction histogenesis, leg-

lengthening and Ilizarov techniques. He has been invited to give keynote lectures in more than

30 countries including USA, UK, Russia, many European countries, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, etc.

Prof. Li serves as an associate editor of Journal of Orthopaedic Translation; member of editorial

board of Calcified Tissue International (2004-now); etc. He is an active member of American

Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR), American Orthopaedic Research Society

(ORS), International Society for Cell Therapy (ISCT), and International Chinese

Musculoskeletal Research Society (ICMRS). He served as Honorary Treasurer of British

Orthopaedic Research Society (2004-2006), Member of Program Committee of ORS (2006-

2007) and currently is Chairman of China Branch, International Limb Lengthening and

Reconstruction Societies (ILLRS) and Association from Study and Application of the Methods

of Ilizarov (ASAMI); a council member of Chinese Orthopaedic Research Society, Chinese

Medical Association; council member of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Society, Chinese Association of Biomedical Engineering. Prof. Li holds honorary

Professorship at Sichuan University, China; Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,

China; Shanxi Medical University, China; China Medical University; South-East University

Medical School, China; The Forth Military Medical University, China; Guangdong Medical

College, China, Jilin University, China.

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One-stop 3D Printing Solution for Biomedical Innovations by HKPC

Bryan SO

The presentation by Ir Bryan SO, Principal Consultant on Biomedical, Optical and Precision

Engineering of HKPC, will highlight the biomedical projects and inventions that employed the

3D printing technology in HKPC.

Abstract: HKPC is a semi-government organization in Hong Kong, offers 3D printing one-

stop solution to a wide spectrum of industry and professional sectors. With the 1st rapid

prototyping technology center established in 1995, HKPC provides one-stop consultancy

services on product development through 3D scanning, computer aided design (CAD),

computer aided engineering (CAE), 3D printing, as well as other bureau services including PU

duplication through silicone molding, small batch production through quick molding, opto-

mechatronics design, precision machining towards compliance testing. With also the expertise

in medical device quality management systems (e.g. GMP, ISO13485) and regulatory affairs,

the biomedical engineering team in HKPC supports researchers, medical specialists and

industrialists in design verification and validation through clinical trials support as a contract

research organization, pre-market clearance (e.g. USFDA 510(k)) and submissions to

regulatory authorities through their consultancy support services, leveraging the unique role of

HKPC as the Secretariat of the Asian Harmonization Working Party (AHWP), with the

objective to harmonize the medical device regulatory requirements in Asia and amongst the 26

member economies.

As a technology development & technology transfer agent in Hong Kong, HKPC owns

patented technologies in various medical sub-specialties, including dentistry, orthopedics,

dermatology, surgery, etc. With the new 3D printing center namely “3D Printing One”

officially opened by the Chief Executive of the HKSAR government in August 2015, HKPC

has further strengthened the 3D printing facilities and supports to the industry and professional

sectors on innovative design and new technology development. This presentation will highlight

the solutions available in 3D Printing One, with case sharing on the biomedical projects and

technology inventions that applied 3D printing technology in HKPC.

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Ir Bryan SO is the Principal Consultant of Biomedical, Optical &

Precision Engineering Unit of the Hong Kong Productivity Council

(HKPC), responsible for business & technology development on

biomedical applied research, medical device regulatory affairs, quality

management systems, opto-mechatronic systems, biomedical 3D

printing & CAD/CAM, Bryan is a pioneer in biomedical technology

development & leading investigator of government funded projects on

biomedical R&D & industry best practices, covering projects on

ISO14971 Risk Management for Medical Devices, Medical Device

Good Distribution Practices; professional upgrade on Biomedical

Engineering, Paediatric Dermatology, Optical Engineering; R&D on Dental CAD/CAM

system, Artificial Finger Joint, Liquid Silicone Rubber Technology, Bio-Optics for

Dermatology, Laparoscopic Surgery, etc. As an expert in medical device regulations, Bryan

has developed the local pilot schemes of medical device risk management system & medical

device good distribution practice, and authored the manuals for the two pilot schemes. Bryan

has won recognitions & awards in professional engineering community, including the grand

prize winner of HKIE Young Engineer of the Year Award, HKIE Innovation Awards for

Young Members, HKPC Award for Distinguish Achievement. Bryan serves as Honorary

Secretary of the Biomedical Division of HKIE, Executive Committee of IEEE EMBS HK

Macau Joint Chapter, Executive Deputy Secretary General of Asian Harmonization Working

Party (AHWP) on harmonization of medical device regulatory, Adjunct Associate Professor in

Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering in the Hong Kong Polytechnic

University.

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3D Printing of Biomaterials from Structure Design to Multifunctional Properties

Chengtie WU

Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai

200050, China. Email: chengtiewu@mail.sic.ac.cn (C.Wu)

Abstract: For therapy and regeneration of tissue defects resulting from malignant bone/skin

disease, it is of great importance to develop multifunctional biomaterials for tumor therapy and

regeneration. Conventional biomaterials always lack multifunctional properties, limiting their

application for treating and repairing bone disease (e.g. bone tumors)-initiated defects. How to

design and prepare bioscaffolds with favorable microenvironments for disease therapy and

tissue regeneration is one of interesting topics in the fields of biomaterials and tissue

engineering. We developed several strategies, including harnessing nutrient elements,

biomimetic structure and functional interface as well as thermo-therapy to construct

multifunctional scaffolds by 3D-Pringting method for therapy and regeneration of bone and

skin tissues. It is interesting to find that both nutrient elements and biomimetic structure of the

printed bioscaffolds have important effect on the stimulation of osteogenesis and angiogenesis

of stem cells, and thermotherapy plays an important role to treating tumors. Therefore, we put

forward new concept that 3D-Printed bioscaffolds combined tissue therapy and regeneration

could be a new direction of bone tissue engineering.

Prof. Chengtie Wu is now working in Shanghai Institute of

Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SIC, CAS). He

completed his Ph.D in 2006, and then he worked in the

University of Sydney, Dresden University of Technology,

Germany and Queensland University of Technology where

he was awarded Vice-Chancellor Research Fellow, APDI

Fellow and Alexander von Humboldt Fellow. In 2012, Dr

Wu has been recruited to work in SIC, CAS, as One-

Hundred Talent Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Then he was awarded Recruitment

Program of Global Young Experts of China (One-Thousand Young Talent Program), Shanghai

Pujiang Talent Program and Shanghai Outstanding Academic Leaders. Prof Wu’s research

focuses on bioactive inorganic materials for bone tissue engineering. Up to now, Prof Wu has

published more than 150 SCI peer-review journal papers, including Mater Today, Adv Funct

Mater, Biomaterials, Chem Sci, Adv Mater Interface, Small, J Control Release, Acta Biomater,

Carbon, J Mater Chem, ACS Appl Mater& Interface, Bone, Tissue Eng. etc. The papers have

been cited more than 3600 times, H Index 36 via SCI, Web of Science. Prof Wu has been

awarded 16 patents, in which 3 of them have been transferred to companies.

17

Biodegradable Polymer Scaffolds and Biomimetic Matrices for Tissue Engineering

Applications

Guoping CHEN1, 2

1 International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials

Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan

2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Pure and Applied

Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan

*E-mail: Guoping.Chen@nims.go.jp

Abstract: Tissue engineering has been developed as a promising approach in treating diseases

and injuries by combining cells, biomaterial scaffolds and biologically active molecules. Many

engineered tissues and organs such as skin and cartilage have been used for clinical applications.

Biomaterials and scaffolds play an important role in tissue engineering by providing necessary

interim support for cell adhesion, proliferation and phenotypic differentiation; offering

biochemical and biophysical cues to modulate the new tissue formation. A number of scaffolds

and biomimetic biomaterials have been prepared from biodegradable polymers and

extracellular matrices to mimic the in vivo nano- and micro-environments surrounding cells.

This lecture will highlight the latest progress, future trends and challenges of scaffolds and

biomimetic matrices by focusing on a few typical scaffolds such as micropatterned scaffolds,

hybrid scaffolds of biodegradable synthetic polymers and naturally derived polymers and

biomimetic ECM scaffolds. The micropatterned scaffolds can be prepared by using ice

particulates as a template. They have a unique pore structure with open pores on the top surface

and interconnected inner bulk small pores within the matrix. The hybrid scaffolds can be

prepared by forming collagen sponge or microsponge in the openings of porous skeletons of

mechanically strong synthetic polymers. The hybrid scaffolds have the advantages of both

types of polymers. Biomimetic ECM scaffolds can be prepared by 3D culture of cells in a

template that can be selectively removed after cell culture. Autologous ECM scaffolds can be

prepared by this method. Autologous ECM scaffolds have excellent biocompatibility and

minimize host response for implantation. These scaffolds and matrices have been widely used

for tissue engineering and controlling stem cell differentiation.

References:

1.Acta Biomaterialia, 35, 185-193 (2016). 2.Biomaterials, 73, 23-31 (2015). 3.Biomaterials,

52, 199-207 (2015). 4.Acta Biomaterialia, 10, 2005-2013 (2014). 5.Biomaterials, 34(31),

7632-7644 (2013). 6.Advanced Materials, 24, 4311-6 (2012). 7.Biomaterials, 33, 6140-6146

(2012). 8.Biomaterials, 33, 2025-31 (2012). 9.Biomaterials, 32, 2489-2499 (2011).

10.Biomaterials, 32, 9658-9666 (2011). 11.Advanced Materials, 22, 3042-3047 (2010).

12.Biomaterials, 31, 2141-2152 (2010).

18

Dr. Guoping Chen

Principal Investigator and Field Coordinator

Nano-Life Field

International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics

National Institute for Materials Science, Japan

Dr. Guoping Chen received his Ph.D. from Kyoto University in 1997 majoring in

Biomaterials and did postdoctoral research until 2000. He became a researcher in 2000 and a

senior researcher in 2003 at Tissue Engineering Research Center, National Institute for

Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan. He moved to Biomaterials Center,

National Institute for Materials Science as a senior researcher in 2004 and was promoted to

group leader in January, 2007. He was Principal Investigator and Unit Director of Tissue

Regeneration Materials Unit from April, 2011 to March, 2015. He holds current position since

April, 2015. He is also a Professor of Joint Doctoral Program in Materials Science and

Engineering, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba. His

research interests include tissue engineering, polymeric porous scaffolds, nonabiomaterials,

biomimetic biomaterials, nano/micro-patterning and surface modification. He has authored

more than 260 publications and holds 17 issued patents. He has given more than 140 invited

lectures at conferences. He is an Associate Editor of Journal of Materials Chemistry B; an

Editor of Science China Chemistry and Editorial Boards of Journal of Bioactive and

Compatible Polymers and Tissue Engineering (Parts A, B and C). He has received several

awards such as Young Scientist Award from Japanese Society for Biomaterials in 2001,

Original Award from Japanese Society of Artificial Organs in 2002, Tsukuba Award of

Chemical and Bio-Technology from Tsukuba Foundation for Chemical and Bio-Technology

in 2005, Best Research and Collaboration Award in 2010 and Best Presentation Award in 2012

from the Science Academy of Tsukuba in 2012. He was selected as a Fellow of the Royal

Society of Chemistry in 2015.

19

Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Allografting

Yong-Can Huang, Jun Xiao, Victor YL Leung, William Lu, Keith DK Luk

Abstract: Our preliminary study in humans indicated that whole fresh-frozen intervertebral

disc (IVD) transplantation may be an effective treatment for disc degenerative diseases, but

signs of degenerative changes in the allograft were noted after the transplantation. The

underlying mechanisms are not fully understood and remain a series of ongoing research in

large animal model. Because of the ethically and economically accessible issues as well as the

anatomical similarity with human disc, the goats were used to develop reliable surgical

approaches for lumbar spine exposure and allograft disc transplantation. Out of 14 male goats,

3 goats were used in a pilot study of different surgical approaches for lumbar spine exposure

and as IVD donors; the remaining 11 goats were used as allograft recipients. Radiographs were

used to monitor the stability and healing of the grafts on day 0 and one month post

transplantation, respectively. Compared with the retroperitoneal ‘trans-psoas muscle’ approach

and the ‘post-psoas muscle’ approach with longitudinal skin incision, the ‘post-psoas muscle’

approach with transverse skin incision is the superior choice for the transplantation because of

the broader surgical view and integrity of the psoas muscle. Preservation of the anterior

longitudinal ligament and appropriate portion of the annulus fibrosus at the recipient site was

crucial for satisfactory transplantation. In addition, a slightly reduced height of the disc

allografts compared to that of the recipient slot may largely facilitate the transplantation owing

to decreased incidents of dislodgement and endplate fracture. With the optimized approach, the

IVD allograft can be steadily transplanted into the lumbar spine and matched well in goats.

20

Professor Lu obtained his PhD degree in biomechanics in 1994 from

the University of Waterloo, Canada, receiving the Distinguished

Graduate Award. The following year he joined HKU and established

the Orthopaedic Research Centre in the Department of Orthopaedics

& Traumatology. As director of the Centre since its founding, he has

made significant research contributions in the fields of biomechanics,

biomaterials, bio-nanotechnology, and applied clinical bioengineering.

Today, he is the Ng Chun-Man Endowed Professor in Orthopaedic

Bioengineering, and is widely acknowledged as one of the top 1% of

scholars (2009-2015) according to ISI's Essential Science Indicators.

He has been invited to hold honorary and visiting professor positions

in internationally recognised universities and has conducted open

lectures in more than 50 universities, including the Department of Bioengineering at Columbia

University, the Department of Orthopaedics at Harvard Medical School, and the Biomedical

Engineering and Research Center at the University of British Columbia. Professor Lu has a long

track record of successful research fundraising for both basic and applied research, totaling over

US$9M from major funding bodies in Hong Kong and mainland China. His research has led to

numerous patents and startup companies, as well as over 240 peer-reviewed publications with

>6000 citations and an H-index of 43.

Professor Lu has been nominated to serve as international conference chairman and conference

committee member on more than 50 occasions. Recently he served as the chair of the 26th

Interdisciplinary Conference on Injectable Osteoarticular Biomaterials and related Bone Repair

procedures (GRIBOI 2016), held in Shenzhen, China, an organization with members from over

50 countries. This conference provided an “East-Meets-West” environment for experts from

across disciplines of the world to share cutting-edge insights into the future of the biomaterials

and clinical applications.

Professor Lu was a Founding Member and the Chairman of Hong Kong BME Division,

(Honorary Secretary, 96-98, committee member 2008-2010, and Chairman 2010-2011) of The

Hong Kong Institute of Engineers, and is also a co-convener of the BME-Nanotechnology

Strategic Research Theme at HKU. He has developed wide collaborations with universities and

research institutes throughout China, including the Peking Union Medical College Hospital,

the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), the Chinese Academy of Science,

Beijing University, and Shanghai Jiaotong University. In 2012, he established the Research

Center of Human Tissue and Organ Degeneration at SIAT with the Chinese Academy of

Science. This research center was greatly expanded two years later, becoming the Institute of

Biotechnology and Biomedicine and including over 45 PI, mostly recruited from overseas.

Professor Lu is also a scientific advisor for medical device companies, including one of the

leading orthopaedic device company in China, Weigao Orthopedic Device Co., Ltd.

吕维加，香港大学骨科学系伍振民基金教授

E-Mail: wwlu@hku.hk Website: http://hub.hku.hk/rp/rp00411/

21

Experience of 3D Printing Technology for Management of Post Traumatic Limb

Deformities

Christian FANG

Abstract: We all agree that 3D printing technology has numerous potential applications in the

healthcare and biomedical science field. While many applications are still awaiting fruition as

budding research projects, the technology is relatively mature and clinically applicable for the

management of complex limb deformities. Under the concept of pre-operative 3d navigation,

the technology is used in pre-operative planning, surgical simulation, implant templating and

execution of surgical steps. We explore how 3d printing technology has been applied in daily

clinical use in Queen Mary Hospital. We will look at the outcomes of some patients who has

already benefited from the technology.

Christian Fang is the assistant professor and honorary associate consultant

at the University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital and the University

of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital. His clinical practice, research and

publications focus on trauma surgery, osteoporotic fractures, polytrauma,

pelvic and acetabular fractures. He holds the Harry Fang gold medal award

from the Hong Kong College of Orthopaedic Surgeons. He is a regional

committee of the AO (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen)

Foundation and has numerous teaching experience in international

educational events for orthopaedic trauma surgery. He is well travelled and

has received overseas training in Germany, Switzerland, China, Singapore,

the United Kingdom and Australia.

22

3D Engineered Magnesium Biodegradable Scaffold for Segmental Bone Defect

Treatment

Jie Shen 1, Hoi Man Wong 1, Frankie K L Leung 1, 2, Kenneth M C Cheung 1, Kelvin W K Yeung

1, 2

1 Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam,

Hong Kong, China

2 Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic Trauma, The

University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, 1 Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian Distract, Shenzhen,

China

Abstract: Three-dimensional printing has driven a lot of technology advancements for

regenerative medicine in particular to organ transplantation and tissue repair [1, 2]. The

advanced 3D bio-printer has enabled a variety of choices of biomaterials, cell types,

biomolecules and other supporting factors to build a complicated and functional 3D structure

[3, 4]. In fact, the 3D-printed bone tissue scaffolds may utilize to regenerate bony tissues in

patients suffering with segmental bone defect and the success of surgery depends on the

osteogenicity, mechanical properties and the ability of revascularization of 3D printed scaffolds

[5-7]. Our previous work demonstrated that appropriate amount of magnesium ions (i.e. 50-

100ppm) could significantly stimulate new bone formation locally [8]. In this study, 3D bone

scaffolds comprising biodegradable polymer polycaprolactone (PCL) and magnesium oxide

(MgO) nano-particles have been developed by using our 3D bio-printer. The PCL/MgO hybrid

scaffolds were surgically implanted in the rats with critical size bone defect for 2 months. Bone

growth was monitored and quantified by X-ray and micro-CT up to 2 months, respectively.

The results suggested that a larger amount of new bone formation was found on the hybrid

scaffold as compared with pure PCL scaffold control. We believe that this osteogenic and cell-

free scaffold is able to stimulate bone regeneration without the aid of implanted cells and

growth factors. In summary, the current results have proposed that this economical and easily

fabricated bio-scaffold may potentially apply in segmental bone defect treatment when the 3D

microstructure and magnesium ion concertation are properly designed.

Reference

1. Susmita Bose, Sahar Vahabzadeh, et al. (2013) Materials Today 2013, 16(12): 496-504

2. Hyun-Wook Kang, Sang Jin Lee, et al. (2016) Nature Biotechnology 34, 312–319

3. Liesbet Lieben. (2016) Nature Reviews Rheumatology 12: 191

4. Alexandra L. Rutz, Kelly E. Hyland, et al. (2016) Advanced Materials 27(9): 1607-1614

5. Gabet Y, Müller R, Regev E, et. al. (2004) Bone 35(1): 65-73

6. Yash MK, Kenneth MD, Joel DB, et. al. (2011) Biomaterials 32(1): 65-74

7. Burchardt H. (1983) Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research 174: 28-34

8. Wong HM, Wu SL, Chu PK, et. al. (2013) Biomaterials 34: 7016-7032

23

Dr. Kelvin Yeung is passionate in orthopaedic biomaterial research for

more than 15 years. His major research areas cover from the development

of metallic and polymeric orthopaedic biomaterials, to bone implant design

and development as well as musculoskeletal tissue engineering. He trained

as materials scientist in his bachelor degree and then orthopaedic scientist

in HKU Medical Faculty for his master degree and PhD, respectively. He

is currently tenured associate professor in the Department of Orthopaedics

and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong. In addition to his more

than 140 peer-reviewed journal papers published (h-index: 31, total

citations: >3,200), 270 conference abstracts and 38 filed full patents in

various countries, he has also co-founded the OrthoSmart Limited together with Dr Johnson

Lau and Prof. Kenneth Cheung so as to translate their research findings to clinical use. He also

serves as CEO in this company. During these years, he had received numbers of award and

scholarship from local and regional competitions such as Young Scientist Award 2005 and

Young Engineer Award 2009, respectively. The total amount of grants and sponsors directly

arising from his projects in PI and Co-I capacity is over HK$46M.

24

Functional Biopolymeric Hydrogels for Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration

Liming BIAN

Abstract: Although biopolymer-based chemical hydrogels, with biopolymers covalently

crosslinked, have been widely used as scaffolds for tissue engineering due to good stability,

their permanent network structures and brittleness limit their applications in repairing load-

bearing tissues, such as cartilage. In contrast, biopolymer-based supramolecular hydrogels,

which are usually formed via self-assembly of physically interacting biopolymers, are usually

weak as shown in “inverted vials” instead of freestanding 3D constructs and less stable than

chemical hydrogels. Herein, we describe a novel host-guest macromer (HGM) approach for

preparation of biopolymer-based freestanding supramolecular hydrogels. Host-guest

macromers are formed by molecular self-assembly between adamantane functionalized

hyaluronic acid (ADxHA) guest polymers and mono-acrylated beta-cyclodextrins (mono-Ac-

CD) host-monomers. Supramolecular hydrogels are readily prepared by UV-induced

polymerization of the pre-assembled host-guest macromers. Such hydrogels are solely

crosslinked by in situ formed multivalent host-guest nano-clusters, and show significantly

reinforced mechanical properties yet still retain desirable supramolecular features. They can

self-heal and be re-molded into freestanding 3D constructs which afford effective protection

on the encapsulated stem cells during the compression re-molding, making them promising

carriers for therapeutic cells that can quickly adapt to and integrate with surrounding tissues of

the targeted defects. We demonstrate that such hydrogels not only sustain extended release of

encapsulated proteinaceous growth factors (TGF-beta1) but also support chondrogenesis of the

human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and promote cartilage regeneration in a rat model.

Lastly, we have developed a series of supramolecular hydrogels with unique properties such as

resilient mechanical property, fast relaxation, self-healing, bioadhesiveness, injectability, and

promoting recruitment of endogenous cells. These hydrogel properties are not only desirable

for potential clinical applications of these hydrogels but also useful for studying the effect of

microenvironmental mechanical cues on stem cell behaviors.

Dr. BIAN Liming received his B.Eng and M.Sc degree from the National

University of Singapore in 2002 and 2004, respectively. Dr. Bian completed

his Ph.D. study in Biomedical Engineering at Columbia University in 2009.

Dr. Liming Bian then conducted his postdoctoral research in the Department

of Bioengineering, the University of Pennsylvania from 2009 to 2012. In

2012, Dr. Bian joined the Chinese University of Hong Kong as an assistant

professor. Dr. Bian’s research focuses on the development of novel

biomaterials for the regeneration of musculoskeletal tissues. Dr. Bian is also

interested in developing biomaterial platforms to investigate the role of cell microenvironment

factors including mechanical, chemical and cell-matrix interactions in stem cell differentiation.

25

Opportunity of 3D Printing in Sports Medicine

Wai Pan YAU

Dr. WP Yau is the Chief of the Division of Sports and Arthroscopic Surgery

and the Clinical Associate Professor of Department of Orthopaedics and

Traumatology in the University of Hong Kong.

Dr. Yau started his medical education in the Faculty of Medicine of the

University of Hong Kong in 1987. Dr. Yau earned his medical degree in

1992. After completing his medical internship in 1993, Dr. Yau began his

general surgical training in Queen Mary Hospital of Hong Kong and

obtained the Fellowship of Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh in

1997. Dr. Yau was then enrolled in the Higher Orthopaedic Training in the Department of

Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital. He finished his orthopaedic residency

training in 2000 and passed the fellowship examination in the same year with flying colour. Dr.

Yau was awarded the Fellow of the Hong Kong College of Orthopaedic Surgeons and Fellow

of the Hong Kong Academy of Medicine in 2001.

Dr. Yau joined the University of Hong Kong in 2007. He was appointed as the Chief

of Division of Sports and Arthroscopic Surgery in Queen Mary Hospital in 2008. Dr. Yau was

elected to be the Chapter President of Sports Medicine Chapter of Hong Kong Orthopaedic

Association in 2012 and the Deputy Censor of Hong Kong College of Orthopaedic Surgeons

in January 2013. Dr. Yau was appointed as the Clinical Associate Professor of the Department

of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, the University of Hong Kong and the Honorary Clinical

Consultant of Hospital Authority of Hong Kong in August 2013.

Dr. Yau specializes in Sports Medicine and Adult Joint Reconstruction Surgery. His major

research interest lies in clinical outcome studies on these two areas. This had led to the

publication of 56 peer-reviewed articles, 1 book chapter and over 80 conference papers. Dr.

Yau has delivered more than 40 invited lectures, both locally and internationally, and given

close to 100 presentations in both national and international conferences. Dr. Yau received the

Author Yau Award of Hong Kong Orthopaedic Association in 1994 and 2004, David Fang

Trophy of Hong Kong Orthopaedic Association in 2004, Harry Fang Gold Medal Award of

Hong Kong College of Orthopaedic College in 2000 and Japan Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Foundation Fellowship Award in 2008. Dr. Yau was selected to be the Ambassador of the Hong

Kong Orthopaedic Association to Japanese Orthopaedic Association Annual Congress in 1995

and 2005, New Zealand Orthopaedic Association Scientific Meeting in 2003 and 2005, and

Singapore Orthopaedic Association Annual Congress in 2006 and 2008.

Dr. Yau began his work in Computer Navigated Orthopaedic Surgery in 2004. He was invited

to lecture in the “MIS Meets CAOS Symposium and Instructional Academy” in San Diego,

United States in 2005, the Annual Meeting of Asian Society for Computer Assisted

Orthopaedic Surgery in Taiwan in 2006 and in Hong Kong in 2008. Dr. Yau was also the

organizing committee of the Annual Meeting of Asian Society for Computer Assisted

26

Orthopaedic Surgery held in Hong Kong in 2008. Dr. Yau was also one of the regular speakers

in the Education Day of SICOT.

Dr. Yau was also very active in providing orthopaedic education to the orthopaedic trainees in

Hong Kong. He was appointed as the Training Director of the Department of Orthopaedics

and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong since 2008. Dr. Yau also served as a member

in the Education Subcommittee of the Hong Kong College of Orthopaedic Surgeons from then

onwards. He was appointed as the Convener of the Basic Orthopaedic Bioskill Workshop

under the Hong Kong College of Orthopaedic Surgeons in 2009 for a 5-year term. Dr. Yau was

elected to be the Deputy censor of Hong Kong College of Orthopaedic Surgeons in January

2013.

27

Current Biomaterials and Scaffolld for Tendon and Ligament Regeneration

Hongwei OUYANG, Ph.D/MD

Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine

Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province

School of Medicine, Zhejiang University

Abstract: Tendon is a specific connective tissue composed of parallel collagen fibers, and is

difficult to heal after injury. The topological structure, mechanical property, properties of raw

materials and other material information constitute the structural microenvironment for stem

cell, which influences the differentiation and migration of stem cells. At present, the research

focus of biological scaffolds is shifted from simple physical scaffold function to biological

induction function, especially requiring scaffold materials to have the biological function of

promoting directed differentiation of seed cell towards expected direction. The research group

makes series researches on the construction of biological scaffolds with the function of

inducing tendon differentiation and its applications. Our research group investigated the effect

of this tissue-specific matrix orientation on stem cell differentiation. It is found that parallel

nanofiber can influence intracellular mechanical signal pathway, promote IPS and

differentiation of tendon stem cells towards tendon system and inhibit bone differentiation.

However, aligned scaffolds fabricated by the electrospinning procedure are nanoporous, and

cells can only grow on the top of the scaffold, leading to low cell infiltration rates being

observed in vivo. Or unwoven fibrous scaffold and gel system are adopted, but aforesaid

scaffolds have poor mechanical property. The concept of an "internal-space-preservation"

scaffold is proposed for the tissue repair under physical loading. In vivo and in vitro studies

use induced human embryo stem cells, tendon stem cells,growth factor and scaffolds to

construct tissue engineering tendon and apply them in tendon regeneration, which can promote

tendon repair.In addition, our group developed a macroporous 3D aligned biomimetic

collagen/silk scaffold for functional tendon repair by inducing aligned supracellular structures

similar to natural tendon, which in turn enhanced cellular infiltration and tenogenic

differentiation.For future: 3D-printed gel system with kintted silk scaffold and 3D-printed

atsttrin-incorporated alginate/hydroxyapatite scaffold might be used for tendon/ligament and

tendon/ligament-bone junction.

28

Hong Wei Ouyang

Professor in Sports medicine & Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

Director for School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang University

Vice-Dean for College of Mecine, Zhejiang University

Awardees of the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars（Jie-Qin）

Awardees of National "1000-talent"plan (Qian-Ren)

The “Qiu-shi” Distinguished Professor, Zhejiang University

Professor Ouyang focuses on the research of tissue engineering and

regenerative therapy of tendon and cartilage. With the development of

a functional silk scaffolds as well as the stepwise differentiation of

embryonic or adult stem cells with the combination of biochemical and

mechanical strategies, Prof Ouyang’s researches improved structural

and functional tendon and cartilage regeneration significantly in vitro

and in vivo. He has filed fifteen national patents applications (eight

approved) and published more than sixty original research papers in

the international journals. These papers corresponded by Professor

Ouyang were published in the leading journals of particular fields, such

as Stem Cells, Biomaterials, Cell Transplantation. In 2008, authorized by State Food and Drug

Administration, he was involved in drafting the Guide for in vivo assessment of implants for

cartilage repair and regeneration YY/T 0606.10-2008, Chapter 10 of Tissue Engineering

Medical Products, Pharmaceutical Industry Standard of People’s Republic of China. In 2009,

he was again involved in formulating the Provisions for Therapeutic Transplantation of

Engineered Tissues announced by the Ministry of Health (MOH). In March of 2010, under the

new regulations of the Ministry of Public Health in China, Prof Ouyang established a standard

approach for tissue engineered cartilage (TEC) transplantation, and set up the clinical

application network of cartilage tissue engineering technology in orthopedics from five third-

grade class-A hospitals in Zhejiang.

29

Biomaterials for Translational Regenerative Medicine

Xin ZHAO

Abstract: Translational medicine is a new clinical medicine-oriented discipline that bridges

basic medical research and clinical treatment. As a branch of translational medicine,

regenerative medicine aims to achieve regeneration of diseased or damaged tissues using

biomedical materials. The emphasis of this talk is placed on how biomaterials can be used to

fabricate various scaffolds to reconstruct hard tissues such as bone as well as soft tissues such

as skin and tendon. In detail, this talk will cover Dr. Zhao’s several research projects, including

“photocrosslinkable hydrogels for bone/skin regeneration”, “injectable and degradable bone

cement” and “anti-adhesion tendon regeneration membrane”.

Xin Zhao is currently appointed as an associate professor at China’s leading

university, Xi’an Jiaotong University. Prior to starting her current

appointment, she worked as a postdoctoral research fellow at Harvard

University, Harvard-MIT Health Science & Technology (HST) under

supervision of Prof. Ali Khademhosseini and School of Engineering of

Applied Sciences (SEAS) under supervision of Prof. David Weitz. Her

research interest is to use multi-disciplinary approach including material

science, microfluidics, cell biology and molecular biology, to develop microscale and

nanoscale technologies with the ultimate goal of generating tissue-engineered organs and

controlling cell behaviors for addressing clinical problems. So far, she has published over 40

peer-reviewed journal articles including leading journals such as Advanced Functional

Materials, Materials Today, Biomaterials, Small, etc.

30

Construction of Drug and Ag Carrier System on Ti Implants

Shuilin Wu1*, Zhengyang Weng1, Xiangmei Liu1, K. W. K. Yeung2, Paul. K. Chu3

1 : Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials,

Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of

Functional Materials, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of

Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China

shuilin.wu@hubu.edu.cn

Keywords: Titanium; Implants, Surface Modification; Drug Carrier, Antibacterial; Ag

nanoparticle.

Abstract: Titanium-based alloys are commonly used in orthopedic implants because of their

desirable mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Bacterial infection

often induces the implant failure. Surface modification is the best way to not only improve the

biocompatibility but also enhance the antibacterial performance of metallic implants. In the

work, one-dimensional nanostructures including TiO2 nanotube and titanate nanowire were

constructed on the surface of Ti alloys. The former prepared by anodization method was used

for drug loading with antibacterial polymer sealing while the latter produced by hydrothermal

method was employed as carriers for Ag nanoparticles. Drug release tests disclosed that the

drug release profile could be tuned to achieve the optimal therapeutic action throughout the

treatment time by varying the thickness of the polymer film. SEM and TEM examinations

showed that Ag nanoparticals could also be well carried by one dimensional titanate nanowires.

Antibacterial tests revealed that the antibacterial activity increased with the increase of initial

concentration of silver nitrate solution.

Prof. Wu Shuilin received his M.S. in Materials Surface Engineering

from Tianjin University in 2003 and Ph.D in Biomaterials Engineering

from City University of Hong Kong in 2007, respectively. After

graduation, he worked as a Research Associate, Senior Research

Associate and Research Fellow in Plasma Laboratory from August

2007 to October 2012 at City University of Hong Kong. Currently, he

is a Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at Hubei

University. His publications include 5 book chapters and over 90

journal papers including Progress in materials Science, Materials science and engineernig r-

reports, advanced functional materials, Nano Letters, Biomaterials, Journal of Biomedical

Materials Research Part A, Acta Biomaterialia, Acta Materialia, ACS Applied Materials &

Interfaces and etc. His current research focuses on the design and synthesis of novel

biomimetic scaffolds for biomedical applications.

31

Alkaline Biodegradable Implants for Osteoporotic Bone Defects-importance of

Microenvironment pH

Xiaoli ZHAO

Abstract: The biocompatibility and bioactivity of orthopaedic implant materials are directly

influenced by the local microenvironment generated after implantation. The microenvironment

pH (e-pH) is critical to the effectiveness of the implants in repairing osteoporotic bone defects,

but has seldom been discussed. The purpose of this study was to determine the e-pH for some

orthopaedic implant materials in vivo, and to investigate its effect on the bone defect healing

process. Ovariectomized rat bone defects were filled with one of three materials (β-tricalcium

phosphate, calcium silicate, 10% strontium-substituted calcium silicate), and e-pH was

measured by pH microelectrode at various intervals post-surgery. The specific tissue responses,

new osteoid and Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclast-like cells

were visualized by histological staining. Results from parallel in vitro experiments were

consistent with the in vivo outcome. The intermediate layer between implants and new bone

area was studied using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Regardless of material,

higher initial e-pH was associated with more new bone formation, late response of TRAP-

positive osteoclast-like cells, and the development of an intermediate ‘apatitic’ layer in vivo.

EDX suggested that residual material may influence e-pH even 9 weeks post-surgery. In vitro,

weak alkaline conditions stimulated osteoporotic rat bone marrow stromal cell (oBMSC)

differentiation, while inhibiting the formation of osteoclasts. Thus, the e-pH of implanted

materials directly affects their effectiveness in healing bone defects. We therefore propose for

the first time to determine specifically the e-pH for implants as part of the design of

orthopaedic implant materials to improve their bioactivity and efficacy.

Dr. Xiaoli Zhao, Ph.D, is associate professor and supervisor of

postgraduate in Shenzhen institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese

Academy of Science. She got the Overseas High-Caliber Personel Level

C of Shenzhen. She is the key member of Shenzhen Peacock Innovation

Team, vice director of Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biomedical

Materials, member of the first committee of orthopedic research society

SICOT China Chapter. She got PhD degree from The University of

HongKong, and did research in Hopkins University as a visiting scholar. Research interest is

focusing in orthopaedic biomaterials, including hydrogel, bone cement, drug and gene delivery,

also involve in bone signaling and stem cell study.

32

Annulus Fibrosus Regeneration: A Multi-mode Mechanomodulation and Layer-by-

layer Assembly Based Strategy

Bin LI

1Orthopedic Institute; 2 Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow

University, Suzhou, China

Email: binli@suda.edu.cn

Abstract: Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is the leading cause of low back pain, a serious

global health problem which contributes to healthcare costs significantly. While it is

promising to repair degenerated intervertebral discs (IVDs) using tissue engineering

techniques, such an approach largely relies on the effective construction of annulus fibrosus

(AF), a major load-bearing component of IVD. However, because of the tremendous cellular,

biochemical, microstructural, and biomechanical heterogeneity of AF tissue, it remains

challenging to fabricate AF replacements that are biologically and functionally comparable to

native AF tissue. Recently, we started to employ a tissue engineering strategy based upon

layer-by-layer assembly and multi-mode mechanomodulation in order to mimic the layered

structure and to address the heterogeneity feature of AF tissue as well. In brief, we isolated

multipotent AF-derived stem cells (AFSCs) for AF tissue engineering. We then synthesized a

series of biodegradable polyurethanes and hydrogels with similar elastic modulus as AF

tissue. We found that the biochemical and biomechanical profiles of AFSCs were markedly

affected by the elastic modulus of scaffolds, implying the feasibility to induce differentiation

of AFSCs into cells at different regions of native AF tissue. We also obtained AFSC sheets,

i.e., cell monolayers together with the underlying matrix, using novel cell sheet culture

techniques. Further, we applied dynamic mechanical stimulation to AFSCs and found that

their anabolic and catabolic metabolisms were significantly dependent on the magnitude,

frequency and duration of mechanical stimulation. Following these, we will assembly

engineered AF tissue, through a layer-by-layer approach, using AFSC sheets primed with

substrates of various elasticity and conditioned with appropriate mechanical stimulation.

Findings from these studies may provide new insights toward developing engineered AFs

whose biological features and mechanical functions approximate those of native AF tissue.

Keywords: intervertebral disc degeneration, annulus fibrosus, tissue engineering, annulus

fibrosus-derived stem cells, mechanical stimulation

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Professor Bin Li received the bachelor degree in Polymeric Materials

Science and Chemical Engineering from the Department of Chemical

Engineering of Tsinghua University in 1996. He received the PhD

degree in Materials Science from Tsinghua University in 2001. He

then worked as a Research Associate at the Institute of Materials

Research and Engineering, Singapore from 2001 to 2004. After that

he pursued postdoctoral training at the Department of Orthopaedics,

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine in USA from 2005 to

2009. He also completed two short-term trainings as a visiting research scientist at Carnegie

Mellon University in 2004 and Harvard University in 2009, respectively. He joined Soochow

University in 2009 as a Specially Appointed Professor and director of the Biomaterials and

Cell Mechanics Laboratory (BCML) of Orthopedic Institute. He is the recipient of a number

of awards such as the Orthopaedics Research Award (1st class) from Chinese Orthopaedic

Association, Xu Guangqi Program from the French Embassy in China, and France Talent

Innovation from the Consulate General of France in Shanghai. He currently serves as the chair

of China Development Committee of the International Chinese Musculoskeletal Research

Society (ICMRS). He is a fellow of Chinese Orthopaedic Research Society (CORS), Chinese

Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons (CAOS), Chinese Association of Rehabilitation

Medicine (CARM), and International Society of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology

(SICOT). He is also a member of the Orthopedic Research Society (ORS), Tissue Engineering

and Regenerative Medicine International Society (TERMIS), Society For Biomaterials (SFB),

Chinese Society for Biomaterials (CSBM), and Chinese Materials Research Society (CMRS).

He serves on the editorial board of several journals, including Journal of Orthopaedic

Translation, International Journal of Orthopaedics, Chemical Sensors, Soochow University

Journal of Medical Science, and Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, and is the

reviewer for over 30 journals. He was the organizing committee and executive chair of the

Inaugural ICMRS-ASBMR International Chinese Musculoskeletal Research Conference

(Suzhou, 2013). He has delivered more than 50 invited talks and is the author of over 80 journal

articles and book chapters. His research interests include biomaterials for orthopaedic

applications, degenerative disc disease, stem cells and tissue engineering, smart molecular

recognition and controlled release, surface modification and functionalization, cellular

biomechanics and mechanobiology.

34

Bone Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 2.0

--Paradigm Shift from “Proof-of-concept” to “Proof-of-value”

Zhang Zhi-Yong1,2

1. Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, School

of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

2. National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

* Corresponding email address: Zhang Zhi-Yong (drzhiyong@126.com)

Abstract: Large bone defect treatment remains a major clinical challenge, requiring effective

bone grafts to achieve healing. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) strategy provides a promising

approach to address this ever-pressing clinical need. Despite its first clinical application report

in 2001, BTE strategy still stays as a laboratory technique rather than a regular clinical practice,

with very limited clinical impact so far. In order to understand the major bottlenecking factors

that hinder the fast clinical translation of BTE technology, in the first part of this talk, I would

like to compare the development of tissue engineering technology with computer technology

in order to illustrate the influence of “Proof-of-concept (POC)” and “Proof-of-value (POV)”

oriented research strategy on the translation of new technology. Generally, it can be regarded

as the BTE 1.0 development stage for the past thirty-year’s R&D effort, ever since the

introduction of the BTE concept in 1980s. BTE 1.0 stage is the POC oriented with the goal to

prove the scientific feasibility and clinical efficacy and safety of BTE concept. In order to

facilitate its wider clinical application and the final translation from a lab technique into a

routine clinical therapeutic practice, we believe, in the subsequential BTE 2.0 stage, the focus

of our research should be shift from POC to POV, whose mission is to improve and achieve

sufficient clinical and commercial value of BTE strategy to replace the current technique. I will

discuss and illustrate the Low-Value points of current BTE strategy, such as unavailability off-

the-shelf, high cost, complicated manufacturing process and so on and share with you our POV

research efforts and thoughts on how to conquer these problems one by one. We believe, similar

to the development of computer industry, the next stage of POV-orientated R&D effort (BTE

2.0 stage) will be the most critical and essential stage in order to boost up the final translation

of BTE strategy into the real clinical technique, and facilitate the commercialization and

maturation of the new industry of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

35

Professor ZHANG Zhi-Yong, PhD

Professor in Shanghai 9th People’s Hospital, School of Medicine,

Shanghai Jiao Tong University, P.R. China;

Principle Investigator and Group Leader in National Tissue Engineering

Center of China & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering;

Awardee of National "1000 Young Talent" plan, P.R. China;

Shanghai “Eastern Scholar” Distinguished Professor, P.R. China.

Professor Zhang Zhiyong received his B.Sc. degree in biology from Xiamen University of

China in 2004 and PhD degree in bioengineering from National University of Singapore in

2009. From 2010 to 2012, he held an adjunct position in Fourth Military Medical University

as Associate Professor. In 2012, he joined Shanghai Jiao Tong University and National Tissue

Engineering Center of China as Professor and Group Leader; meanwhile he was granted

National "1000 Young Talent" Award by the central government of China and appointed as

“Eastern Scholar” Distinguished Professor by Shanghai government.

Trained as a bioengineer at multidisciplinary interfaces, Prof. Zhang holds great passion for

translational research of bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). He is

pioneering in the use of allogenic fetal mesenchymal stem cell source for TERM application

and successfully developed an off-the-shelf bone TERM strategy with the integrated use of

stem cell, scaffold, and bioreactor. Currently, the first-in-man clinical trial of this strategy has

been approved by the Health Sciences Authority of Singapore (the regulatory agency

counterpart of US FDA). He has filed more than 10 patents, published more than 30 academic

papers in the prestigious international journals such as Stem Cells, Biomaterials, Cell

Transplantation and Tissue Engineering (Average IF: 5.3 per paper) and authored five

bookchapters. He has given plenary, keynote, invited presentation in more than 30 international

conferences and been granted 12 scientific awards including the Natural Science Award of

Ministry of Education of China (the First Prize, 2014) and so on. In addition, he has

successfully secured 10 research grants with more than 10 million RMB research grants in

China and serves in more than 10 academic societies. His research effort has also led to the

successful commercialization and clinical translation of a unique bioreactor device and 3D

printed surgical guide for total knee replacement surgery. Recently he was invited to become

the committee member of Tissue Engineering Technical Committee in Standardization

Administration of China (SAC, the counterpart of ISO) and helps to draft three industry

standards for bone tissue engineered products.