High Velocity Outflows in Quasars

High Velocity Outflows in Quasars

Paola Rodriguez HidalgoAdvisor: Fred HamannUniversity of Florida

Collaborators: Daniel Nestor, Joseph Shields

Paola Rodriguez HidalgoAdvisor: Fred HamannUniversity of Florida

Collaborators: Daniel Nestor, Joseph Shields

Classification of Absorption Lines

Classification of Absorption Lines Based on similar redshift to the quasar:

AssociatedNon-associated

Based on the absorber is ejected from the quasar:IntrinsicNon-intrinsic

Based on the width of the line:BAL

NALminiBAL

Based on similar redshift to the quasar:AssociatedNon-associated

Based on the absorber is ejected from the quasar:IntrinsicNon-intrinsic

Based on the width of the line:BAL

NALminiBAL

Classification of Absorption Lines

Classification of Absorption Lines Based on similar redshift to the quasar:

AssociatedNon-associated

Based on the absorber is ejected from the quasar:IntrinsicNon-intrinsic

Based on the width of the line:BAL: form in winds

NAL: origin? Most AALs are intrinsic (see Leah Simon, Daniel Nestor and Rajib Ganguly posters), how many at High Velocity (HV) are intrinsic? (36% ? - Richards et al. 1999, 2001)

miniBAL: barely studied: how common are they?, how often do they appear at HV?

Based on similar redshift to the quasar:AssociatedNon-associated

Based on the absorber is ejected from the quasar:IntrinsicNon-intrinsic

Based on the width of the line:BAL: form in winds

NAL: origin? Most AALs are intrinsic (see Leah Simon, Daniel Nestor and Rajib Ganguly posters), how many at High Velocity (HV) are intrinsic? (36% ? - Richards et al. 1999, 2001)

miniBAL: barely studied: how common are they?, how often do they appear at HV?

High Velocity

Outflows

Example of a High Velocity Outflow

Example of a High Velocity Outflow

CIV!

CIVSiIV+OIV

PG 0935+417

v ~ 51,000 km/s

Ly+NV

Goals Goals1) Account for types of outflows to input

information into physical/geometrical models.

2) Understand miniBAL-BAL relationship: distinct or same thing with different sightline?

3) Confirm intrinsic nature of large number of systems for follow-up and, hopefully, get information about location, densities, … and to explain wind structure and dynamics.

1) Account for types of outflows to input information into physical/geometrical models.

2) Understand miniBAL-BAL relationship: distinct or same thing with different sightline?

3) Confirm intrinsic nature of large number of systems for follow-up and, hopefully, get information about location, densities, … and to explain wind structure and dynamics.

Searching for High Velocity Outflows: the

Sample

Searching for High Velocity Outflows: the

Sample SDSS Quasar spectra:

R ~ 150 km/s Spectral coverage 3820-9200 A;

to see CIV 1548,1550 absorbers: zem > 1.8

to see velocities up to 0.2c: zem > 2.1 Choose the n(t) spectra with best S/N Look for every blue-shifted CIV absorber - zabs, v, FWHM, REW, BI, AI

SDSS Quasar spectra: R ~ 150 km/s Spectral coverage 3820-9200 A;

to see CIV 1548,1550 absorbers: zem > 1.8

to see velocities up to 0.2c: zem > 2.1 Choose the n(t) spectra with best S/N Look for every blue-shifted CIV absorber - zabs, v, FWHM, REW, BI, AI

Searching for High Velocity Outflows: the

Sample

Searching for High Velocity Outflows: the

Sample SDSS Quasar spectra:

R ~ 150 km/s Spectral coverage 3820-9200 A;

to see CIV 1548,1550 absorbers: zem > 1.8

to see velocities up to 0.2c: zem > 2.1 Choose the 2,200 spectra with best S/N ->

1,846 Look for every blue-shifted CIV absorber - zabs, v, FWHM, REW, BI, AI

- 5320 absorption systems measured

SDSS Quasar spectra: R ~ 150 km/s Spectral coverage 3820-9200 A;

to see CIV 1548,1550 absorbers: zem > 1.8

to see velocities up to 0.2c: zem > 2.1 Choose the 2,200 spectra with best S/N ->

1,846 Look for every blue-shifted CIV absorber - zabs, v, FWHM, REW, BI, AI

- 5320 absorption systems measured

Searching for High Velocity Outflows: the

results

Searching for High Velocity Outflows: the

results

# spectrum_name ra dec Mag_u Mag_g Mag_r Mag_i Mag_z ra dec z_em orig_z_abs velocity FWHM REW1 REW2 new_z_abs note19 spSpec-51816-0382-389.n 348.351898 0.579041 16.68 16.51 16.22 15.98 15.77 23:13:24.46 00:34:44.55 2.084 1.971 11222 1116 1.93 1.94 1.96989 spSpec-51929-0470-037.n 137.350043 0.036399 16.88 16.78 16.68 16.42 16.37 09:09:24.01 00:02:11.04 1.865 1.672 20881 2003 2.70 2.71 1.67139 spSpec-51943-0487-510.n 149.874528 63.566634 17.65 17.27 16.75 16.37 16.31 09:59:29.89 63:33:59.89 1.847 1.754 10212 3320 1.70 0.85 1.751412 spSpec-52764-1326-395.n 215.278618 53.629222 16.80 16.82 16.75 16.46 16.47 14:21:06.87 53:37:45.20 1.858 1.771 9343 2046 0.68 0.35 1.774212 spSpec-52238-0566-188.n 136.468371 2.992071 17.49 17.30 16.91 16.55 16.58 09:05:52.41 02:59:31.46 1.818 1.622 21585 2518 2.08 1.04 1.621177 spSpec-53075-1747-513.n 157.521296 13.425308 17.22 17.04 16.94 16.71 16.65 10:30:05.11 13:25:31.11 1.870 1.853 969 1247 0.39 0.39 1.861 better 3 w broad than 213 spSpec-51812-0404-639.n 32.189747 0.376687 17.11 17.13 17.08 16.80 16.71 02:08:45.54 00:22:36.07 1.885 1.677 22502 1551 0.61 0.43 1.67852 spSpec-52024-0517-168.n 181.459128 2.02544 17.95 17.46 17.08 16.95 16.80 12:05:50.19 02:01:31.58 2.133 1.964 16108 6077 2.82 1.42 1.969406 spSpec-52759-1320-619.n 202.005213 57.5203 17.66 17.36 17.09 17.01 16.85 13:28:01.25 57:31:13.09 2.057 1.657 41774 2800 1.89 0.95 1.658160 spSpec-52071-0632-175.n 253.927513 38.227321 17.56 17.23 17.09 16.97 16.90 16:55:42.60 38:13:38.36 1.906 1.509 43746 2482 0.81 0.81 1.507150 spSpec-52026-0587-336.n 220.273058 4.915264 17.63 17.43 17.21 17.07 16.91 14:41:05.53 04:54:54.95 2.064 1.543 55229 4243 3.66 1.90 1.538151 spSpec-52026-0587-336.n 220.273058 4.915264 17.63 17.43 17.21 17.07 16.91 14:41:05.53 04:54:54.95 2.064 1.618 46772 2381 1.01 0.51 1.617473 spSpec-53002-1430-133.n 157.800982 38.121453 17.35 17.31 17.27 17.09 17.02 10:31:12.24 38:07:17.23 1.893 1.684 22480 986 0.44 0.44 1.685148 spSpec-52023-0586-507.n 219.469828 4.481817 18.21 17.82 17.28 16.84 16.76 14:37:52.76 04:28:54.54 1.919 1.733 19702 3849 3.52 1.88 1.733148 spSpec-52763-1222-322.n 168.305389 10.370125 18.23 17.56 17.30 17.25 16.94 11:13:13.29 10:22:12.45 2.247 2.026 20884 992 1.44 1.44 2.028301 spSpec-52433-0913-046.n 207.230316 -3.361503 17.62 17.50 17.38 17.27 17.04 13:48:55.28 -03:21:41.41 2.099 1.550 57766 1592 0.96 0.96 1.550156 spSpec-52943-1584-530.n 122.63988 23.539751 17.95 17.86 17.42 16.97 16.97 08:10:33.57 23:32:23.10 1.869 1.739 11233 5609 4.57 2.29 1.763386 spSpec-52709-1216-201.n 146.695581 39.455285 18.40 17.78 17.45 17.46 17.33 09:46:46.94 39:27:19.02 2.207 1.815 38878 2619 2.82 2.84 1.815172 spSpec-53053-1434-283.n 160.875384 44.181002 18.06 17.61 17.49 17.49 17.28 10:43:30.09 44:10:51.61 2.209 1.980 22136 2264 2.32 1.17 1.980560 spSpec-53144-1644-187.n 215.694135 35.476675 17.77 17.62 17.53 17.40 17.13 14:22:46.59 35:28:36.02 2.105 1.921 18303 1944 1.56 1.56 1.92146 spSpec-52708-1006-455.n 150.369212 50.465805 17.74 17.59 17.55 17.32 17.32 10:01:28.61 50:27:56.90 1.839 1.765 7589 2709 1.88 1.91 1.768561 spSpec-53146-1420-363.n 243.79732 31.791209 18.02 17.79 17.55 17.45 17.27 16:15:11.36 31:47:28.35 2.095 1.764 33705 3713 2.73 2.75 1.770562 spSpec-53146-1420-363.n 243.79732 31.791209 18.02 17.79 17.55 17.45 17.27 16:15:11.36 31:47:28.35 2.095 1.874 22175 1341 1.75 0.88 1.876535 spSpec-53108-1394-482.n 214.184954 44.265943 17.82 17.64 17.59 17.45 17.37 14:16:44.39 44:15:57.39 1.921 1.718 21537 1545 0.58 0.58 1.71656 spSpec-52072-0617-091.n 236.459918 55.729506 18.10 17.70 17.61 17.43 17.16 15:45:50.38 55:43:46.23 2.156 1.985 17315 984 0.87 0.82 1.978 other options?8 spSpec-51913-0469-459.n 134.733362 1.872058 18.36 17.87 17.65 17.61 17.47 08:58:56.01 01:52:19.41 2.158 1.912 24195 1174 0.68 0.34 1.91318 spSpec-51883-0444-415.n 127.770423 53.416715 18.13 17.85 17.65 17.52 17.38 08:31:04.90 53:25:00.17 2.065 1.963 9787 1233 2.30 1.15 1.966579 spSpec-53171-1770-310.n 190.803917 14.803361 17.95 17.79 17.66 17.44 17.45 12:43:12.94 14:48:12.10 1.860 1.709 16319 1182 0.72 0.72 1.707159 spSpec-52973-1300-125.n 136.286891 7.697566 17.97 17.73 17.67 17.58 17.49 09:05:08.85 07:41:51.24 2.031 1.595 46538 2994 0.99 1.00 1.592174 spSpec-53055-1443-639.n 174.419907 41.866849 18.37 17.99 17.70 17.52 17.36 11:37:40.78 41:52:00.65 2.041 1.789 26880 2840 1.58 1.58 1.780445 spSpec-52989-1272-423.n 135.469763 33.737088 17.86 17.82 17.73 17.55 17.33 09:01:52.74 33:44:13.51 2.026 1.919 10817 957 0.65 0.65 1.919187 spSpec-52163-0667-524.n 32.829696 -7.956253 18.18 18.05 17.76 17.40 17.29 02:11:19.13 -07:57:22.51 1.877 1.797 8420 1877 2.43 1.22 1.796437 spSpec-52962-1585-531.n 125.341205 25.138216 17.79 17.75 17.77 17.57 17.54 08:21:21.89 25:08:17.58 1.904 1.826 8188 1121 0.41 0.41 1.82350 spSpec-52786-1328-369.n 221.78088 52.061137 18.36 18.10 17.79 17.48 17.21 14:47:07.41 52:03:40.10 2.064 1.906 16700 7504 3.36 3.41 1.898477 spSpec-53002-1430-631.n 159.89221 39.882761 17.84 17.93 17.79 17.48 17.31 10:39:34.13 39:52:57.93 1.960 1.585 40352 2476 0.99 0.50 1.583270 spSpec-52355-0574-216.n 153.604642 3.334362 18.53 18.11 17.79 17.69 17.48 10:14:25.11 03:20:03.70 2.149 1.879 26842 5956 3.40 3.35 1.88238 spSpec-52355-0574-216.n 153.604642 3.334362 18.53 18.11 17.79 17.69 17.48 10:14:25.11 03:20:03.70 2.149 1.970 17499 1690 0.98 0.49 1.970388 spSpec-52721-1050-208.n 228.301743 45.17608 18.09 17.94 17.79 17.61 17.45 15:13:12.42 45:10:33.88 2.010 1.767 25161 1687 1.00 0.50 1.767116 spSpec-52643-0963-601.n 164.131565 48.759383 18.29 18.06 17.79 17.46 17.39 10:56:31.57 48:45:33.78 1.897 1.836 8391 1612 0.86 0.43 1.817 5 instead of 3!138 spSpec-52721-1050-208.n 228.301743 45.17608 18.09 17.94 17.79 17.61 17.45 15:13:12.42 45:10:33.88 2.010 1.804 19015 1569 1.71 1.71 1.825138 spSpec-52721-1050-208.n 228.301743 45.17608 18.09 17.94 17.79 17.61 17.45 15:13:12.42 45:10:33.88 2.010 1.804 21282 951 1.02 0.51 1.803112 spSpec-52620-0962-303.n 158.52391 46.595936 18.43 17.95 17.80 17.62 17.45 10:34:05.74 46:35:45.37 2.211 1.965 25079 3048 2.76 1.38 1.953112 spSpec-52620-0962-303.n 158.52391 46.595936 18.43 17.95 17.80 17.62 17.45 10:34:05.74 46:35:45.37 2.211 1.965 22117 1472 0.94 0.94 1.98277 spSpec-52235-0755-102.n 115.893704 31.151688 18.46 18.16 17.82 17.43 17.22 07:43:34.49 31:09:06.08 1.909 1.696 22841 3588 3.72 1.86 1.695209 spSpec-52235-0755-102.n 115.893704 31.151688 18.46 18.16 17.82 17.43 17.22 07:43:34.49 31:09:06.08 1.909 1.861 4967 1926 5.72 5.55 1.861316 spSpec-52523-0646-628.n 353.269228 -9.453051 18.43 18.18 17.87 17.59 17.25 23:33:04.61 -09:27:10.98 2.121 2.037 8155 985 0.69 0.35 2.037394 spSpec-52723-1285-104.n 210.215803 46.591681 17.88 17.93 17.89 17.65 17.49 14:00:51.79 46:35:30.06 1.962 1.803 16596 2462 2.64 1.33 1.803219 spSpec-52254-0568-279.n 140.644847 3.441281 18.24 18.00 17.89 17.63 17.54 09:22:34.76 03:26:28.61 1.810 1.654 17123 1372 1.51 0.76 1.65582 spSpec-52254-0568-279.n 140.644847 3.441281 18.24 18.00 17.89 17.63 17.54 09:22:34.76 03:26:28.61 1.810 1.780 4046 897 2.82 2.44 1.773172 spSpec-52145-0377-146.n 339.893569 -0.785336 18.59 18.08 17.90 17.86 17.64 22:39:34.45 -00:47:07.21 2.218 1.990 21962 1799 1.59 0.79 1.991232 spSpec-52282-0770-245.n 149.670873 59.433719 18.86 18.37 17.90 17.70 17.40 09:58:41.01 59:26:01.39 2.066 1.952 11319 1048 1.99 1.99 1.954540 spSpec-53116-1449-632.n 183.17326 47.888602 18.60 18.17 17.91 17.79 17.77 12:12:41.58 47:53:18.97 1.917 1.804 11889 1731 1.88 1.89 1.804245 spSpec-52312-0832-182.n 137.997335 44.424143 18.16 17.99 17.91 17.81 17.64 09:11:59.36 44:25:26.92 2.167 1.555 63524 962 0.54 0.27 1.556103 spSpec-51941-0290-532.n 189.35216 1.104302 18.52 18.07 17.92 17.75 17.62 12:37:24.52 01:06:15.49 2.021 1.892 13115 869 0.75 0.75 1.891536 spSpec-53115-1467-494.n 211.258069 44.799964 18.73 18.15 17.93 17.89 17.66 14:05:01.94 44:47:59.87 2.218 2.039 17117 1384 2.45 1.23 2.04010 spSpec-51793-0402-234.n 27.04019 -0.171621 18.37 18.09 17.95 17.83 17.62 01:48:09.65 -00:10:17.84 2.162 1.695 47463 2529 1.13 1.14 1.695247 spSpec-52313-0333-315.n 183.36993 -2.938294 18.63 18.20 17.97 17.83 17.67 12:13:28.78 -02:56:17.86 2.155 1.923 22841 2125 2.68 2.68 1.925546 spSpec-53118-1387-252.n 230.55263 31.928041 18.16 18.03 17.97 17.75 17.60 15:22:12.63 31:55:40.95 1.922 1.796 13251 1048 0.90 0.90 1.796249 spSpec-52313-0333-315.n 183.36993 -2.938294 18.63 18.20 17.97 17.83 17.67 12:13:28.78 -02:56:17.86 2.155 2.024 12671 881 1.02 0.51 2.023415 spSpec-52765-1293-068.n 232.690681 38.664551 18.43 18.32 17.97 17.62 17.49 15:30:45.76 38:39:52.38 2.024 1.979 4478 1271 3.15 3.15 1.980157 spSpec-52051-0629-286.n 249.959577 43.433246 18.60 18.14 17.98 18.03 17.88 16:39:50.30 43:25:59.69 2.231 2.013 20912 2912 5.12 5.16 2.01514 spSpec-51965-0475-605.n 143.216595 2.624194 18.77 18.22 17.99 17.85 17.69 09:32:51.98 02:37:27.10 2.156 1.921 24979 4495 8.05 4.12 1.903 2 instead of 114 spSpec-51965-0475-605.n 143.216595 2.624194 18.77 18.22 17.99 17.85 17.69 09:32:51.98 02:37:27.10 2.156 1.921 20601 2759 3.83 3.84 1.946 2 instead of 1119 spSpec-51965-0475-605.n 143.216595 2.624194 18.77 18.22 17.99 17.85 17.69 09:32:51.98 02:37:27.10 2.156 1.999 15267 2598 5.59 5.62 2.001183 spSpec-53089-1381-378.n 216.247959 38.712845 18.72 18.23 17.99 17.96 17.78 14:24:59.51 38:42:46.24 2.211 2.163 4538 1522 1.28 1.28 2.16245 spSpec-52706-1007-140.n 153.33977 49.869394 18.14 18.03 18.00 17.76 17.60 10:13:21.54 49:52:09.81 1.985 1.997 -1308 970 0.46 0.23 1.99856 spSpec-51900-0278-123.n 167.161519 -0.926041 19.06 18.59 18.01 17.78 17.76 11:08:38.76 -00:55:33.75 1.808 1.559 27749 4291 3.84 3.90 1.562 FWHM good, EW bad268 spSpec-52354-0875-099.n 159.746923 48.680536 18.68 18.21 18.03 17.99 17.78 10:38:59.26 48:40:49.92 2.163 1.891 26827 1596 2.40 2.40 1.895100 spSpec-52354-0875-099.n 159.746923 48.680536 18.68 18.21 18.03 17.99 17.78 10:38:59.26 48:40:49.92 2.163 1.838 32343 1502 1.10 1.10 1.838276 spSpec-52376-0836-120.n 171.135291 4.560647 18.33 18.13 18.04 17.94 17.68 11:24:32.47 04:33:38.33 2.093 2.021 7066 1780 0.85 0.85 2.018291 spSpec-52381-0886-498.n 193.60716 52.894534 18.26 18.06 18.04 17.79 17.77 12:54:25.72 52:53:40.33 1.850 1.710 15147 1400 1.11 0.56 1.711290 spSpec-52381-0886-498.n 193.60716 52.894534 18.26 18.06 18.04 17.79 17.77 12:54:25.72 52:53:40.33 1.850 1.647 22154 1105 1.07 0.54 1.64815 spSpec-51988-0499-105.n 217.821158 63.4505 18.77 18.39 18.07 17.70 17.57 14:31:17.08 63:27:01.80 1.892 1.720 18210 6245 3.41 3.46 1.721 2 instead of 115 spSpec-51988-0499-105.n 217.821158 63.4505 18.77 18.39 18.07 17.70 17.57 14:31:17.08 63:27:01.80 1.892 1.720 13486 1114 0.75 0.39 1.764 2 instead of 1251 spSpec-52316-0598-526.n 179.349224 66.237794 18.95 18.44 18.08 17.90 17.73 11:57:23.81 66:14:16.05 2.216 2.002 20667 3455 2.02 1.96 2.002526 spSpec-53089-1376-598.n 201.960085 44.090624 18.28 18.15 18.09 18.02 17.81 13:27:50.42 44:05:26.25 2.021 1.961 6040 865 0.89 0.45 1.96188 spSpec-51929-0413-170.n 49.620445 -0.25643 18.50 18.30 18.09 18.04 17.85 03:18:28.91 -00:15:23.15 1.982 1.853 13247 2353 2.89 1.45 1.852 simplicity86 spSpec-51929-0413-170.n 49.620445 -0.25643 18.50 18.30 18.09 18.04 17.85 03:18:28.91 -00:15:23.15 1.982 1.632 37297 2208 1.15 1.01 1.630254 spSpec-52325-0573-451.n 151.886669 4.671749 18.32 18.16 18.09 18.00 17.80 10:07:32.80 04:40:18.30 2.133 1.618 53342 1149 0.61 0.40 1.619292 spSpec-52411-0953-190.n 177.250524 59.373612 18.44 18.21 18.10 17.98 17.96 11:49:00.12 59:22:25.00 1.947 1.716 24421 3446 2.94 1.49 1.71629 spSpec-52235-0501-606.n 151.819562 3.077405 18.60 18.25 18.10 18.05 17.95 10:07:16.70 03:04:38.66 2.124 1.902 21715 1342 2.06 2.07 1.90575 spSpec-51913-0274-179.n 160.37574 0.021911 18.73 18.32 18.12 17.88 17.72 10:41:30.18 00:01:18.88 2.072 1.959 11218 3901 4.77 2.46 1.958 FWHM good, EW bad176 spSpec-53063-1366-205.n 172.410295 44.05696 18.63 18.23 18.12 17.83 17.67 11:29:38.47 44:03:25.06 2.212 2.189 2494 955 3.21 3.22 2.185241 spSpec-52288-0520-306.n 186.82533 2.207089 18.52 18.25 18.13 18.11 17.93 12:27:18.08 02:12:25.52 2.133 1.983 14665 1595 3.15 2.61 1.98210 spSpec-51942-0301-408.n 209.340728 0.916983 18.59 18.39 18.14 18.03 17.96 13:57:21.77 00:55:01.14 1.997 1.761 24417 3711 2.20 2.24 1.762429 spSpec-52943-1584-430.n 121.602295 23.027766 18.52 18.26 18.14 17.87 17.84 08:06:24.55 23:01:39.95 1.858 1.708 16118 1440 0.87 0.43 1.710 simplicity113 spSpec-52643-0905-102.n 158.912741 54.111613 19.03 18.56 18.14 17.76 17.66 10:35:39.06 54:06:41.81 1.851 1.857 -89 1669 1.28 1.29 1.851 it could also be fit w337 spSpec-52636-0939-034.n 143.388775 41.089693 18.64 18.26 18.14 18.10 17.91 09:33:33.31 41:05:22.89 2.153 1.989 16096 1822 2.27 1.16 1.988416 spSpec-52765-1311-263.n 174.584853 56.948013 18.51 18.36 18.15 17.92 17.78 11:38:20.37 56:56:52.85 1.917 1.576 37183 5966 6.83 5.71 1.583417 spSpec-52765-1311-263.n 174.584853 56.948013 18.51 18.36 18.15 17.92 17.78 11:38:20.37 56:56:52.85 1.917 1.684 24965 1650 1.06 1.06 1.68461 spSpec-51908-0450-223.n 135.720269 55.078846 18.38 18.17 18.17 18.01 18.01 09:02:52.87 55:04:43.85 1.830 1.668 17691 987 0.47 0.47 1.670221 spSpec-52254-0724-577.n 344.61827 -8.536216 18.77 18.48 18.17 18.08 17.86 22:58:28.38 -08:32:10.38 2.054 1.685 38422 4700 3.20 3.35 1.681155 spSpec-52049-0584-428.n 215.374325 4.709433 18.57 18.32 18.18 17.92 17.77 14:21:29.84 04:42:33.96 1.954 1.913 4248 3554 8.31 8.46 1.914153 spSpec-52027-0524-322.n 195.318053 3.240496 18.88 18.65 18.18 17.88 17.67 13:01:16.33 03:14:25.79 2.103 1.929 17236 1648 2.49 2.49 1.931357 spSpec-52668-1200-208.n 136.738747 40.525347 18.08 18.27 18.19 17.90 17.75 09:06:57.30 40:31:31.26 2.002 1.751 26149 2118 0.81 0.81 1.74742 spSpec-51873-0443-165.n 126.4387 48.298611 18.14 18.09 18.19 17.80 17.82 08:25:45.29 48:17:55.00 1.801 1.734 7165 1221 0.77 0.77 1.736302 spSpec-52435-0791-431.n 221.016561 56.964275 18.29 18.26 18.19 17.93 17.96 14:44:03.97 56:57:51.39 1.855 1.669 20254 1147 0.91 0.91 1.66827 spSpec-51821-0408-576.n 40.591131 0.820189 19.07 18.50 18.20 18.01 17.82 02:42:21.87 00:49:12.68 2.062 1.885 17807 2300 3.46 3.47 1.88529 spSpec-51821-0408-576.n 40.591131 0.820189 19.07 18.50 18.20 18.01 17.82 02:42:21.87 00:49:12.68 2.062 2.043 1887 1056 3.69 3.69 2.043198 spSpec-52207-0547-157.n 124.594307 43.77606 18.37 18.34 18.20 17.96 17.69 08:18:22.63 43:46:33.81 2.043 1.923 12101 3187 2.90 1.53 1.914348 spSpec-52649-1010-200.n 161.267013 52.74676 18.57 18.33 18.21 18.15 17.99 10:45:04.08 52:44:48.34 2.114 2.006 10612 1652 0.65 0.65 2.00766 spSpec-52146-0658-409.n 14.96529 -8.739966 18.84 18.43 18.22 18.08 17.83 00:59:51.67 -08:44:23.88 2.143 2.124 1339 829 2.95 2.88 2.129154 spSpec-52939-1582-095.n 116.710835 18.341325 18.62 18.36 18.22 18.04 17.94 07:46:50.60 18:20:28.77 1.900 1.729 19486 4969 2.71 2.74 1.71826 spSpec-52162-0668-218.n 34.575598 -9.36486 18.45 18.37 18.22 17.95 17.86 02:18:18.14 -09:21:53.49 1.882 1.784 11402 2141 2.49 1.24 1.774 2 instead of 126 spSpec-52162-0668-218.n 34.575598 -9.36486 18.45 18.37 18.22 17.95 17.86 02:18:18.14 -09:21:53.49 1.882 1.784 9181 1450 1.53 0.76 1.795 2 instead of 168 spSpec-52162-0668-218.n 34.575598 -9.36486 18.45 18.37 18.22 17.95 17.86 02:18:18.14 -09:21:53.49 1.882 1.844 5273 1133 3.50 2.38 1.831 other options?68 spSpec-52162-0668-218.n 34.575598 -9.36486 18.45 18.37 18.22 17.95 17.86 02:18:18.14 -09:21:53.49 1.882 1.844 3016 839 2.44 2.41 1.853 other options?285 spSpec-52378-0795-570.n 234.654216 52.431975 19.14 18.72 18.23 18.04 17.92 15:38:37.01 52:25:55.11 2.078 1.833 24832 2144 2.63 1.32 1.833104 spSpec-52378-0795-570.n 234.654216 52.431975 19.14 18.72 18.23 18.04 17.92 15:38:37.01 52:25:55.11 2.078 2.045 3158 2016 6.29 6.33 2.045 more gauss?375 spSpec-52703-0942-497.n 149.955392 44.666126 18.36 18.38 18.23 18.04 17.87 09:59:49.30 44:39:58.05 2.016 1.829 19228 1363 3.13 1.57 1.82852 spSpec-52872-1402-625.n 236.758083 35.003761 18.43 18.26 18.23 18.13 17.97 15:47:01.94 35:00:13.54 2.165 1.696 47693 1051 0.87 0.56 1.697279 spSpec-52377-0624-096.n 246.770517 46.400033 18.39 18.36 18.23 17.88 17.82 16:27:04.93 46:24:00.12 1.911 1.844 6932 1039 0.88 0.44 1.845288 spSpec-52379-0885-225.n 189.064271 51.98832 19.93 19.12 18.24 17.92 17.70 12:36:15.42 51:59:17.95 2.121 2.038 8123 1307 3.87 3.88 2.03819 spSpec-51988-0499-179.n 216.310842 63.4511 18.89 18.40 18.24 18.10 17.99 14:25:14.60 63:27:03.96 2.178 1.818 35641 2826 1.68 1.70 1.820323 spSpec-52581-0929-407.n 120.707928 28.146933 18.46 18.31 18.25 18.08 17.90 08:02:49.90 28:08:48.96 1.981 1.621 38475 827 0.48 0.48 1.620324 spSpec-52583-0890-515.n 119.165602 32.519279 19.03 18.62 18.25 18.08 17.87 07:56:39.74 32:31:09.41 2.141 1.903 23610 6499 6.37 6.54 1.914165 spSpec-52079-0633-081.n 256.174473 38.070335 19.01 18.61 18.25 18.13 17.93 17:04:41.87 38:04:13.21 2.106 1.868 23846 2994 2.66 2.70 1.86658 spSpec-52079-0633-081.n 256.174473 38.070335 19.01 18.61 18.25 18.13 17.93 17:04:41.87 38:04:13.21 2.106 1.930 17469 2527 1.72 1.73 1.93059 spSpec-52079-0633-081.n 256.174473 38.070335 19.01 18.61 18.25 18.13 17.93 17:04:41.87 38:04:13.21 2.106 2.010 8716 1591 1.86 1.29 2.017 other options?64 spSpec-52145-0653-556.n 6.791932 -9.743157 19.13 18.64 18.26 18.16 18.04 00:27:10.06 -09:44:35.37 2.074 2.030 4467 840 2.82 2.82 2.028169 spSpec-52143-0376-612.n 338.257967 1.081917 18.76 18.42 18.27 18.06 18.03 22:33:01.91 01:04:54.90 1.835 1.706 14005 2966 2.41 2.43 1.708196 spSpec-52201-0649-529.n 358.726263 -9.434235 18.68 18.41 18.28 18.22 18.11 23:54:54.30 -09:26:03.24 1.971 1.822 15435 1387 0.91 0.46 1.82151 spSpec-52825-1178-095.n 326.549179 -8.982624 18.77 18.40 18.28 18.10 17.83 21:46:11.80 -08:58:57.45 2.180 2.077 9617 1972 1.43 0.72 2.080295 spSpec-52426-0922-468.n 226.078194 -1.844378 18.71 18.57 18.28 17.94 17.88 15:04:18.77 -01:50:39.76 1.840 1.674 17994 2157 1.64 1.64 1.67562 spSpec-52145-0635-467.n 311.864778 -5.355228 19.10 18.68 18.29 18.15 17.98 20:47:27.55 -05:21:18.82 2.069 1.835 23396 2834 5.40 5.42 1.83862 spSpec-52145-0635-467.n 311.864778 -5.355228 19.10 18.68 18.29 18.15 17.98 20:47:27.55 -05:21:18.82 2.069 1.835 20040 1180 1.58 1.58 1.870102 spSpec-51941-0272-501.n 156.32325 0.572789 18.59 18.35 18.29 18.09 18.00 10:25:17.58 00:34:22.04 1.888 1.817 7446 2680 8.63 4.35 1.817121 spSpec-51984-0296-076.n 200.769105 -0.649038 18.85 18.67 18.31 17.87 17.79 13:23:04.58 -00:38:56.54 1.827 1.786 4383 2789 8.42 4.25 1.785120 spSpec-51984-0296-076.n 200.769105 -0.649038 18.85 18.67 18.31 17.87 17.79 13:23:04.58 -00:38:56.54 1.827 1.745 8786 2351 6.91 3.47 1.74430 spSpec-51821-0423-136.n 19.024867 13.567268 19.10 18.71 18.32 18.07 17.90 01:16:05.97 13:34:02.17 2.007 1.810 20383 2725 4.50 4.53 1.8093 spSpec-51821-0423-136.n 19.024867 13.567268 19.10 18.71 18.32 18.07 17.90 01:16:05.97 13:34:02.17 2.007 1.993 1430 1859 5.44 5.45 1.993 more gaussians?

153 spSpec-52933-1268-124.n 128.492741 27.921634 18.49 18.39 18.33 17.99 17.92 08:33:58.26 27:55:17.88 1.848 1.856 -911 951 1.01 1.01 1.857191 spSpec-53137-1726-465.n 237.738057 9.253722 18.92 18.60 18.35 18.20 18.03 15:50:57.13 09:15:13.40 1.968 1.748 24202 3453 2.11 2.31 1.738 2 broad and 1 narrow instead191 spSpec-53137-1726-465.n 237.738057 9.253722 18.92 18.60 18.35 18.20 18.03 15:50:57.13 09:15:13.40 1.968 1.748 20896 2770 2.83 2.84 1.768 2 broad and 1 narrow instead23 spSpec-52143-0650-133.n 0.266058 -10.775086 18.72 18.49 18.37 18.13 17.93 00:01:03.85 -10:46:30.31 2.081 2.051 2652 1073 2.09 2.09 2.054297 spSpec-52400-0903-133.n 150.882825 51.227542 18.30 18.39 18.39 18.09 18.02 10:03:31.88 51:13:39.15 1.906 1.897 922 833 1.57 1.40 1.897114 spSpec-52643-0935-453.n 133.963533 37.964503 18.56 18.50 18.39 18.19 18.06 08:55:51.25 37:57:52.22 1.929 1.742 19357 1262 2.25 1.13 1.74610 spSpec-51821-0408-080.n 40.769538 0.001525771 18.62 18.51 18.41 18.19 17.98 02:43:04.69 00:00:05.49 1.995 1.949 4198 1144 3.49 3.50 1.953281 spSpec-52377-0910-057.n 202.950569 -3.131354 18.57 18.46 18.41 18.18 18.08 13:31:48.13 -03:07:52.87 1.891 1.694 21064 1882 2.44 1.22 1.6952 spSpec-51662-0308-070.n 222.689267 -0.733418 18.97 18.72 18.54 18.36 18.11 14:50:45.42 -00:44:00.30 2.076 1.970 10512 897 1.76 0.88 1.9701 spSpec-51662-0308-070.n 222.689267 -0.733418 18.97 18.72 18.54 18.36 18.11 14:50:45.42 -00:44:00.30 2.076 2.034 5249 865 2.80 2.81 2.02396 spSpec-51929-0490-252.n 163.657852 64.896633 18.95 18.73 18.54 18.26 18.12 10:54:37.88 64:53:47.87 1.803 1.666 15117 1593 0.96 0.61 1.66634 spSpec-52266-0555-246.n 141.402576 54.041069 18.90 18.74 18.58 18.40 18.18 09:25:36.62 54:02:27.85 2.027 1.791 23879 3925 5.88 3.02 1.7952 spSpec-51821-0359-169.n 261.293061 53.408344 18.86 18.68 18.58 18.46 18.30 17:25:10.33 53:24:30.04 1.972 1.920 5537 1743 0.96 0.97 1.917 why not that?22 spSpec-51900-0390-443.n 5.366178 1.072279 18.99 18.65 18.64 18.33 18.37 00:21:27.88 01:04:20.20 1.819 1.789 4290 1118 1.95 1.28 1.77922 spSpec-51900-0390-443.n 5.366178 1.072279 18.99 18.65 18.64 18.33 18.37 00:21:27.88 01:04:20.20 1.819 1.789 3242 848 2.41 2.32 1.789

BA

Lm

iniB

AL

NA

L

CIV absorbers found

Restframe wavelength (A)

CIV absorbers found

• Number of miniBALs = 423

• Number of quasars with miniBALs = 284

• Number of quasars with miniBALs at v > 10,000 km s-1 = 175

• Number of quasars with miniBALs at v > 25,000 km s-1 = 51

• Number of miniBALs = 423

• Number of quasars with miniBALs = 284

• Number of quasars with miniBALs at v > 10,000 km s-1 = 175

• Number of quasars with miniBALs at v > 25,000 km s-1 = 51

CIV absorbers foundCIV absorbers found

2.5%

14%

Some questions:Some questions:

What sorts of structures and what lines of sight through the outflow produce miniBALs?

How often should we see miniBALs vs BALs and NALs if we view these outflows along random sightlines?

How fast do miniBALs evolve or cross the line of sight? Should we see acceleration /decceleration?

Should HV miniBALs come with more/less Xray abs than BALs?

What sorts of structures and what lines of sight through the outflow produce miniBALs?

How often should we see miniBALs vs BALs and NALs if we view these outflows along random sightlines?

How fast do miniBALs evolve or cross the line of sight? Should we see acceleration /decceleration?

Should HV miniBALs come with more/less Xray abs than BALs?

Variability studyVariability study

CIV!

CIVSiIV+OIV

PG 0935+417

v ~ 51,000 km/s

Ly+NV

HV CIV

Observed wavelength (A)

Flu

xVariability studyVariability study

Searching for Variability: Data

Searching for Variability: Data

KPNO 2.1m : R~200 km s-1, ~3600-6200 A

MDM 2.4m : R~230 km s-1 , ~3600-5200 A (collaboration with Joe Shields)

Lick 3.0m : (collaboration with Jason Prochaska)

Literature: LBQS survey (Hewitt et al. 1994), etc…

KPNO 2.1m : R~200 km s-1, ~3600-6200 A

MDM 2.4m : R~230 km s-1 , ~3600-5200 A (collaboration with Joe Shields)

Lick 3.0m : (collaboration with Jason Prochaska)

Literature: LBQS survey (Hewitt et al. 1994), etc…

Variability study: some results

Variability study: some results

• 18 well-measured quasars in 3 observing campaigns• 5 quasars show clear variability in miniBALs

(5/18~30%):

If changes are due to ionization:

tobs=0.7-1.9 yrs = high (?) upper limit for tvar

ne= 6000-16200 cm-3 : lower limit

Rmax=1700-4900 pc : upper limit

• So far, no variability in NALs• Most systems vary only in strength, but some show

shift in velocities

Current & Future workCurrent & Future work Continue Variability study ->looking for

more intrinsic systems and monitoring campaign to study flow properties of confirmed ones

High resolution observations of best/interesting candidates to obtain more accurate properties

Compare to absorption in Xray data to explore UV-Xray correlations and the relationship miniBALs-BALs

Input results in current theoretical models to help constrain parameters

Continue Variability study ->looking for more intrinsic systems and monitoring campaign to study flow properties of confirmed ones

High resolution observations of best/interesting candidates to obtain more accurate properties

Compare to absorption in Xray data to explore UV-Xray correlations and the relationship miniBALs-BALs

Input results in current theoretical models to help constrain parameters

SummarySummary We have searched the SDSS database looking for

CIV absorbers to compile, for the first time, a catalog of CIV absorption lines in high-redshift quasars: 2,200 quasars, 5320 CIV absorption systems found

We did and continue to follow up some of these systems with new observations (KPNO 2.1m, MDM 2.4m, Lick 3.0m) to confirm intrinsic nature based on variability and characterize it.

We will follow up with Xray observations to study the relationship UV-Xray absorbers and miniBALs-BALs.

We will input the results into theoretical models to help constrain model parameters.

We have searched the SDSS database looking for CIV absorbers to compile, for the first time, a catalog of CIV absorption lines in high-redshift quasars: 2,200 quasars, 5320 CIV absorption systems found

We did and continue to follow up some of these systems with new observations (KPNO 2.1m, MDM 2.4m, Lick 3.0m) to confirm intrinsic nature based on variability and characterize it.

We will follow up with Xray observations to study the relationship UV-Xray absorbers and miniBALs-BALs.

We will input the results into theoretical models to help constrain model parameters.Xiexie

Questionable/Interesting HV candidates

Questionable/Interesting HV candidates