healthy food for kids healthy food, healthy children, healthy life

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Healthy Food for Kids Healthy Food for Kids Healthy Food, healthy children, healthy life

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Page 1: Healthy Food for Kids Healthy Food, healthy children, healthy life

Healthy Food for KidsHealthy Food for KidsHealthy Food, healthy children, healthy life

Page 2: Healthy Food for Kids Healthy Food, healthy children, healthy life

The importance of good nutritionThe importance of good nutrition

Growth and brain development Health protection and immunity Protection against adult diseases Energy regulation Protection of teeth and gums Improved behaviour Development of good eating habits for life

Page 3: Healthy Food for Kids Healthy Food, healthy children, healthy life

Birth to twelve monthsBirth to twelve months

First year of life is greatest period of human growth

Growth is directly reflected by nutrient intake Head circumference nearly doubles in first 12

months Birth weight doubles in first 5 months and triples

by 12 months Birth length increases by 16-18 cm in first 6

months and 25 cm in first 12 months 50% of food intake is used by the brain.

Page 4: Healthy Food for Kids Healthy Food, healthy children, healthy life

Toddlers, one to three yearsToddlers, one to three years

Growth slows – reduction in appetiteHead circumference increases by 3-4

cm from 1-3 yrs70% of adult brain size is achieved by

age threeTo predict child’s height, double

height at age 2.

Page 5: Healthy Food for Kids Healthy Food, healthy children, healthy life

Children, three to ten yearsChildren, three to ten years

Slow steady growth in both boys and girls Average growth of 5-6 cm and 2-3kg per

year until 9th or 10th birthday Brain growth continues slowly and steadily

until full brain development is achieved at around 16

95% of the adult brain size by age 7 Total body fat decreases in toddlers until

age 6, when it begins to increase again

Page 6: Healthy Food for Kids Healthy Food, healthy children, healthy life

Children, three to ten yearsChildren, three to ten years

Puberty may begin in girls as young as eight Both boys and girls develop a layer of fat about

8-10 yrs to fuel puberty growth spurt. After age 8-9, girls naturally have more body fat

than boys – rounder, more curvaceous figure Girls begin puberty growth spurt from 9-11,

about 2 years earlier than boys Boys develop more muscle (therefore more

strength) than girls at puberty and girls develop more fat.

Page 7: Healthy Food for Kids Healthy Food, healthy children, healthy life

Health protection and immunityHealth protection and immunity

Good nutrition is essential for production of protective immune cells to fight infection and disease.

Breastmilk contains anti infection agents Breast fed babies have fewer colds, ear

infections and gastroenteritis, and fight off illness more quickly

Full breastfeeding with no additional food, drinks or water recommended by WHO for first six months.

Page 8: Healthy Food for Kids Healthy Food, healthy children, healthy life

Health protection and immunityHealth protection and immunity

Lymphatic system doubles by age 7, then again by age 12.

Good daily nutrition vital to produce immune tissues and white blood cells to engulf and destroy viruses & bacteria

Malnourished children suffer more infections – produce fewer white blood cells, immunoglobulin, anti-bodies and other immune cells.

Can become vicious cycle as appetite is affected by illness, leading to poor nutrition leading to illness again.

Page 9: Healthy Food for Kids Healthy Food, healthy children, healthy life

Protection against adult diseasesProtection against adult diseases

Major diseases such as cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes and certain cancers have origins in childhood.

Providing fruit and vegetables to babies, toddlers and children is known to reduce their risk of cancer.

Low fat diet, particularly saturated fats. Protects arteries against build up of fatty deposits and cholesterol – atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis can lead to heart disease, kidney disease or stroke

Overweight or obesity often begins in childhood. Obesity leads to atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure.

Page 10: Healthy Food for Kids Healthy Food, healthy children, healthy life

Other benefitsOther benefits

Protection of teeth and gumsEnergy regulation Improved behaviourDevelopment of good eating habits

for life

Page 11: Healthy Food for Kids Healthy Food, healthy children, healthy life

Children’s needsChildren’s needs

Protein – meat, fish, poultry, legumes, eggs, -2g of protein /kg of body weight /day

Calcium – 600-750 ml milk (or equivalent) per day

Iron – haem iron from animal foods; non haem from plants –eat with Vit C to help absorption.

Fibre – after age 2, need minimum of 5g + age (7yr child needs 12g fibre per day min)

Page 12: Healthy Food for Kids Healthy Food, healthy children, healthy life

Food GroupsFood Groups

Cereals and Bread – provide energy, preferably wholegrain; Need at least 4 serves per day

Vegetables – most brightly coloured provide most protective substances. 5 serves from a range of different types

Fish, meat, eggs, legumes – protein, minerals and iron. 1-2 serves per day

Milk and dairy – builds bones & teeth. 600 ml per day or equivalent.