hf lighting tips

3222 635 1815105/98Printed in the NetherlandsData subject to changehttp://www.lighting.philips.com/

Hints and tips

for installing

HF electronic lighting

HINTS AND TIPS FOR INSTALLING

HF ELECTRONIC LIGHTING

3HINTS FOR THE INSTALLATION

OF HF LUMINAIRES

4THE LIGHTING INSTALLATION AND

THE ENVIRONMENT

6MORE INFORMATION OR SUPPORT NEEDED?

5OTHER ASPECTS

2HINTS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION

OF LUMINAIRES WITH HF CONTROL GEAR

1INTRODUCTION

CONTENTS•

2.1 Earthing 72.2 Ignition aid 7

2.1 What is an ignition aid? 72.2 When and how to use an ignition aid 72.3 What to do if the use of an ignition aid is not possible 7

2.3 Voltage rating of components and wiring 82.4 Hints for wiring 8

4.1 General wiring 84 2 Control and lamp wiring (regulating ballasts) 94.3 Special wiring 94.4 Changing from conventional to HF gear 94.5 Wiring for luminaires with three or four HF-P ballasts 94.6 Wiring diagrams 10

2.5 Ambient temperatures and lifetime of the ballast 15

3.1 Master-slave applications 173.2 Earth leakage circuit breakers 173.3 Inrush currents 173.4 Testing the installation 193.5 Ambient luminaire temperatures and optimum

ballast lifetime 203.6 Trouble-shooting 20

4.1 Electromagnetic compatibility 231.1 RFI (radio frequency interference) 231.2 Immunity 24

4.2 Humidity 244.3 Interference with infra-red remote control equipment 244.4 Interference with translation/congress systems 244.5 Norms and approvals 24

5.1 Emergency lighting 275.2 HF ballasts and dimming 27

On account of their great advantages compared to conventional gear,high-frequency (HF) electronic ballasts have gained great popularity inmany applications over the last decade.The use of electronicsprovides more comfort and flexibility, whilst the light can be easilyregulated to one’s own requirements.Another highly relevant benefitof HF lighting is the fact that considerable cost reductions can beobtained thanks to the energy-saving qualities of HF electronics.Besides, the compact electronic components of these days allow for anew innovative design of luminaires.A typical example of this is theTL5 system.

The built-in quality of Philips lighting components

In many laboratories all over the world, lighting engineers are workinghard on constant improvement of Philips products, including ballasts,for the provision of reliable and first-rate lighting installations.Obviously, great emphasis is thereby laid on quality in terms ofperformance, lifetime and similar aspects.Philips HF electronic ballasts are manufactured in ISO 9001-certifiedfactories.All ballasts fulfil the relevant international norms, ensuringoptimum performance and safety for those who are going to workwith and in the new lighting installation.But in the Philips vision that is not enough.Also easy installation andoperation are critically taken into account during the productcreation process.And the opinion of the end-user is highly valued inthis process.On top of that, Philips also take full responsibility for the care of theenvironment and are therefore ISO 14001-certified.This implies thatthe use of Philips HF electronic ballasts ensures the fulfilment of theenvironmental management system, as certified by the official approval of the Dutch test authority KEMA.

This guide

In this guide useful hints and tips can be found on how to apply HFelectronic ballasts in a lighting installation. Subjects that will be dealtwith include: the proper construction of luminaires designed to beequipped with HF control gear, as well as how to install and operatesuch luminaires.Also aspects like testing, trouble-shooting andmaintenance will be covered.The interaction between HF lighting installations and the environmentwill receive special attention too.Finally, a few words will be spent on dimming and emergency lighting,and the guide concludes with a list of literature for further reading.And remember:

Obtaining an outstanding lighting installation is not simply amatter of choosing the best possible components: theirproper installation and operation in the system is equallyimportant.

INTRODUCTION1

3HINTS FOR THE INSTALLATION

OF HF LUMINAIRES

4THE LIGHTING INSTALLATION AND

THE ENVIRONMENT

6MORE INFORMATION OR SUPPORT NEEDED?

5OTHER ASPECTS

2HINTS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION

OF LUMINAIRES WITH HF CONTROL GEAR

1INTRODUCTION

CONTENTS•

2.1 Earthing 72.2 Ignition aid 7

2.1 What is an ignition aid? 72.2 When and how to use an ignition aid 72.3 What to do if the use of an ignition aid is not possible 7

2.3 Voltage rating of components and wiring 82.4 Hints for wiring 8

4.1 General wiring 84 2 Control and lamp wiring (regulating ballasts) 94.3 Special wiring 94.4 Changing from conventional to HF gear 94.5 Wiring for luminaires with three or four HF-P ballasts 94.6 Wiring diagrams 10

2.5 Ambient temperatures and lifetime of the ballast 15

3.1 Master-slave applications 173.2 Earth leakage circuit breakers 173.3 Inrush currents 173.4 Testing the installation 193.5 Ambient luminaire temperatures and optimum

ballast lifetime 203.6 Trouble-shooting 20

4.1 Electromagnetic compatibility 231.1 RFI (radio frequency interference) 231.2 Immunity 24

4.2 Humidity 244.3 Interference with infra-red remote control equipment 244.4 Interference with translation/congress systems 244.5 Norms and approvals 24

5.1 Emergency lighting 275.2 HF ballasts and dimming 27

On account of their great advantages compared to conventional gear,high-frequency (HF) electronic ballasts have gained great popularity inmany applications over the last decade.The use of electronicsprovides more comfort and flexibility, whilst the light can be easilyregulated to one’s own requirements.Another highly relevant benefitof HF lighting is the fact that considerable cost reductions can beobtained thanks to the energy-saving qualities of HF electronics.Besides, the compact electronic components of these days allow for anew innovative design of luminaires.A typical example of this is theTL5 system.

The built-in quality of Philips lighting components

In many laboratories all over the world, lighting engineers are workinghard on constant improvement of Philips products, including ballasts,for the provision of reliable and first-rate lighting installations.Obviously, great emphasis is thereby laid on quality in terms ofperformance, lifetime and similar aspects.Philips HF electronic ballasts are manufactured in ISO 9001-certifiedfactories.All ballasts fulfil the relevant international norms, ensuringoptimum performance and safety for those who are going to workwith and in the new lighting installation.But in the Philips vision that is not enough.Also easy installation andoperation are critically taken into account during the productcreation process.And the opinion of the end-user is highly valued inthis process.On top of that, Philips also take full responsibility for the care of theenvironment and are therefore ISO 14001-certified.This implies thatthe use of Philips HF electronic ballasts ensures the fulfilment of theenvironmental management system, as certified by the official approval of the Dutch test authority KEMA.

This guide

In this guide useful hints and tips can be found on how to apply HFelectronic ballasts in a lighting installation. Subjects that will be dealtwith include: the proper construction of luminaires designed to beequipped with HF control gear, as well as how to install and operatesuch luminaires.Also aspects like testing, trouble-shooting andmaintenance will be covered.The interaction between HF lighting installations and the environmentwill receive special attention too.Finally, a few words will be spent on dimming and emergency lighting,and the guide concludes with a list of literature for further reading.And remember:

Obtaining an outstanding lighting installation is not simply amatter of choosing the best possible components: theirproper installation and operation in the system is equallyimportant.

INTRODUCTION1

Introduction

Unless specially mentioned, it is assumed that the HF ballasts aremounted in a Class I luminaire (provided with an earthing point), andthat they are electrically very well connected to some metal part ofthe luminaire.For ballasts housed in a metal case this is normally obtained by meansof the fixing screws with which the ballast is mounted to the earthedmounting plate.Tooth-lock washers should be used to ensure aproper earth contact right through the paint or lacquer covering theluminaire. Fixing screws for mounting the ballast should be 4 mm dia.Ballasts in a plastic housing must be earthed via the connector.

Generally speaking, fluorescent lamps at all temperatures require anignition aid for proper ignition.This is stated in IEC 60081 - Annex A.If a certain type of lamp does not need an ignition aid, this must bespecifically mentioned in the relevant lamp documentation providedby the lamp manufacturer, for example, PL-T lamps.

What is an ignition aid?

An ignition aid, sometimes also called ‘starting aid’, is a metal platewith a length extending at least over the lamp length and a width of atleast 1.5 times the lamp diameter. It should be connected to earth (orto an earth contact on the ballast).Typically, the distance between the ignition aid and the surface of thelamp should be:

20 mm for ‘TL’D lamps,6 mm for TL5 lamps,12 mm for PLL lamps.

Note:Under no circumstance should there be any conducting (metal) platebetween the ignition aid and the lamp, unless it is electrically connected tothe earth point of the luminaire (or an earth contact on the ballast).This also applies, for instance, for an aluminium reflector.The ignition aid must directly face the lamp.

When and how to use an ignition aid

• For Class I (i.e. mains earthed) metal luminaires a separate ignitionaid will in general not be required, as the luminaire itself will fulfilthis function.

• For Class I plastic luminaires, a separate ignition aid has to bemounted and connected to earth.

• In the case of Class II luminaires (no provision for protectiveearthing), the ignition aid must be connected to the earth connectorof the ballast.

What to do if the use of an ignition aid is notpossible?

The proper ignition of the lamps will depend on the type of ballast,

HINTS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION 2

2 1EARTHING

OF LUMINAIRES WITH

HF CONTROL GEAR

2 2IGNITION AID

Introduction

Unless specially mentioned, it is assumed that the HF ballasts aremounted in a Class I luminaire (provided with an earthing point), andthat they are electrically very well connected to some metal part ofthe luminaire.For ballasts housed in a metal case this is normally obtained by meansof the fixing screws with which the ballast is mounted to the earthedmounting plate.Tooth-lock washers should be used to ensure aproper earth contact right through the paint or lacquer covering theluminaire. Fixing screws for mounting the ballast should be 4 mm dia.Ballasts in a plastic housing must be earthed via the connector.

Generally speaking, fluorescent lamps at all temperatures require anignition aid for proper ignition.This is stated in IEC 60081 - Annex A.If a certain type of lamp does not need an ignition aid, this must bespecifically mentioned in the relevant lamp documentation providedby the lamp manufacturer, for example, PL-T lamps.

What is an ignition aid?

An ignition aid, sometimes also called ‘starting aid’, is a metal platewith a length extending at least over the lamp length and a width of atleast 1.5 times the lamp diameter. It should be connected to earth (orto an earth contact on the ballast).Typically, the distance between the ignition aid and the surface of thelamp should be:

20 mm for ‘TL’D lamps,6 mm for TL5 lamps,12 mm for PLL lamps.

Note:Under no circumstance should there be any conducting (metal) platebetween the ignition aid and the lamp, unless it is electrically connected tothe earth point of the luminaire (or an earth contact on the ballast).This also applies, for instance, for an aluminium reflector.The ignition aid must directly face the lamp.

When and how to use an ignition aid

• For Class I (i.e. mains earthed) metal luminaires a separate ignitionaid will in general not be required, as the luminaire itself will fulfilthis function.

• For Class I plastic luminaires, a separate ignition aid has to bemounted and connected to earth.

• In the case of Class II luminaires (no provision for protectiveearthing), the ignition aid must be connected to the earth connectorof the ballast.

What to do if the use of an ignition aid is notpossible?

The proper ignition of the lamps will depend on the type of ballast,

HINTS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION 2

2 1EARTHING

OF LUMINAIRES WITH

HF CONTROL GEAR

2 2IGNITION AID

2 4HINTS FOR WIRING

2 3VOLTAGE RATING OF

COMPONENTS AND WIRING

4.1 General wiring2

2.3 What to do if the use of an ignition aid is not possible

the position of the ballast and the wiring between the ballast and thelamp(s).For this reason, luminaires without ignition aid can only be releasedafter testing.

In general, 250V-rated electrical components and 300V-rated wiring(as H05 classification) can be used in luminaires.Exceptions to this rule are the dimming systems for PLT and TL5.Here, 500V-rated lampholders and 450V-rated lamp wiring (like H07)have to be used, on account of the high lamp voltages (up to430Vrms).Normal ‘H07’ wiring has a minimum conductor cross-section of 1.5 mm2.The HF-REGULATOR ballast is suitable for such a conductorthickness, but most TL5/PLT lampholders can only cope with amaximum wire cross-section of 1.0 mm2. In that situation, ask yourlocal cable supplier for 450V-rated wiring with a conductor thicknessof 0.5-1.0 mm2.

Note: High lamp voltages may arise when fluorescent lamps are dimmed. Ifthis happens, it has always to do with the chosen lamp concept and is notdependent on ballast technology.

General wiring

It is important to heed the following indications if optimum systemperformance and minimum radio frequency interference are to beobtained:

• Keep mains (and control) wiring away from lamp wiring and lamps(minimum distance 2 cm) (see Fig.1).

• If complete separation is not possible, screen the mains (andcontrol) wiring by an earthed metal sheath or plate.

• Keep mains (and control) wires as short as possible.• As a general rule, the length of the wires should be in accordance

with the advised figure for the relevant ballast type.• Avoid loops in all wiring.• Take care of firm electrical contact between all metal parts and the

ballast housing.

Control and lamp wiring (regulating ballasts)

In the case of control wiring, the following points should be regarded:• The wiring to the control input must be dealt with like mains wiring.• Do not short-circuit the lamp wires for more than five minutes.

Otherwise, the ballasts may be damaged.

Special wiring

In the case of throughput wiring:• Take extra care that throughput wiring in a luminaire is completely

separated from the lamp wiring in order to avoid deterioration ofthe EMC behaviour of the luminaire.

Changing from conventional to HF gear

HF electronic ballasts consist of one single unit, replacing variouscomponents in conventional electromagnetic systems, such as a radio-interference capacitor, a starter and an electromagnetic ballast.When changing from a conventional ballast system to an electronicone, but also when swopping from one electronic ballast to another, itis advised to check:1.The quality of wires and lampholders (ageing). If these components

are not in optimum condition, replace all existing wiring beforeinstalling a new electronic ballast.Also all the redundantcomponents of the previous electromagnetic system should beremoved.

2. Follow the hints as given in section 2.4.1: General wiring.

Wiring for luminaires with three or four HF-P ballasts

When three or four HF-PREFORMER (HF-P) ballasts are used in aClass I luminaire, the maximum earth leakage current may surpass themaximum allowed 1.0 mA (according IEC 598).Reverse-connecting the mains and neutral on one or two of theballasts in the luminaire will cause the maximum earth leakagecurrent to fall below the required 1.0 mA.

Fig. 1. Mains and control wir ing at minimumdistance of 2 cm from lamp and

lamp wir ing.

>2cm>2cm

HF ballast

2 4HINTS FOR WIRING

2 3VOLTAGE RATING OF

COMPONENTS AND WIRING

4.1 General wiring2

2.3 What to do if the use of an ignition aid is not possible

the position of the ballast and the wiring between the ballast and thelamp(s).For this reason, luminaires without ignition aid can only be releasedafter testing.

In general, 250V-rated electrical components and 300V-rated wiring(as H05 classification) can be used in luminaires.Exceptions to this rule are the dimming systems for PLT and TL5.Here, 500V-rated lampholders and 450V-rated lamp wiring (like H07)have to be used, on account of the high lamp voltages (up to430Vrms).Normal ‘H07’ wiring has a minimum conductor cross-section of 1.5 mm2.The HF-REGULATOR ballast is suitable for such a conductorthickness, but most TL5/PLT lampholders can only cope with amaximum wire cross-section of 1.0 mm2. In that situation, ask yourlocal cable supplier for 450V-rated wiring with a conductor thicknessof 0.5-1.0 mm2.

Note: High lamp voltages may arise when fluorescent lamps are dimmed. Ifthis happens, it has always to do with the chosen lamp concept and is notdependent on ballast technology.

General wiring

It is important to heed the following indications if optimum systemperformance and minimum radio frequency interference are to beobtained:

• Keep mains (and control) wiring away from lamp wiring and lamps(minimum distance 2 cm) (see Fig.1).

• If complete separation is not possible, screen the mains (andcontrol) wiring by an earthed metal sheath or plate.

• Keep mains (and control) wires as short as possible.• As a general rule, the length of the wires should be in accordance

with the advised figure for the relevant ballast type.• Avoid loops in all wiring.• Take care of firm electrical contact between all metal parts and the

ballast housing.

Control and lamp wiring (regulating ballasts)

In the case of control wiring, the following points should be regarded:• The wiring to the control input must be dealt with like mains wiring.• Do not short-circuit the lamp wires for more than five minutes.

Otherwise, the ballasts may be damaged.

Special wiring

In the case of throughput wiring:• Take extra care that throughput wiring in a luminaire is completely

separated from the lamp wiring in order to avoid deterioration ofthe EMC behaviour of the luminaire.

Changing from conventional to HF gear

HF electronic ballasts consist of one single unit, replacing variouscomponents in conventional electromagnetic systems, such as a radio-interference capacitor, a starter and an electromagnetic ballast.When changing from a conventional ballast system to an electronicone, but also when swopping from one electronic ballast to another, itis advised to check:1.The quality of wires and lampholders (ageing). If these components

are not in optimum condition, replace all existing wiring beforeinstalling a new electronic ballast.Also all the redundantcomponents of the previous electromagnetic system should beremoved.

2. Follow the hints as given in section 2.4.1: General wiring.

Wiring for luminaires with three or four HF-P ballasts

When three or four HF-PREFORMER (HF-P) ballasts are used in aClass I luminaire, the maximum earth leakage current may surpass themaximum allowed 1.0 mA (according IEC 598).Reverse-connecting the mains and neutral on one or two of theballasts in the luminaire will cause the maximum earth leakagecurrent to fall below the required 1.0 mA.

Fig. 1. Mains and control wir ing at minimumdistance of 2 cm from lamp and

lamp wir ing.

>2cm>2cm

HF ballast

2.4.5 Wiring for luminaires with three or four HF-P ballasts2

2.4.5 Wiring for luminaires with three or four HF-P ballasts

Wiring diagrams

HF-REGULATOR ballasts in ‘TL’ lamp circuits

Wire lengths at lamp side:1 lamp: keep (hot) wires to terminals 1 and 2 short (< 0.75 m)2 lamps: keep (hot) wires to terminals 3, 4 and 5 short (< 0.75 m)

Wire cross-section: 0.5 - 1.5 mm2

HF-REGULATOR ballasts in PL-L lamp circuits

Wire lengths at lamp side:keep all wires at < 0.75 m1 lamp: do not bunch (hot) wires to terminals 1 and 2 with (cold)

wires to terminals 3 and 42 lamps: do not bunch (hot) wires to terminals 3, 4 and 5 with (cold)

wires to terminals 1, 2, 6 and 7

HF-REGULATOR ballasts in PL-T/C lamp circuits

wires to terminals 3 and 42 lamps: do not bunch (hot) wires to terminals 1 and 2 and terminals

7 and 8 with (cold) wires to terminals 3 and 4 and terminals 5 and 6

HF ballastL N

HF ballast

1 lamp

2 lamps

HF ballastL N

HF ballast

1 lamp

2 lamps

Fig. 2. Wir ing diagram for HF-REGULATORballasts in ‘TL’ lamp circuits .

Fig. 3. Wir ing diagram for HF-REGULATORballasts in PL-L lamp circuits .

Fig. 4. Wir ing diagram for HF-REGULATORballasts in PL-T/C lamp circuits .

HF ballast

1 lamp

2 lamps

2.4.5 Wiring for luminaires with three or four HF-P ballasts2

Wiring diagrams

HF-REGULATOR ballasts in ‘TL’ lamp circuits

Wire lengths at lamp side:1 lamp: keep (hot) wires to terminals 1 and 2 short (< 0.75 m)2 lamps: keep (hot) wires to terminals 3, 4 and 5 short (< 0.75 m)

HF-REGULATOR ballasts in PL-L lamp circuits

wires to terminals 3 and 42 lamps: do not bunch (hot) wires to terminals 3, 4 and 5 with (cold)

wires to terminals 1, 2, 6 and 7

HF-REGULATOR ballasts in PL-T/C lamp circuits

wires to terminals 3 and 42 lamps: do not bunch (hot) wires to terminals 1 and 2 and terminals

7 and 8 with (cold) wires to terminals 3 and 4 and terminals 5 and 6

HF ballastL N

HF ballast

1 lamp

2 lamps

HF ballastL N

HF ballast

1 lamp

2 lamps

Fig. 2. Wir ing diagram for HF-REGULATORballasts in ‘TL’ lamp circuits .

Fig. 3. Wir ing diagram for HF-REGULATORballasts in PL-L lamp circuits .

Fig. 4. Wir ing diagram for HF-REGULATORballasts in PL-T/C lamp circuits .

HF ballast

1 lamp

2 lamps

HF-PERFORMER ballasts (square housing) in PL-L and PL-T/C lamp circuits

Wire lengths at lamp side:keep all wires at < 1 m

HF-PERFORMER ballasts in ‘TL’ lamp circuits

Wire lengths at lamp side:1 lamp: keep (hot) wires to terminals 3 and 4 short (< 0.75 m)2 lamps: keep (hot) wires to terminals 1, 2, 6 and 7 short (< 0.75 m)3 and 4 lamps: keep (hot) wires to terminals 9, 10, 11 and

12 short (< 0.75 m)

HF-PERFORMER ballasts (linear housing) in PL-L lampcircuits

Fig. 5. Wir ing diagram for HF-PERFORMERballasts in ‘TL’ lamp circuits .

HF ballastL N

1 lamp

HF ballastL N

2 lamps

HF ballastL N

1211109

3 lamps

HF ballastL N

1211109

4 lamps

Fig. 6. Wir ing diagram for HF-PERFORMERballasts in PL-L lamp circuits .

HF ballastL N 4

HF ballast

1 lamp

2 lamps

Fig. 7. Wir ing diagram for HF-PERFORMERballasts in PL-T/C lamp circuits .

HF ballast

1 lamp

2 lamps 32, 42W

LaHF ballast

2 lamps 13, 18, 24, 26W

HF-PERFORMER ballasts (square housing) in PL-L and PL-T/C lamp circuits

HF-PERFORMER ballasts in ‘TL’ lamp circuits

Wire lengths at lamp side:1 lamp: keep (hot) wires to terminals 3 and 4 short (< 0.75 m)2 lamps: keep (hot) wires to terminals 1, 2, 6 and 7 short (< 0.75 m)3 and 4 lamps: keep (hot) wires to terminals 9, 10, 11 and

12 short (< 0.75 m)

HF-PERFORMER ballasts (linear housing) in PL-L lampcircuits

Fig. 5. Wir ing diagram for HF-PERFORMERballasts in ‘TL’ lamp circuits .

HF ballastL N

1 lamp

HF ballastL N

2 lamps

HF ballastL N

1211109

3 lamps

HF ballastL N

1211109

4 lamps

Fig. 6. Wir ing diagram for HF-PERFORMERballasts in PL-L lamp circuits .

HF ballastL N 4

HF ballast

1 lamp

2 lamps

Fig. 7. Wir ing diagram for HF-PERFORMERballasts in PL-T/C lamp circuits .

HF ballast

1 lamp

2 lamps 32, 42W

LaHF ballast

2 lamps 13, 18, 24, 26W

2 5AMBIENT TEMPERATURES AND

LIFETIME OF THE BALLASTThe maximum temperature in a luminaire is important for thelifetime of electronic ballasts.The only correct way of measuringTambient for the ballast in the luminaire, is to measure Tcase at the testpoint on the ballast.The measurements can be done withtemperature-indicating devices or with a thermocouple.For all HF electronic ballasts, the maximum Tcase temperature is75 ˚C.The nominal lifetime of the ballast is 50 000 hours at a Tcase

temperature of 65 ˚C (10 % failures).Every increase of the Tcase by 10 ˚C will halve the lifetime of theballast.Example:Tcase = 55 ˚C, lifetime approx. 100 000 hours,Tcase = 75 ˚C, lifetime approx. 25 000 hours.Exceeding the maximum Tcase temperature will result in anundefined reduction of the ballast’s lifetime.Below Tcase = 55 ˚C the lifetime of the ballast will improve, but not bya factor 2 per 10 ˚C.

Tips for ballast temperature reduction:1. Mount the ballast not too close to the lamp ends.2.Take care of good heat transport to the surroundings, called heat-

sinking.3. Avoid heat radiation from lamp to ballast.4. Create extra luminaire volume.

HF-BASIC ballasts in ‘TL’ lamp circuits

Wire lengths at lamp side:1 lamp: keep wires to terminals 1 and 2 short (< 0.75 m)2 lamps: keep wire to terminal 1 short (< 0.75 m)

HF-BASIC ballasts in PL-L lamp circuits

Wire lengths at lamp side:1 lamp: keep all wires at < 1 m

Fig. 8. Wir ing diagram for HF-BASIC ballastsin ‘TL’ lamp circuits .

HF ballastL N

HF ballast

1 lamp

2 lamps

Fig. 9. Wir ing diagram for HF-BASIC ballastsin PL-L lamp circuits .

HF ballastL N 3

HF ballast

1 lamp

2 lamps

2 5AMBIENT TEMPERATURES AND

LIFETIME OF THE BALLASTThe maximum temperature in a luminaire is important for thelifetime of electronic ballasts.The only correct way of measuringTambient for the ballast in the luminaire, is to measure Tcase at the testpoint on the ballast.The measurements can be done withtemperature-indicating devices or with a thermocouple.For all HF electronic ballasts, the maximum Tcase temperature is75 ˚C.The nominal lifetime of the ballast is 50 000 hours at a Tcase

temperature of 65 ˚C (10 % failures).Every increase of the Tcase by 10 ˚C will halve the lifetime of theballast.Example:Tcase = 55 ˚C, lifetime approx. 100 000 hours,Tcase = 75 ˚C, lifetime approx. 25 000 hours.Exceeding the maximum Tcase temperature will result in anundefined reduction of the ballast’s lifetime.Below Tcase = 55 ˚C the lifetime of the ballast will improve, but not bya factor 2 per 10 ˚C.

Tips for ballast temperature reduction:1. Mount the ballast not too close to the lamp ends.2.Take care of good heat transport to the surroundings, called heat-

sinking.3. Avoid heat radiation from lamp to ballast.4. Create extra luminaire volume.

HF-BASIC ballasts in ‘TL’ lamp circuits

Wire lengths at lamp side:1 lamp: keep wires to terminals 1 and 2 short (< 0.75 m)2 lamps: keep wire to terminal 1 short (< 0.75 m)

HF-BASIC ballasts in PL-L lamp circuits

Wire lengths at lamp side:1 lamp: keep all wires at < 1 m

Fig. 8. Wir ing diagram for HF-BASIC ballastsin ‘TL’ lamp circuits .

HF ballastL N

HF ballast

1 lamp

2 lamps

Fig. 9. Wir ing diagram for HF-BASIC ballastsin PL-L lamp circuits .

HF ballastL N 3

HF ballast

1 lamp

2 lamps

OF HF LUMINAIRES

2.4.5 Wiring for luminaires with three or four HF-P ballasts HINTS FOR THE INSTALLATION3

3 1MASTER-SLAVEAPPLICATIONS

There are situations where two single-lamp luminaires in a so-calledmaster-slave configuration must be operated on one HF ballastdesigned to operate two lamps (see Fig. 10).In that case, follow the indications with regard to cable length andmaximum distances as shown in the accompanying drawing.This is toavoid problems with regard to frequency interference and ignition.The cable connecting the master luminaire with the slave luminaireshould not be of the shielded type.

HF and master-slave wiring length (see Figure)

Ballast type D L

HF-B ‘TL’D < 1m < 3 m

HF-P ‘TL’D < 1 m < 3 m

HF-P TL5 < 0.1 m < 2 m

HF-R ‘TL’D/TL5 < 0.1 m < 2 m

The earth leakage current of HF electronic ballasts is normally lessthan 0.5 mArms.At the moment of switching-on the installation, theearth leakage current may, however, be temporarily higher. For thisreason it is advised not to connect more than 30 ballasts on one 30mA earth leakage circuit breaker.

Like all electronic equipment, electronic HF ballasts have a peakcurrent shortly after the mains is switched on, the so-called inrushcurrent.When a number of HF ballasts are operated on Mains CircuitBreakers (MCB’s) and are therefore switched on simultaneously, theinrush currents have to be taken into account when calculating themaximum permitted load on the MCB’s.The various types of Philips HF ballasts have been measured whenoperated on MCB’s under the worst conceivable mains conditions.Both B-type and C-type 16 A MCB’s have been considered.Theresults of these measurements are reproduced in the tables overleaf,stating recommended maximum number of ballasts to be operatedon one MCB for various lamp loads.

3 3INRUSH CURRENTS

3 2EARTH LEAKAGE CIRCUIT

BREAKERS

HFballast

master luminaires slave luminaires

Fig. 10. Master-slave configuration with oneballast operating two luminaires.

OF HF LUMINAIRES

2.4.5 Wiring for luminaires with three or four HF-P ballasts HINTS FOR THE INSTALLATION3

3 1MASTER-SLAVEAPPLICATIONS

There are situations where two single-lamp luminaires in a so-calledmaster-slave configuration must be operated on one HF ballastdesigned to operate two lamps (see Fig. 10).In that case, follow the indications with regard to cable length andmaximum distances as shown in the accompanying drawing.This is toavoid problems with regard to frequency interference and ignition.The cable connecting the master luminaire with the slave luminaireshould not be of the shielded type.

HF and master-slave wiring length (see Figure)

Ballast type D L

HF-B ‘TL’D < 1m < 3 m

HF-P ‘TL’D < 1 m < 3 m

HF-P TL5 < 0.1 m < 2 m

HF-R ‘TL’D/TL5 < 0.1 m < 2 m

The earth leakage current of HF electronic ballasts is normally lessthan 0.5 mArms.At the moment of switching-on the installation, theearth leakage current may, however, be temporarily higher. For thisreason it is advised not to connect more than 30 ballasts on one 30mA earth leakage circuit breaker.

Like all electronic equipment, electronic HF ballasts have a peakcurrent shortly after the mains is switched on, the so-called inrushcurrent.When a number of HF ballasts are operated on Mains CircuitBreakers (MCB’s) and are therefore switched on simultaneously, theinrush currents have to be taken into account when calculating themaximum permitted load on the MCB’s.The various types of Philips HF ballasts have been measured whenoperated on MCB’s under the worst conceivable mains conditions.Both B-type and C-type 16 A MCB’s have been considered.Theresults of these measurements are reproduced in the tables overleaf,stating recommended maximum number of ballasts to be operatedon one MCB for various lamp loads.

3 3INRUSH CURRENTS

3 2EARTH LEAKAGE CIRCUIT

BREAKERS

HFballast

master luminaires slave luminaires

Fig. 10. Master-slave configuration with oneballast operating two luminaires.

Notes:1. It is advised to apply type C MCB’s in lighting installations equipped with

electronic ballasts.2.Always make sure that the mains current of the load does not exceed

the nominal permitted value of the MCB concerned. In fact, it isrecommended that the installation be designed for a maximum load of80 % of the nominal permitted MCB load.

3. If an existing installation is changed from conventional control gear toelectronic gear the higher simultaneous inrush currents in the newsituation necessitate the installed switch rating and protection levels to bereconsidered.

Maximum number of ballasts to be used on one MCB on account ofinrush currents

3 4TESTING THE INSTALLATION

3.3 Inrush currents3

3.3 Inrush currents

HF-REGULATOR,‘TL’DLoad MCB type

B type 16A C type 16A118 18 30218 18 30136 18 30236 18 30158 18 30258 8 13

HF-REGULATOR, PL-LLoad MCB type

B type 16A C type 16A136 18 30236 18 30140 18 30240 8 13155 18 30255 8 13

HF-PERFORMER,‘TL’DLoad MCB type

B type 16A C type 16A118 30 51218 28 47318 12 20418 12 20136 30 51236 28 47138 30 51238 12 20158 30 51258 12 20160 28 47170 28 47270 12 20

HF-PERFORMER, PL-LLoad MCB type

B type 16A C type 16A118 18 30218 16 27124 18 30224 16 27136 30 51236 28 47140 30 51240 12 20155 30 51255 12 20

HF-PERFORMER,TL5Load MCB type

B type 16A C type 16A114 30 51214 18 31314 12 20414 12 20121 30 51221 18 31128 30 51228 28 48135 30 51235 28 48149 30 51249 12 20

HF-PERFORMER, PL-T/CLoad MCB type

B type 16A C type 16A110-113 18 30210-213 18 30118 18 30218 16 27126 18 30226 16 27132 18 30232 8 14142 18 30242 8 14

HF-BASIC,‘TL’D/PL-LLoad MCB type

B type 16A C type 16A136 18 30236 18 30158/155 18 30258/255 12 20

Tip: If it is absolutely necessary to connect more than the specifiednumber of ballasts to one MCB, install a relay in the circuitry asshown in Fig. 11. Thus, it is ensured that the peak current in theconnected ballasts does not occur simultaneously.

Testing a HF lighting installation on wire insulation should be carriedout with the luminaires disconnected in order to exclude luminaireinfluences (see Figs. 12 and 13).The earth leakage current of theballast will, for example, lead to unreliable measurements.When, however, in special circumstances the luminaires must remainconnected, the following warnings should be paid attention to:• Voltages of max. 500 V DC with limited currents (< 2 mA) between

mains and earth or between neutral and earth are allowed for amaximum time of 1 minute.

• Testing between mains and neutral is not permitted, as this mightcause damage to the ballast.

• After the test has been completed, make sure that the neutral isreconnected, since a disconnected neutral will result inunpredictable mains voltages (50 V.....400 V), which, again, maydamage the ballast.

Fig. 11. Inclusion of a relay in the circuit.

Relay y

n luminaires m luminaires

V1230 V

V3230 V

V2230 V

Fig. 12. Normal situation in neutral-connected circuit.

V1 = ?

V2 = ?V3 = ?

Fig. 13. Situation when neutral is notconnected (‘ ‘loose neutral’ ’) and the load on

all phases is not symmetr ical.

Notes:1. It is advised to apply type C MCB’s in lighting installations equipped with

electronic ballasts.2.Always make sure that the mains current of the load does not exceed

the nominal permitted value of the MCB concerned. In fact, it isrecommended that the installation be designed for a maximum load of80 % of the nominal permitted MCB load.

3. If an existing installation is changed from conventional control gear toelectronic gear the higher simultaneous inrush currents in the newsituation necessitate the installed switch rating and protection levels to bereconsidered.

Maximum number of ballasts to be used on one MCB on account ofinrush currents

3 4TESTING THE INSTALLATION

3.3 Inrush currents3

3.3 Inrush currents

HF-REGULATOR,‘TL’DLoad MCB type

B type 16A C type 16A118 18 30218 18 30136 18 30236 18 30158 18 30258 8 13

HF-REGULATOR, PL-LLoad MCB type

B type 16A C type 16A136 18 30236 18 30140 18 30240 8 13155 18 30255 8 13

HF-PERFORMER,‘TL’DLoad MCB type

B type 16A C type 16A118 30 51218 28 47318 12 20418 12 20136 30 51236 28 47138 30 51238 12 20158 30 51258 12 20160 28 47170 28 47270 12 20

HF-PERFORMER, PL-LLoad MCB type

B type 16A C type 16A118 18 30218 16 27124 18 30224 16 27136 30 51236 28 47140 30 51240 12 20155 30 51255 12 20

HF-PERFORMER,TL5Load MCB type

B type 16A C type 16A114 30 51214 18 31314 12 20414 12 20121 30 51221 18 31128 30 51228 28 48135 30 51235 28 48149 30 51249 12 20

HF-PERFORMER, PL-T/CLoad MCB type

B type 16A C type 16A110-113 18 30210-213 18 30118 18 30218 16 27126 18 30226 16 27132 18 30232 8 14142 18 30242 8 14

HF-BASIC,‘TL’D/PL-LLoad MCB type

B type 16A C type 16A136 18 30236 18 30158/155 18 30258/255 12 20

Tip: If it is absolutely necessary to connect more than the specifiednumber of ballasts to one MCB, install a relay in the circuitry asshown in Fig. 11. Thus, it is ensured that the peak current in theconnected ballasts does not occur simultaneously.

Testing a HF lighting installation on wire insulation should be carriedout with the luminaires disconnected in order to exclude luminaireinfluences (see Figs. 12 and 13).The earth leakage current of theballast will, for example, lead to unreliable measurements.When, however, in special circumstances the luminaires must remainconnected, the following warnings should be paid attention to:• Voltages of max. 500 V DC with limited currents (< 2 mA) between

mains and earth or between neutral and earth are allowed for amaximum time of 1 minute.

• Testing between mains and neutral is not permitted, as this mightcause damage to the ballast.

• After the test has been completed, make sure that the neutral isreconnected, since a disconnected neutral will result inunpredictable mains voltages (50 V.....400 V), which, again, maydamage the ballast.

Fig. 11. Inclusion of a relay in the circuit.

Relay y

n luminaires m luminaires

V1230 V

V3230 V

V2230 V

Fig. 12. Normal situation in neutral-connected circuit.

V1 = ?

V2 = ?V3 = ?

Fig. 13. Situation when neutral is notconnected (‘ ‘loose neutral’ ’) and the load on

all phases is not symmetr ical.

STARTMains supply is on

Remove and re-insert the lamp(s)

Possible cause:poor contact

Check mainswiring and fusing

Change ballastand/or wiring

Call local support office

Check mains voltage at the ballast

Check ballast/lampwiring

and ballast/lamp type

Remark: with 2-lamp ballast both lamps stop when one lamp fails; with 3- or

4-lamp ballast one or two lamps continue to burn when one lamp fails

Lamp(s) burn

Mains voltageOK

Wiring/typeOK

Lamp(s) burn

Lamp(s) do not burn

Exchange ballast

Exchange lamp(s)

Cause: defectivelamp(s)

Lamp(s) burn

3 5AMBIENT LUMINAIRE TEMPERATURES

AND OPTIMUM BALLAST LIFETIME

3 6TROUBLE-SHOOTING

3.6 Trouble-shooting3

3.4 Testing the installation

The heat produced in the luminaire by ballast and lamps must beabducted to the surroundings.When a luminaire is physically isolatedby the ceiling or by isolating blankets, the heat produced cannot easilyflow to the surroundings.This will result in the ballast inside theluminaire being heated up, which in turn will have an adverse effect onits life.To what degree this will be the case depends on the construction ofthe luminaire and the free air flow inside it.For an optimum lifetime of the ballast it is important to rememberthat:• air should be able to flow freely around the luminaire,• air handling through the luminaire has a positive effect on

temperature control and thus on ballast life.

By following the flow charts on the next pages possible installationproblems can be traced and solved systematically if a lightinginstallation equipped with HF ballasts does not work properly.As regulating ballasts may create their own problems, a separatetrouble-shooting flow chart has been included for them as well.

All HF ballasts

STARTMains supply is on

Remove and re-insert the lamp(s)

Possible cause:poor contact

Check mainswiring and fusing

Change ballastand/or wiring

Call local support office

Check mains voltage at the ballast

Check ballast/lampwiring

and ballast/lamp type

Remark: with 2-lamp ballast both lamps stop when one lamp fails; with 3- or

4-lamp ballast one or two lamps continue to burn when one lamp fails

Lamp(s) burn

Mains voltageOK

Wiring/typeOK

Lamp(s) burn

Lamp(s) do not burn

Exchange ballast

Exchange lamp(s)

Cause: defectivelamp(s)

Lamp(s) burn

3 5AMBIENT LUMINAIRE TEMPERATURES

AND OPTIMUM BALLAST LIFETIME

3 6TROUBLE-SHOOTING

3.6 Trouble-shooting3

3.4 Testing the installation

The heat produced in the luminaire by ballast and lamps must beabducted to the surroundings.When a luminaire is physically isolatedby the ceiling or by isolating blankets, the heat produced cannot easilyflow to the surroundings.This will result in the ballast inside theluminaire being heated up, which in turn will have an adverse effect onits life.To what degree this will be the case depends on the construction ofthe luminaire and the free air flow inside it.For an optimum lifetime of the ballast it is important to rememberthat:• air should be able to flow freely around the luminaire,• air handling through the luminaire has a positive effect on

temperature control and thus on ballast life.

By following the flow charts on the next pages possible installationproblems can be traced and solved systematically if a lightinginstallation equipped with HF ballasts does not work properly.As regulating ballasts may create their own problems, a separatetrouble-shooting flow chart has been included for them as well.

All HF ballasts

3.6 Trouble-shooting THE LIGHTING INSTALLATION4

Electromagnetic compatibility, EMC, is the ability of a device orsystem to operate satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment,without causing unacceptable interference in practical situations.

Philips HF electronic ballasts fulfil the requirements with regard toelectromagnetic compatibility as laid down in European Norms EN55015, EN 61000-3-2 and EN 61547.

RFI (radio frequency interference)

The radio frequency interference (RFI) regulations as laid down in EN55015 concern the frequency range between 9 and 30 kHz. However,nowadays more and more electronic products are being marketedthat operate on higher frequencies, like for example communicationequipment.The RFI-requirements for this kind of equipment are laiddown in the more stringent norm EN 55022, valid for frequencies upto 1000 MHz.Philips HF electronic ballasts fulfil the requirements of this latternorm and are therefore the best choice if they are to operate in anenvironment where other equipment is used working on frequenciesup to 1000 MHz.Apart from these general norms, there are some specific regulationsin force for rooms where diagnostic or observation equipment isplaced. In VDE 0107 norms are defined for these kind of rooms.Measurements on Philips electronic ballasts have shown that in therelevant frequency ranges, no interference of any significance occurs.Also, the Lawrence Berkeley laboratory in the United States hastested luminaires with Philips electronic ballasts and could not findany influence on sensitive CAT, EEG and ECG equipment.

AND THE ENVIRONMENT

4 1ELECTROMAGNETIC

COMPATIBILITY

electricalor

electronicsystem

Fig. 14. The electromagnetic environment .

STOP STOP

Lamp(s) cannot be dimmed

Call local supportoffice

Short circuit dimming input on ballast

Re-connect wiringwith +/- reversed

Exchange controldevice

Short circuit dimming wiringbetween ballast and control device at the control device

Check and modifywiring between

ballast and control

Change + and - of thecontrol wires at the

control device

Dimming functionOK

Lamp dims

Exchange ballast

Lamp(s) always dims

Loosen dimming wiring on ballast

Disconnect dimming wiring at control

device

Dimming functionOK

Lamp still dims

Check dimming wiring from ballast to control device on correct +/- 10V DC voltage

Extension for Regulating ballasts

3.6 Trouble-shooting THE LIGHTING INSTALLATION4

Electromagnetic compatibility, EMC, is the ability of a device orsystem to operate satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment,without causing unacceptable interference in practical situations.

Philips HF electronic ballasts fulfil the requirements with regard toelectromagnetic compatibility as laid down in European Norms EN55015, EN 61000-3-2 and EN 61547.

RFI (radio frequency interference)

The radio frequency interference (RFI) regulations as laid down in EN55015 concern the frequency range between 9 and 30 kHz. However,nowadays more and more electronic products are being marketedthat operate on higher frequencies, like for example communicationequipment.The RFI-requirements for this kind of equipment are laiddown in the more stringent norm EN 55022, valid for frequencies upto 1000 MHz.Philips HF electronic ballasts fulfil the requirements of this latternorm and are therefore the best choice if they are to operate in anenvironment where other equipment is used working on frequenciesup to 1000 MHz.Apart from these general norms, there are some specific regulationsin force for rooms where diagnostic or observation equipment isplaced. In VDE 0107 norms are defined for these kind of rooms.Measurements on Philips electronic ballasts have shown that in therelevant frequency ranges, no interference of any significance occurs.Also, the Lawrence Berkeley laboratory in the United States hastested luminaires with Philips electronic ballasts and could not findany influence on sensitive CAT, EEG and ECG equipment.

AND THE ENVIRONMENT

4 1ELECTROMAGNETIC

COMPATIBILITY

electricalor

electronicsystem

Fig. 14. The electromagnetic environment .

STOP STOP

Lamp(s) cannot be dimmed

Call local supportoffice

Short circuit dimming input on ballast

Re-connect wiringwith +/- reversed

Exchange controldevice

Short circuit dimming wiringbetween ballast and control device at the control device

Check and modifywiring between

ballast and control

Change + and - of thecontrol wires at the

control device

Dimming functionOK

Lamp dims

Exchange ballast

Lamp(s) always dims

Loosen dimming wiring on ballast

Disconnect dimming wiring at control

device

Dimming functionOK

Lamp still dims

Check dimming wiring from ballast to control device on correct +/- 10V DC voltage

Extension for Regulating ballasts

4 5NORMS AND APPROVALS

4 4INTERFERENCE WITH TRANSLATION/

CONGRESS SYSTEMS

4 3INTERFERENCE WITH INFRA-REDREMOTE CONTROL EQUIPMENT

4 2HUMIDITY

1.1 RFI (radio frequency interference)

Immunity

When the mains voltage deviates from its nominal value more thanthe ballast tolerance permits (230V ± 10 %), adverse effects on lamplife, ballast life and light output can be expected.Excessively high voltages (Umains > 320V) over a considerable periodof time (> 48 hours) will damage the ballast.Mains transients and dips, on the other hand, will not harm theballast, provided they are within the regulations of EN 61547.

HF electronic ballasts do not have any special protection againsthumidity. Nevertheless, Philips electronic ballasts have been tested onsensitivity to humid conditions and have proven to be able to resist arelative air humidity of up to 95 %.Direct water ingress will, however, damage the ballast.It is therefore wise to pay attention to a few safeguards:• Make sure that there can be no condensation on or in the ballast.• Also make sure that the ballast is mounted in such a way that no

condensed or other water can flow over or into the ballast.

Video and audio apparatus, computers and also lighting installationsnowadays often operate on infra-red remote control.The frequencyof such infra-red signals is in the order of 36 kHz. In order to avoidany interference with this kind of equipment, the operating frequencyof all Philips HF electronic ballasts has been chosen so that problemsin the 36 kHz frequency area are out of the question.

Translation/congress systems operate at frequencies that mightinterfere with regulating control gear. Common frequencies of suchsystems are: 55 - 95 - 135 - 175 - 215 - 255 - 295 - 335 and 375 kHz.Hints:• It is advised not to apply HF regulating ballasts in areas where the

translation/congress systems mentioned are in use.• The lower frequency bands between 55 and 175 kHz of translation

systems should not be used in rooms where electronic ballasts havebeen installed.

Philips HF electronic ballasts comply with all relevant internationalrules and regulations, including:

Safety EN 60928

Performance EN 60929

Harmonics EN 61000-3-2

Radio frequency interference < 30 MHz EN 55015

Radio frequency interference > 30 Mhz EN 55022 (not for HF-B, HF-PLT/C)

(radio frequency interference is measured in a reference luminaire)

4 4.5 Norms and approvals

Immunity for: mains transients, EN 61547

voltage dips,

electrostatic discharge

Vibration and bump tests IEC 68-2-6 FC and

IEC 68-2-29 EB

Emergency lighting VDE 0108 (HF-BASIC, all applications)

VDE 0108 (HF-P, HF-R, depending on the

emergency installation and application)

Approvals ENEC* (replaces local approbation marks

such as KEMA,VDE, etc.)

Quality standard ISO 9001

Environmental management system ISO 14001

* ENEC is the abbreviation of European Norm ElectrotechnicalCertification. More than twenty Certification bodies from CENELECmember countries have joined the ‘Agreement on the use of acommonly agreed mark of conformity for luminaires complying withEuropean standards’.This agreement is in short referred to as theLUM agreement. It means that if the ENEC marking is given by oneCertification body, it is also recognised by all the other members.Themarking can be obtained for luminaires for which a European Norm(EN) exists, with the exception of luminaires for emergency lighting.In 1995 the LUM group and the LVE-AC (Low Voltage ElectricalEquipment Advisory Committee) decided that luminaire accessorieslike gear, ignitors, lampholders, electronic converters and capacitorscan obtain the ENEC marking if they fulfil the harmonised ENstandards.Philips HF electronic ballasts received the ENEC marking on the basisof complying with EN 60928, EN 60929 and the ISO 9001 certificate.

All Philips HF electronic ballasts carry the CE marking. CE is theabbreviation of Conformité Européenne. It states conformity ofproducts to the essential requirements of the European CommunityDirectives. It is a kind of passport for goods to circulate freelythroughout the European Union. Furthermore, it enables MarketControlling Bodies to carry out their inspection more easily.Lighting products are covered by two European directives: theElectromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive and the Low Voltage(LV) Directive. Philips HF electronic ballasts carry the CE marking onthe basis of fulfilment of the follwing standards:EN 61547, EN 61000-3-2 and EN 55015 (as tested in a Philipsreference luminaire).

4 5NORMS AND APPROVALS

4 4INTERFERENCE WITH TRANSLATION/

CONGRESS SYSTEMS

4 3INTERFERENCE WITH INFRA-REDREMOTE CONTROL EQUIPMENT

4 2HUMIDITY

1.1 RFI (radio frequency interference)

Immunity

When the mains voltage deviates from its nominal value more thanthe ballast tolerance permits (230V ± 10 %), adverse effects on lamplife, ballast life and light output can be expected.Excessively high voltages (Umains > 320V) over a considerable periodof time (> 48 hours) will damage the ballast.Mains transients and dips, on the other hand, will not harm theballast, provided they are within the regulations of EN 61547.

HF electronic ballasts do not have any special protection againsthumidity. Nevertheless, Philips electronic ballasts have been tested onsensitivity to humid conditions and have proven to be able to resist arelative air humidity of up to 95 %.Direct water ingress will, however, damage the ballast.It is therefore wise to pay attention to a few safeguards:• Make sure that there can be no condensation on or in the ballast.• Also make sure that the ballast is mounted in such a way that no

condensed or other water can flow over or into the ballast.

Video and audio apparatus, computers and also lighting installationsnowadays often operate on infra-red remote control.The frequencyof such infra-red signals is in the order of 36 kHz. In order to avoidany interference with this kind of equipment, the operating frequencyof all Philips HF electronic ballasts has been chosen so that problemsin the 36 kHz frequency area are out of the question.

Translation/congress systems operate at frequencies that mightinterfere with regulating control gear. Common frequencies of suchsystems are: 55 - 95 - 135 - 175 - 215 - 255 - 295 - 335 and 375 kHz.Hints:• It is advised not to apply HF regulating ballasts in areas where the

translation/congress systems mentioned are in use.• The lower frequency bands between 55 and 175 kHz of translation

systems should not be used in rooms where electronic ballasts havebeen installed.

Philips HF electronic ballasts comply with all relevant internationalrules and regulations, including:

Safety EN 60928

Performance EN 60929

Harmonics EN 61000-3-2

Radio frequency interference < 30 MHz EN 55015

Radio frequency interference > 30 Mhz EN 55022 (not for HF-B, HF-PLT/C)

(radio frequency interference is measured in a reference luminaire)

4 4.5 Norms and approvals

Immunity for: mains transients, EN 61547

voltage dips,

electrostatic discharge

Vibration and bump tests IEC 68-2-6 FC and

IEC 68-2-29 EB

Emergency lighting VDE 0108 (HF-BASIC, all applications)

VDE 0108 (HF-P, HF-R, depending on the

emergency installation and application)

Approvals ENEC* (replaces local approbation marks

such as KEMA,VDE, etc.)

Quality standard ISO 9001

Environmental management system ISO 14001

* ENEC is the abbreviation of European Norm ElectrotechnicalCertification. More than twenty Certification bodies from CENELECmember countries have joined the ‘Agreement on the use of acommonly agreed mark of conformity for luminaires complying withEuropean standards’.This agreement is in short referred to as theLUM agreement. It means that if the ENEC marking is given by oneCertification body, it is also recognised by all the other members.Themarking can be obtained for luminaires for which a European Norm(EN) exists, with the exception of luminaires for emergency lighting.In 1995 the LUM group and the LVE-AC (Low Voltage ElectricalEquipment Advisory Committee) decided that luminaire accessorieslike gear, ignitors, lampholders, electronic converters and capacitorscan obtain the ENEC marking if they fulfil the harmonised ENstandards.Philips HF electronic ballasts received the ENEC marking on the basisof complying with EN 60928, EN 60929 and the ISO 9001 certificate.

All Philips HF electronic ballasts carry the CE marking. CE is theabbreviation of Conformité Européenne. It states conformity ofproducts to the essential requirements of the European CommunityDirectives. It is a kind of passport for goods to circulate freelythroughout the European Union. Furthermore, it enables MarketControlling Bodies to carry out their inspection more easily.Lighting products are covered by two European directives: theElectromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive and the Low Voltage(LV) Directive. Philips HF electronic ballasts carry the CE marking onthe basis of fulfilment of the follwing standards:EN 61547, EN 61000-3-2 and EN 55015 (as tested in a Philipsreference luminaire).

4.5 Norms and approvals OTHER ASPECTS5

5 1EMERGENCYLIGHTING

Most electronic ballasts are suitable for use in emergency lightinginstallations. Distinction must, however, be made between centralisedand decentralised emergency lighting. Provided the correct voltagesare applied, electronic ballasts can be used in centralised installations.When talking about a decentralised emergency lighting set-up, manydifferent configurations are possible. In general the emergencyconverter must have a four-pole switch-over relay to ensure that thewiring between the HF ballast and the lamp is completely shut offwhen the emergency lighting is in operation. Interference from theemergency converter to the HF ballast is then out of the question.Some emergency lighting installations equipped with a three-poleswitch-over relay can also be used in combination with HF electronicballasts, but this has to be checked and warranted by the emergencylighting supplier and installer.

Fluorescent lamps can be dimmed with dimmable HF electronicballasts, such as the Philips HF-REGULATOR types.Philips HF-REGULATOR ballasts can be controlled by a 1-10 V DCinput from various types of regulating systems.In Fig. 15, an example is shown of an electronic potentiometer (LPS 100) regulating the dimming level via the +/- DC input on the HF-REGULATOR ballast.It can be seen that a total number of up to 100 HF-R ballastspowered by different phases can be controlled (see Fig. 16).The control wiring must be dealt with like 230 V wiring.For more information on the installation of different control systems,contact your local sales agent.

5 2HF BALLASTS AND DIMMING

Fig. 15. LPS 100 potentiometer.

4.5 Norms and approvals OTHER ASPECTS5

5 1EMERGENCYLIGHTING

Most electronic ballasts are suitable for use in emergency lightinginstallations. Distinction must, however, be made between centralisedand decentralised emergency lighting. Provided the correct voltagesare applied, electronic ballasts can be used in centralised installations.When talking about a decentralised emergency lighting set-up, manydifferent configurations are possible. In general the emergencyconverter must have a four-pole switch-over relay to ensure that thewiring between the HF ballast and the lamp is completely shut offwhen the emergency lighting is in operation. Interference from theemergency converter to the HF ballast is then out of the question.Some emergency lighting installations equipped with a three-poleswitch-over relay can also be used in combination with HF electronicballasts, but this has to be checked and warranted by the emergencylighting supplier and installer.

Fluorescent lamps can be dimmed with dimmable HF electronicballasts, such as the Philips HF-REGULATOR types.Philips HF-REGULATOR ballasts can be controlled by a 1-10 V DCinput from various types of regulating systems.In Fig. 15, an example is shown of an electronic potentiometer (LPS 100) regulating the dimming level via the +/- DC input on the HF-REGULATOR ballast.It can be seen that a total number of up to 100 HF-R ballastspowered by different phases can be controlled (see Fig. 16).The control wiring must be dealt with like 230 V wiring.For more information on the installation of different control systems,contact your local sales agent.

5 2HF BALLASTS AND DIMMING

Fig. 15. LPS 100 potentiometer.

SUPPORT NEEDED?

5.2 HF ballasts and dimming MORE INFORMATION OR6

Readers who want further information or support on installationaspects of HF electronic ballasts, are invited to contact their localPhilips support office.

Also, for further reading the following printed documentation isavailable on request:

• Application guide to TL/CFL/QL lamp control gearA 160-page booklet explaining all application and installation aspectsin depth, ordering number 3222 635 16641.

• Product information leaflets of the individual ballast typesTwo- to four-page folders with technical details, ordering numbersas per item.

• Compact product informationA CD-ROM with compact information, including dimensions andphotos, ordering number 3222 991 08201.

• Service policy and product replacement overview for HF control gearAn historical overview of ballasts, including a replacement table.

Hint:The dimming control wiring in the installation should be keptseparate from the mains wiring when the length of the wires exceeds5 m. Otherwise, interference between mains and dimming wiringmight occur.This could cause light flicker or 100 Hz light modulation.Tip:If separation of the wiring is not possible, use shielded control wiring.

Fig. 16. Manual HF regulation.

HFRballast

LPS 100

to lamps

- + L1 L2 L3 N

HFR luminaire

to otherHFR luminaires

SUPPORT NEEDED?

5.2 HF ballasts and dimming MORE INFORMATION OR6

Readers who want further information or support on installationaspects of HF electronic ballasts, are invited to contact their localPhilips support office.

Also, for further reading the following printed documentation isavailable on request:

• Application guide to TL/CFL/QL lamp control gearA 160-page booklet explaining all application and installation aspectsin depth, ordering number 3222 635 16641.

• Product information leaflets of the individual ballast typesTwo- to four-page folders with technical details, ordering numbersas per item.

• Compact product informationA CD-ROM with compact information, including dimensions andphotos, ordering number 3222 991 08201.

• Service policy and product replacement overview for HF control gearAn historical overview of ballasts, including a replacement table.

Hint:The dimming control wiring in the installation should be keptseparate from the mains wiring when the length of the wires exceeds5 m. Otherwise, interference between mains and dimming wiringmight occur.This could cause light flicker or 100 Hz light modulation.Tip:If separation of the wiring is not possible, use shielded control wiring.

Fig. 16. Manual HF regulation.

HFRballast

LPS 100

to lamps

- + L1 L2 L3 N

HFR luminaire

to otherHFR luminaires

3222 635 1815105/98Printed in the NetherlandsData subject to changehttp://www.lighting.philips.com/

Hints and tips

for installing

HF electronic lighting

hf lighting tips

Documents