Hinduism and Buddhism

Objectives:-Describe the importance of relegion in

ancient Indian society.-Identify the principal elements of Hinduism.

-Identify the basic belief of Biddhism.

The Upanishads and the Epics End of the Vedic Age Religious literature were written based on

earlier Indo Aryan religion stories and traditions.

Hinduism and Buddhism developed in India

Indian religious thinkers questions the Brahmins authorithy.

School of thought known as Vedanta or “end of the Vedas”

MAHABHARATA: Long poems, tells the story of a great battle in a Kingdom in what is now northern India.

RAMAYANA: Tells the story of Rama, a prince and an incarnation of the God Vishnu and his wife Sita. They became role models for mena dn women in Indian Society.

A Changing Society Caste System: a

complex form of Social Organization

Varnas (Social Classes) appearedin Indian Society

RULERS AND

WARRIORS

BRAHMISPRIESTS

ANDSCHOLARS

MERCHANTSTRADERS

ANDFARMERS

PEASANTS

PARIASHA OR UNTOUCHABLES

Varnas divided into smaller subgroups called jati.

A person was born into the jati of his of her parents and could marry only within that subgroup.

They determined what jobs they could hold and who they could eat with.

Reading Check Analyzing Information

How did the Caste System affect Indian Society?

Do you agree with the social classes issues that we have here in Ecuador?

What would you do to stop this?

Hinduism Hinduism gradually spread to became

India’s major religion. Upanishads = a divine essence called

Brahman fills everything in the world. People have and individual essence Self ot Atman.

This reflects the belief that all things in the unverse are of the same essence as God.

Hindu Beliefs Hinduism teaches that the world we see is

an illusion. (maya) People can gain salvation only if they

recognize and reject maya. Soul must be reborn, over and over again. The experience that we gain as we pass

through life helps them to identify maya. (reincarnation).

The soul does not die, but can be reborn in the body of another human being or even an animal.

DHARMA KARMADharma: doing one’s moral duty in this life

so that the soul can advance in the next life.

Karma: is the good or bad force created by a person’s actiona.

People who fulfill their dharma gain good karma and are born into a higher social group in the nex life. People who do not live moral lives will be born as members of lower groups or as animals.

The Hindu GodTHE HINDU GOD BRAHMA

VISHNU the Preserver

SIVA the DestroyerAnimals

SpirirtsSpirits of Trees

People

Hindu Religious Practice Practice Yoga: Mental and Physical exercises

designed to bring the body and soul together, this frees the mind of thoughts about the body.

Hindu festivals combine religious ceremonies, rituals, music, dancing, eating and drinking. Celebration might last for days. Festivals represent the seasonal course of Nature.

Sacred animals. Cows are special because they provided power for plows and carts, also produced milk and butter for food. Cows are protected by law.

Buddhism Siddhartha Gautama the Buddha Born in Northern India, the son of a

wealthly prince. Luxury, education, and comfort. Nothing about disease, poverty, fear, etc. He vowed to discoverd human suffering.

Great Renunciation. Under a tree, he understood the truth that

forms the basis of life.

The Buddha’s Teachings Hindu ideas = Reincarnation Soul progress depends on the person life. Good is reward and evil is punished. The Buddha taught ethics, a code of

morals and conduct. Priest should live peacefull among

poverty. Denied the importants of the caste system

The spread of Buddhism Theravada

Traditional beliefs of buddhism.

Buddha great teacher and spiritual leader

Accepted in Burna (Myamar), Siam (Thailand), Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Laos

Mahayana Buddha God and savior. Elaborate ceremonies. China, Vietnam, Korea

and Japan

Buddhism developed and spread in India

Followers

Brahmis opposed

Buddhism declined in India

Theravada

Mahayana

SECTION 3 REVIEW

Hinduism and Buddhism

1. DEFINE Epics: Caste system: Varnas: Monism: Maya: Reincarnation: Nirvana: Polytheism:

2. IDENTIFY Upanishads:

Bhagavad Gita:

Siddhartha Gautama:

3. COMPARING AND CONTRASTING

Mahayana Buddhism Theravada Buddhism

4. FINDING THE MAIN IDEA Which elements of Indian religion seem

most clearly reflected in the Indian social structure?

In what ways can Hinduism be considered monistic?