hisham hajaj, stanley consultants
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
DURABLE EASY MAINTAINED
COST EFFECTIVE
ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY
UTILIZING SEA WATER COOLING
TOWER FOR DISTRICT COOLING
By: Hisham HajajKuwait District Cooling
Summit
January 26, 2011
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
AGENDA
• INTRODUCTION
• INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIRMENT
• TYPES OF SEAWATER COOLING
• TYPES OF COOLING TOWERS
• ADVANTEGES OF CIRCULAR COOLING TOWER
• DISADVANTEGES OF CIRCULAR COOLING TOWER
• THE BIG STORY – CASE STUDY
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
INTRODUCTION
• COOLING TOWERS ARE A VERY IMPORTANT PART OF MANY PLANTS. NOT ONLY DISTRICT COOLING PLANTS BUT ALSO MOST OF INDUSTRIAL PLANTS.
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
WHY DO WE USE SEAWATER COOLING TOWERS?
1. DURABLE
2. EASY MAINTAINED
3. ENERGY CONSERVATION
4. ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY
5. COST EFFECTIVE ALTERNATIVE
SOLUTION DUE TO THE ELEVATED
COST OF POTABLE WATER.
6. SCARCITY OF WATER RESOURCES.
• HEAT REJECTION FROM INDUSTRIES.
• COOLING MEDIA IS REQUIRED TO ABSORB HEAT
• THE SYSTEM PROVIDE SEA WATER TO BE THE COOLING MEDIA TO ABSORB HEAT FROM INDUSTRIES AND DISSIPATE HEAT INTO THE SEA.
• WHY DO INDUSTRIES NEED SEA WATER COOLING SYSTEM ? .
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIRREMENT
1. SEA WATER INTAKE
STRUCTURE.
2. PUMPING STATION.
3. PIPING OR CANAL.
4. INDUSTRIES OFF-TAKE
STRUCTURES.
5. OUTFALL STRUCTURE.
• ONCE THROUGH.
• EVAPORATIVE COOLING.
• RE-CIRCULATING COOLING TOWERS
• TYPES OF SEA WATER COOLING
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
TYPES OF COOLING TOWERS
FAN ASSISTED NATURAL DRAFT
MECHANICAL DRAFT NATURAL DRAFT
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
ADVANTAGES FOR CIRCULAR TYPE
1. NATURAL DRAUGHT DURING WINTER
OPERATION (APPROX. < 20 DEGREE C)
2. NO RESTRICTIONS FOR TOWER
SITTING WITHIN THE SITE
3. UNBIASED TO WIND DIRECTION
THERFOR, THERE IS NO ISSUE WITH
THE TOWER ORINATION.
4. SHORT DISTANCE TO PROCESS PLANT
( LESS PIPING)
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
5. NO RECIRCULATION, NO INTERFERENCE
6. PLUME FORMING FAR AWAY FROM THE GROUND LEVEL
7. EASY CONTROL SYSTEM
8. LOW EMISSION IN CASE OF SALT WATER
9. LOWER TOTAL INVESTMENT COST (EARTHWORKS + COOLING
TOWER + PIPING)
10.LESS SPACE REQUIREMENT (SEE FIG. -1)
ADVANTAGES FOR CIRCULAR TYPE
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
ADVANTAGES FOR CIRCULAR TYPE
FIGURE -1
LESS SPACE REQUIREMENT
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
ADVANTAGES
11. LOWER POWER CONSUMPTION.
12. LESS MAINTENANCE.
13. LONGER LIFE. (MECHANICAL SECTION
AWAY FROM PLUME WITH SALT CONTENT
IN DRIFT).
14. PEOPLE LIVING IN BUILDINGS IN THE
SURROUNDING AREA WILL NOT LOOK
DOWN TO SEE HUNDREDS OF REVOLVING
FANS WHICH IS THE CASE IN CELL
TYPE. CIRCULAR DESIGN GENERALLY
REQUIRES MAXIMUM 1-4 TOWERS WHERE
THE FANS ARE CONCEALED FROM VIEW.
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
DISADVANTAGES
1. THERE IS NO FINANCIAL INCENTIVE FOR
DEVELOPERS OR DISTRICT COOLING PROVIDERS.
2. SPECIAL CHILLERS AND TUBING.
3. HIGH INTIAL INFRASTRUCTURE COST.
4. TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS IMPACT MARINE LIFE
5. LOCAL AUTHORITIES REGULATION
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
DISADVANTAGES
6. TO BE USED ONLY FOR SHOPPING CENTERS
AND LOWRISE BUILDINGS.
7. GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION LIMITATIONS.
8. MAINTAINING THE DELIVERY SYSTEM.
9. DISCHARGE SEAWATER TEMPRATURE
LIMITATION.
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
CASE STUDY
JUBAIL INDUSTRIAL CITY
SAUDI ARABIA
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
SWC SYSTEM COMPONENTS AT JUBAIL 1
• SEA WATER INTAKE ( INTAKE CHANNEL AND PUMP STATION )
• CANAL SYSTEM
• OUTFALL STRUCTURE
• INDUSTRIES OFF-TAKE STRUCTURES AND LATERALS PIPES
• INVERTED SIPHONS BETWEEN CANALS SEGMENTS
• 3 CANALS SEGMENTS WITH 3 COMPARTMENTS ( SUPPLY , SUPPLY / RETURN , RETURN )
ALL WATER FORM SWC SYSTEM PASS THROUGH THE INDUSTRY HEAT EXCHANGERQ SWC SUPPLY = Q IN
INDUSTRIES FENCE
COLD PROCESS WATER
Sea Water Return ( Hot ) HOT
PROCESS WATER
SEA WATER SUPPLY ( COLD )
TYPICAL PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERQ IN Q SWC
SUPPLY
+ 10 o C
ONCE THROUGH CONCEPT
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
INTAKE CHANNEL
SWC 1
PUMPING
STATION
INDUSTRIAL PORT CAUSEWAY
SWC 2
PUMPING
STATION
Length : 2.5 KMWidth : 60 – 190 M (Dredged Channel)Depth : - 3.7m RCD
DREDGED CHANNEL
ARABIANGULF
INTAKE CHANNEL
SWC PUMP STATION I & II
SWC 1 SWC 2
A - A
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
PUMP STATION
SWC PUMP STATION
INVERTED SIPHONS
End of Canal 1
Start of Canal 2
Siphons Pipes
OFF-TAKE STRUCTURE
SUPPLYSTRUCTURE
RETURNSTRUCTURE
FLOW MEASUREMENTCHAMBER
LATERAL PIPELINESEAWATER TOUSER INDUSTRY
ACCESSBRIDGE
S S/R R
OUTFALL
CAPACITY OF THE PUMP STATION
Ultimate Pump Stations Capacity
Summer Operation ( Peak )
Total Pumps
Pump Flow m3/s
Max Flow m3/s
Total Pumps
Total Flow m3/s
18 / 10 13.5 /10.3 346 16 /8 298
28 1,245 24 ( 4 ) 1,074Total Flow
( 1000 m3 / hr )
Large / Small Pumps
Canal ( 1, 2 ,3 and 4 )
Canal 1
Canal 3
Canal 2 Siphon 1
Siphon 3
Siphon 2
Siphon 4
Pump Station
Outfall
CAPACITY OF THE CANAL SYSTEM
• ORIGINAL DESIGN CAPACITY IS 816,000 M3/HR USING THE ORIGINAL CONCEPT OF ONE S COMPARTMENT , ONE R COMPARTMENT AND KEEP THE S/R AS STAND-BY
• CONCEPT HAS BEEN MODIFIED TO USE S AND S/R COMPARTMENTS IN OPERATION AS SUPPLY CANALS DURING PEAK AND ONLY R COMPARTMENT USED FOR RETURN. THIS WILL DOUBLE THE SUPPLY CAPACITY. HOWEVER ,
• THE CAPACITY OF THE RETURN CANAL CAN DELIVER 970,000 M3/ HR . SO OTHER MODIFICATION INTRODUCED.
• PETROKEMYA BYPASS, THE CANAL DISCHARGE CAPACITY CAN BE INCREASED BY 190,000 M3 / HR (2 PIPES) INCREASING THE TOTAL CANALS DISCHARGE CAPACITY TO 1,160,000 M3 / HR .
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
CONCLUSION
SEA WATER COOLING IS THE ONE FOR OUR INDUSTRIES
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS
SEA WATER COOLING TOWERS