history of marine science 10,000 b.c. – 800 a.d

34
History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D.

Upload: piers-fields

Post on 17-Dec-2015

225 views

Category:

Documents


3 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

History of Marine Science

10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D.

Page 2: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Homework

• Read Chapter 2• Pages 2- 10• Answer study questions 1-5 p 2-4• Be prepared to answer the two questions

on page 2-2 in class• What are the 3 reasons to learn the history

of Oceanography?• What are the four main stages in the

history of oceanography?

Page 3: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

_________ people used bone to make harpoons.

__________ people made fishing hooks and nets more than 10,000 years ago.

Page 4: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

________- refuse (garbage dump) of shells and bones found in piles near beachfronts. Give clues to what was eaten by these prehistoric peoples.

Page 5: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Simple rafts such as these trees lashed together were mans first attempts at navigation. Man’s first relationship with the sea was based on the finding of _____.

Page 6: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Paleolithic people made bone ___________ to fish from shore.

Net

s

Fis

hing

Hooks

Har

poons

Kniv

es

0% 0%0%0%

1. Nets

2. Fishing Hooks

3. Harpoons

4. Knives

Page 7: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Over 10,000 years ago _________ people made fishing nets and

hooks to fish.

Neo

lithic

Pal

eolit

hic

Mode

rn No

0% 0%0%0%

1. Neolithic

2. Paleolithic

3. Modern

4. No

Page 8: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

A Midden is a garbage dump.

Tru

e

Fal

se

0%0%

1. True

2. False

Page 9: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Fastest Responders (in seconds)

1.84 Dominick Guastella

3.53 Charles Badman

3.93 Kristy Benevento

4.52 Katherine Petryczka

4.71 Douglas Miller

Page 10: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

The first sea voyage?

• The earliest recorded sea voyage took place around ___________under the leadership of the Egyptian Pharaoh Snefru

• Historians and Scientists believe that seafaring was commonplace for some time before that in ancient Egypt

Page 11: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Other firsts…..

• First voyage of exploration documented around _________ B.C.

• Egyptians entombed an entire ship (reed boat) in the _____________________

• This gives us the earliest glimpse of a ancient ship building

Page 12: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Boat of ________

Page 13: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

The Phoenicians

• The Phoenician Empire centered in what is now modern day Libya is today

• The established the first _______ ______ _________ as far as the British Isles.

Early Phoenician Coin depicting Phoenician war ship

Notice the Sea Monster!

Page 14: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

The Oldest Shipwreck

• Marine Archeologist _________found this ship which dates back to around _______ (King Tut was the Pharaoh of Egypt at the time of its sailing)

The ship itself has disappeared but the cargo remained largely intact

Page 15: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Phoenician Ships

Page 16: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

______years ago Polynesianand Micronesiannavigators were makingsome of mankind’sgreatest voyages ofdiscovery. Within 2500years they had settledalmost every island in thePacific – an area of about_______ _____________

Page 17: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Simple yet extremely effective!!

• Imagine Traveling thousands of miles on the open ocean in one of these

Page 18: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

A ________________________is a sophisticatednavigation aid based on knowledge the directions of approaching swells aswell as wave refraction.Polynesians also used the stars to explore Micronesia in their double-hulled canoes.

Page 19: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Marshallese sailorsnavigating with a“stick chart.”

Page 20: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Kon Tiki

• In 1947 _______ _____________ built a replica of a _________________to see if such a craft was capable of sailing

thousands of miles in the open ocean. Sailing from Peru to

• Movie and Book were produced from this adventure

• The trip lasted _____ days and the 5 men traveled over ______ ________

Page 21: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

The Kon Tiki Raft at the Kon Tiki Museum in Oslo Norway

Page 22: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Earliest recorded sea voyage was by the

Poly

nesia

ns

Egyp

tians

Phoen

icia

ns

Euro

peans

0.0% 0.0%0.0%0.0%

1. Polynesians

2. Egyptians

3. Phoenicians

4. Europeans

Page 23: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

The earliest surviving ship was entombed in the

Pyr

amid

of S

nefru

Pyr

amid

of K

hufu

Pyr

amid

of T

ut

None

of the

abo

ve

0.0% 0.0%0.0%0.0%

1. Pyramid of Snefru

2. Pyramid of Khufu

3. Pyramid of Tut

4. None of the above

Page 24: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

The Marine Archeologist who found the oldest shipwreck

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0% 1. Robert Ballard

2. George Bass

3. James Cook

4. John Harrison

Page 25: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

The Polynesians sailed the ________ Ocean in double hulled

canoes

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0% 1. Atlantic

2. Indian

3. Pacific

4. Polynesian

Page 26: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

The Kon Tiki voyage lasted

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0% 1. 2 weeks

2. 1 year

3. 196 days

4. 101 days

Page 27: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Fastest Responders (in seconds)

Page 28: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Greek Exploration and Discovery

• Greek contributions are mainly in the areas of Navigation and Cartography (map making)

• _________ determined that tides can be predicted based on the phases of the Moon.

Born: 380 ADDied: 310 AD.

Page 29: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

• Eratosthenes calculated the circumference of the earth. He also invented the first Latitude Longitude system (irregular)

• __________ improved on his system and we still use this regular grid system today!

• Over 2000 years later!!!!

EratosthenesHipparchus

Page 30: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Maps• ____________ – the “Father of History”

Publishes _____________ in 450 BC

No copies survive

This is what they

Believe it looked

like

Page 31: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

______ determined that tides can be predicted based on the phases

of the Moon

Era

tost

henes

Hip

parch

us

Pyt

heas

Pla

to

0.0% 0.0%0.0%0.0%

1. Eratosthenes

2. Hipparchus

3. Pytheas

4. Plato

Page 32: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

__________ published the first map of 450 BC

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0% 1. Herodotus

2. Aristophanes

3. Hipparchus

4. Eratosthenes

Page 33: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

The grid system invented and perfected by the Greeks is know

today as

Gra

phing

Lat

itude

and

Longitu

de G

PS

Map

ping

0.0% 0.0%0.0%0.0%

1. Graphing

2. Latitude and Longitude

3. GPS

4. Mapping

Page 34: History of Marine Science 10,000 B.C. – 800 A.D

Fastest Responders (in seconds)

0 Participant 1

0 Participant 2

0 Participant 3

0 Participant 4

0 Participant 5