hazardous area approvals

The smart choice of Fluid Control Systems

Approvals

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Contents

1. Safety included Page 6

3. European approvals3.1. Certified quality system 6

3.2. Regulated area Page 26

3.3. Unregulated area Page 26

3.4. Existing approvals at Bürkert Page 26

2. Explosion protection2.1. Preconditions for an explosion Page 8

Ignition sources Page 8

Mixtures Page 8

Zones Page 9

2.2. Measures to prevent an explosion Page 10

Primary explosion protection Page 10

Secondary explosion protection Page 10

Tertiary explosion protection Page 11

2.3. European approvals for explosion protection Page 12

ATEX directive and standards Page 12

Classification and marking Page 13

2.4. North American approvals for explosion protection Page 20

NEC Article 505 Page 20

NEC Article 500 Page 20

Classification and marking Page 21

2.5. Other national approvals for explosion protection Page 24

Japan Page 24

Russia Page 24

Ukraine Page 24

Australia Page 24

2.6. Application: Ex-i circuit Page 25

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8. Approvals by UL, CSA and FM 2

9. Explosion-protected devices Page 34

with European approval

4. North American approvals 4.1. Fundamental safety considerations Page 27

4.2. Approvals from Underwriters’ Laboratories Page 28

UL-listed Page 28

UL-recognized Page 28

UL-classified Page 28

4.3. Factory Mutual Research Corporation Page 28

4.4. Canadian Standard Association Page 28

5. Other national approvals 5.1. VDE approval as water valve for domestic use Page 29

5.2. Germanischer Lloyd Page 29

5.3. Safety valves in accordance with DIN 19250 and 19251 Page 29

6. Approvals for flammable gases and liquids 6.1. Gas appliances for Europe (former DVGW approval) Page 30

6.2. Gas appliances for North America Page 30

6.3. Approval as safety shut-off valve Page 30

7. Approvals and recommendations in the hygiene sector 7.1. KTW Recommendation (Plastics for Drinking Water) Page 31

7.2. FDA/NFS (Food and Drug Administration) Page 31

7.3. 3-A approval Page 31

7.4. EHEDG European Hygienic Equipment Design Group Page 31

By its very nature, technology whichserves man and society must complywith special guidelines concerning safety and environmental compatibility.Regulations which rank as legislationvery precisely regulate what applies toall suppliers on the relevant marketand at the same time, regulate the basis for standardized productionconditions.

The term “approvals” covers all stan-dards for specific products with whichevery manufacturer, in particular everyoperator of technical installations,must comply. Depending on the par-ticular situation and country, this mayimply efforts, complexity or expenseswhich, quite simply, can be better regulated with the competence of themanufacturer.

Bürkert meets its customers’ require-ments with coordinated services fo-cusing on an extremely wide variety ofapprovals and, in addition to providingcompetent consulting, offers approvaltesting by approval agencies, forexample full implementation of CSAapprovals in our laboratory, which hasbeen authorized for this purpose.

Standard, law or recommendation?

Due to legislative stipulations, direc-tives and standards are lent the character of a national law or, in somecases, internationally valid law as well.In cases in which the legislature pres-cribes a notified body, we speak of anapproval and of a Declaration of Conformity, in which the manufactureritself confirms compliance with spe-cific standards. Moreover, there are institutions which issue only recom-mendations, but whose significancenot infrequently corresponds to that ofa law.

One special aspect relates to the operators of machines or installationssubject to mandatory monitoring. Ingeneral, they are requested by super-visory bodies, such as the GermanEmployers’ Liability Insurance Asso-ciation in Germany, to use only approved equipment complying withthe given safety requirements in theirinstallations.

This scenario merely touches on thenational aspects for approvals. And,as is normally the case, the devil is inthe detail here as well. The list of spe-cial approvals would fill volumes – andis a very good argument for ensuringthat you enlist the services of Bürkert.6

1 . Safety inc luded

What global playersneed to consider

European countries have developedvery close ties regarding free tradeand the associated unification of standards relating to technical safetyrequirements. Here as well, exceptionsprove the rule that identical require-ments apply in all EU countries.

The situation is different in North American countries such as the USAor Canada. Those who export to thesecountries must also comply with thecriteria applicable there. Thus, the USDepartment of Occupational Safetyand Health Administration (OSHA) requires electrical installations andequipment to bear the test mark of theNRTL (National Registered Test Labor-atory) and stipulates that productionmust be audited four times per year.Aggravating the situation is that thesesupra-regional regulations are compli-cated with regional specifications ineach case.

Furthermore, as concerns the “jungle”of differentiated regulations prevailingin the growth markets of the Far Eastor Russia, you will be on the safe sideif you let our trained experts assistyou in obtaining worldwide approvalsfor your products.

The smart choice ofFluid Control Systems

Bürkert guarantees you the right choice. And not only in technical re-spects. Our components and systemscomply with the most stringent safetystandards worldwide. We will be pleased to assist you in procuring appropriate approvals for your instal-lations. If it is possible, it is possiblewith Bürkert. Worldwide.

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2.1.Preconditions for anexplosion

By the term “explosion”, we mean anexothermic reaction of a combustiblesubstance or a hazardous, potentiallyexplosive atmosphere with oxygen in-volving the release of a great quantityof energy. Depending on the speed ofthe combustion process, we talk ofdeflagration, explosion or detonation.The hazard increases in proportion tothe speed of propagation and is great-est in the case of a detonation.

Wherever flammable gases, vapors ordusts occur and mix with air or oxygen,there is a risk of an explosion. Thisdoes not only concern installations inthe chemical industry and mining in-dustry; a bottling plant for high-proofliquor or a grain silo also represent apotential source of explosion. Everyunintentional explosion poses a ha-zardous risk to the health, life and limbof persons and generally leads to major property damage.

Combustible substances present inthe form of gases, vapors, hazes, mistsor dust in conjunction with oxygen, i.e.which are finely distributed, form a ha-zardous, potentially explosive atmos-phere which, if ignited, can be hazard-ous to humans or the environment.The required ignition energy may differgreatly from substance to substance.

Ignition sourcesTo ignite a potentially explosive atmos-phere, an ignition source with the minimum energy required for ignitionis required. Ignition sources may be:■ Electrical sparks and arcs■ Hot surfaces■ Electrostatic discharge phenomena■ Atmospheric discharge phenomena

(lightning flashes)■ Mechanical friction and impact

sparks■ Electromagnetic radiation■ Ultrasound■ Adiabatic compression

(shock waves)■ Ionizing radiation■ Optical radiation■ Chemical reactions■ Open flames

Secondary explosion (Ex) protectioncounteracts these sources.

MixturesThe ratio between the combustiblesubstance and the air available is con-sidered hazardous as long as it lies inthe potentially explosive range. The limits to this are referred to as the upper and lower explosive limits. Explosion cannot occur outside ofthese limits.

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2 . Exp los ion protect ion

Air(O2)

Fuel, flammable gases

Ignition source

Protective measure:avoidance of hazard-ous explosive atmosphere

Protective measure:avoidance of igni-tion sources

Protective measure:inerting

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ZonesThe explosion-hazard areas are classi-fied into zones depending on the fre-quency and duration of the occurrenceof hazardous, potentially explosiveatmospheres. For these defined zones,requirements are stipulated for theequipment permitted in these zonesand the method for verifying com-pliance with these minimum require-ments is defined. In EC Directive1999/92/EC, the zones are defined asfollows:

The probability of an explosive atmos-phere decreases with increasing distance from the danger source.Consequently, the area adjoining Zone0 is always Zone 1 and the area adjoin-ing Zone 1 is always Zone 2. This isclarified by using the example of air-craft refueling. The fuel tanks of theaircraft are located in the wings. Thisis Zone 0.

A distinction is made between gasesand dusts in the zone classificationchiefly because dusts form isolatinglayers if they are deposited on theequipment and these layers may allowthe operating temperature of a deviceto rise to a hazardous level. US stand-ard NEC 500 also distinguishes bet-ween gases and dusts and, in addition,on the basis of fibers. However, this isclearly illustrated by the further classi-fications into Classes I, II and III.

Classification and designation of danger zones in accordance withthe various standards

Explosive IEC, EN, NEC 505 IEC bzw. EN NEC 500atmosphere... Danger due to gases Danger due to dusts

present for Zone 0 Zone 20 Division 1long periods or

frequently present Zone 1 Zone 21 Division 1during normaloperation, or

occasionally anticipated Zone 2 Zone 22 Division 2only in the event of a fault

4

%-by-vol. Torr

Temp. °C0 0

20

18

120

20

140

10 40Flash point

Upper explosive limit Too rich

Potentially explosive

Too leanLower explosive limit

Par

tial

pre

ssur

e

Con

cent

ratio

n

Vapor pressure diagram of ethyl alcohol

No explosion possible,but combustible

Explosive atmosphere

No explosion possible,non-combustible

2.2.Measures to preventan explosion

Primary explosion protectionExplosion protection (in the followingreferred to as Ex protection) is aimedat preventing an explosion.

The term “primary explosion protec-tion” means all measures taken to pre-vent a hazardous, potentially explosiveatmosphere from even occurring inthe first place. These measures aregenerally taken by the operator of aninstallation and comprise the followingpoints:■ Cooling flammable liquids to below

their flash point ■ Avoiding combustible materials

(replacing them with non-hazardousalternatives)

■ Inerting (addition of nitrogen or carbon dioxide etc. in order to dis-place the oxygen from the process)

■ Concentration outside of the criticallimits (see potentially explosivemixture)

■ Natural or technical ventilation.

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Secondary explosion protectionIf explosion risks cannot be precludedor can only be incompletely precludedby primary explosion protection measures, measures must be taken to prevent the ignition of potentiallyexplosive atmospheres. This can bedone by:■ Avoiding ignition sources■ Avoiding hot surfaces■ Rules of conduct for employees

and staff (bans on open flames,smoking, working with angle grinders or welding equipment).

Positioner of intrinsicallysafe design for use inZone 1 or Zone 2

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Tertiary explosion protectionIf the possibility of both ignition sour-ces and explosive mixtures cannot beprecluded, it is necessary to permit anexplosion or attempt to burn off theflammable gases before they reachhazardous quantities. In order to pre-vent injury to persons, it is necessary: ■ to preclude the presence of per-

sons in this area,■ to take special structural measures,

and■ to ensure that the explosion process

is a controlled process (e.g. in apressure-encapsulated area).

In the Middle Ages, miners regularlyburnt off gases before they reachedexcessively large quantities. Personsfrequently lost their lives when doingthis.

Remote I/O system for connectionof 4 binary, intrinsically safe actuators and 8 binary sensors to Foundation field bus H1

3/2-way solenoid valvewith encapsulated coil foruse in Zone 1 or Zone 2

2.3.European approvalsfor explosion protection

ATEX directive and standardsFor many years now, there has beencooperation between European Stateswith the aim of harmonizing or stan-dardizing the widely differing nationalstandards. The CENELEC (Comité Européen de Normalisation Electro-technique) is the authoritative body inconjunction with explosion protection.

Within the European Union, all direc-tives (EC Directives) passed by theCouncil of European Communitiesmust be converted to national laws onthe basis of the European Treaty. It isthus ensured that the same legal stip-ulations apply in all member states.This greatly simplifies and facilitatesthe situation for manufacturers, dealers and importers.

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Common standards have been elabo-rated for the explosion protection ofelectrical installations as well, and these have then been implemented asnationally valid standards. Directive94/9/EC ATEX 100a, Equipment andProtective Systems Intended for Usein Potentially Explosive Atmospheres,was put in force in 1996 and sincethat time, has also been taken into account at Bürkert when obtainingnew approvals.

As of July 01, 2003, the previous Direc-tives 76/117/EEC, 79/196/EEC and82/130/EEC with the last amendmentare to be replaced and invalidated byDirective 94/44/EC. The transitionalperiod during which both procedureswere valid will thus have elapsed andthe new directives (94/9/EC, 99/92/ECand other enacted) relating to explosionprotection must be applied.

This means that starting July 01, 2003,it is permitted to “market” equipmentwhich is subject to the directive onlywith the new approval. “Marketing” indicates a manufacturer or importermaking products available either sub-ject to charge or not subject to chargefor the purposes of sale and/or use forthe first time in the EU. Moreover, aretention of acquired rights applies toinstalled installations and equipment.Even equipment which is not ATEX-approved may be placed back intooperation after repair if it fails afterJuly 01, 2003 and has to be repaired.

The essential differences between thenew ATEX Directive and the earlier di-rectives are as follows:■ Applicability both to mining and to

all other explosion-hazard areas■ Fundamental safety requirements

are stipulated■ Applicability for complete protection

systems■ Dust explosion protection is inclu-

ded■ Equipment is subdivided into cate-

gories which, in turn, may be usedin corresponding zones

■ The quality system of the manufac-turer has to comply with the preciseguidelines and must be certified bya testing facility (ISO 9001 does notsuffice)

■ New marking with the CE mark■ Non-electrical equipment is included

in the scope of validity

Classification andmarking

In accordance with the ATEX Directive,each device receives a marking indi-cating for what applications the deviceis suitable or may be used. A series ofabbreviations and code numbers areused for this. For this reason, the marking will be described here in de-tail using the example below.

CEThe CE mark means that the devicewas manufactured in compliance withEuropean Standards. This mark aloneis encountered very frequently withoutit always being clear to the reader/userwhat directive or standard it is basedon. It is only the manufacturer’s ECDeclaration of Conformity that clarifiesthe standards this product complieswith. This may then certainly relate toseveral standards simultaneously, e.g.:Low Voltage Directive, Directive onElectromagnetic Compatibility or Medical Device Directive...

0102: Notified bodyThe number which follows is the codefor the notified body which certifiesand regularly audits the manufacturingprocess for the devices in accordancewith the ATEX Directive. Each of thenotified bodies is appointed by theEuropean Court of Justice in Brusselsand is thus frequently referred to asthe “notified body”. In conjunctionwith the CE mark, the “regulated area”is also spoken about. Certain notifiedbodies are listed below:

LCIE France 0081INERIS France 0080BAM Germany 0589DMT Germany 0158DQS Germany 0297FSA Germany 0588IBExU Germany 0637PTB Germany � 0102TÜV H. Germany 0032KEMA The Netherlands 0344SP Sweden 0402LOM Spain 0163BASEEFA UK 0600

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ExThe “Hexagon Ex” used in everydaylanguage indicates that the componentmarked with it can be used “to preventexplosions”.

0102 ll 2G EEx ed llC T4 PTB 03 ATEX 1030 X


II: Device groupDevice group I: electrical equipmentfor firedamp-proof mine constructions.With Group I electrical equipment (mining), it is assumed that only me-thane occurs as flammable gas, but inconjunction with coal dust. This appli-cation is very specific and thus alsorequires very rugged construction ofthe components. The approval modal-ities are also specifically aimed at this.

Device group II: electrical equipmentfor all other explosion-hazard areas.Greatly differing substances may occur in these areas. Consequently, afurther subdivision into explosiongroups A, B or C is made for Group II.

2G: CategoryThe term “category” was only intro-duced in the ATEX Directive. A devicemay be approved for a specific cate-gory. This category indicates in whatzone the device may be used. This isa crucial advantage over the old mark-ing which did not clearly indicate this.

Category 1: use in Zone 0, 1, 2, 20, 21or 22Category 2: use in Zone 1, 2, 21 or 22Category 3: use in Zone 2 or 22

In addition, a distinction is made basedon whether the device is approved forexplosion-hazard areas which are ha-zardous due to gases, vapors, hazesor mists (letter G) or for dust explosionprotection (letter D). This results in thefollowing categories, which must becomplied with for use in the variouszones:Zone 0: Category 1 GZone 1: Category 2 G (in this case, aCategory 1 G device may also be used)Zone 2: Category 3 G (in this case, aCategory 1 G or 2 G device may alsobe used)Zone 20: Category 1 DZone 21: Category 2 D (in this case, aCategory 1 D device may also be used)Zone 22: Category 3 D (in this case, aCategory 1 D or 2 D device may alsobe used).

There are also devices which carryboth the 2G and 2D markings andwhich thus may be used in Zones 1, 2,21 and 22.

EEX: Euro EXThe Euro Ex – as with the Hexagon Ex– clearly indicates that the device is adevice for preventing explosions forthe European market. In North America,marking takes place in accordancewith NEC 505. analogous to this withAEx.

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0102 ll 2G EEx ed llC T4 PTB 03 ATEX 1030

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ed: Types of ignition protectionThe Euro Ex provides an indication ofthe type of ignition protection accord-ing to which the device was designedor tested. The above-mentioned standards have now been passed in regards to types of protection.

With the exception of types of protec-tion n and i, all the aforesaid types ofprotection are equivalent. That meansthat no statement can be made as tothe particular applications for which adevice is suitable or unsuitable on thebasis of these types of protection. Several different types of protectionmay also be used on one device for itscomponents. The coil and terminalbox of our valve are designed, forexample, with increased safety andthe integrated bridge-connected rec-tifier features a flameproof enclosure.This means that the marking covers“ed”. The modes of action of the indi-vidual types of protection are describedbelow.

IEC Europe Germany

Electrical equipment for 60079-0 EN 50 014 DIN EN 50 014, VDE 0170/0171 Part 1explosion-hazard areas: General provisions

Oil immersion “o“ 60079-6 EN 50 015 DIN EN 50 015, VDE 0170/0171 Part 2

Pressurized enclosure “p“ 60079-2 EN 50 016 DIN EN 50 016, VDE 0170/0171 Part 3

Powder filling “q“ 60079-5 EN 50 017 DIN EN 50 017, VDE 0170/0171 Part 4

Flameproof enclosure “d“ 60079-1 EN 50 018 DIN EN 50 018, VDE 0170/0171 Part 5

Increased safety “e“ 60079-7 EN 50 019 DIN EN 50 019, VDE 0170/0171 Part 6

Intrinsic safe “i“ 60079-11 EN 50 020 DIN EN 50 020, VDE 0170/0171 Part 7

Type of protection “n“ 60079-15 EN 50 021 DIN EN 50 021, VDE 0170/0171 Part 8

Encapsulation “m“ 60079-18 EN 50 028 DIN EN 50 028, VDE 0170/0171 Part 9


Oil immersion “o”Basic principle: type of protection inwhich the electrical equipment is madesafe by immersing in it oil so that apotentially explosive atmosphere can-not be ignited above the oil surface oroutside of the enclosure. The equip-ment can, in practical terms, be usedonly while stationary. Maintenance ofthe oil level, contamination of the sys-tem by the oil, poor working conditionsin the case of a repair and the installa-tion position resulting from the oil level,etc. have led to discontinuation of thistype of protection.

Powder filling “q”Basic principle: type of protectionwhich is achieved by filling the enclo-sure of an item of electrical equipmentwith a finely grained filling material.Neither an ignition as the result of flames nor an ignition as the result ofincreased temperature on the enclo-sure surface may occur. Very smallglass balls are primarily used as thefilling material. This is also the reasonwhy moving parts cannot be a compo-nent or used with this type of protec-tion.

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Flameproof enclosure “d”Basic principle: type of protection withwhich an explosion can occur insidethe enclosure but whose pressure iswithstood by the enclosure (between5 bar and 10 bar) and with which

transfer of the explosion to the poten-tially explosive atmosphere surround-ing the enclosure is prevented. Suchabrupt loads can be coped with, andonly with difficulty, by enclosures.Consequently, these enclosures arenot constructed gas-tight, but havearc-proof gaps. The hot gases occurr-ing must cool down to such a level inthe gaps so that they neither reachminimum ignition temperature nor minimum ignition energy outside theenclosure.

Increased safety “e”Basic principle: type of protection withwhich measures are taken to preventthe possibility of inadmissibly hightemperatures and the occurrence ofarcs inside or on external parts ofelectrical equipment with an increasedlevel of safety. The cabling leading toequipment in the intrinsically safe areais generally designed with enhancedsafety.

Pressurized enclosure “p”Basic principle: type of protection onwhich the penetration of an explosiveatmosphere into the enclosure is pre-vented by an inert gas being main-tained inside at a pressure aboveatmospheric pressure. The pressureabove atmospheric pressure is main-tained with or without constant flush-ing. Air or another inert gas is used asthe protective gas. Equipment withthis type of protection is generallymanufactured in the following versions:■ constant flushing■ maintenance of gauge pressure by

replacement of leakage losses


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Intrinsic safety “i”Basic principle: intrinsically safe circuit.A circuit in which sparks and thermaleffects cannot occur. Unlike the othertypes of protection, intrinsic safetydoes not refer only to one componentthat has been designed “safe”, but tothe entire circuit, consisting of currentsource, cabling and the actual terminaldevice. It is the only type of protectionwith which it is possible to install elec-trical components as far as Zone 0. Inthis case, even “small” sparks are per-mitted during operation of the instal-lation, e.g. when working on the elec-trical components. However, theignition energy is limited to such anextent that no ignition can occur. A distinction is made in the case of thecomponents of this type of protectionon the basis of “ia” (also for Zone 0)and “ib” (only for Zone 1, 2). “ib” means double safety. A fault may occur

and the device is still safe. “ia” meanstriple safety: 2 faults may occur andthe device is still safe.

Encapsulation “m”Basic principle: type of protection withwhich the parts that could ignite a potentially explosive atmosphere dueto sparks or heating are embedded ina potting compound. The encapsula-tion cannot have any cavities and mustfeature a minimum wall thickness.Most explosion-protected componentsmanufactured by the Bürkert companyare “made safe” today using this me-thod.

Type of protection “n”The scope of application of this typeof protection is limited to use in Zone2 or 22. The basic principle of thistype of protection is as follows: partswhich cause arcs, sparks or hot sur-faces during regular operation andwhich are capable of igniting a sur-rounding potentially explosive atmos-phere must usually be protectedagainst this by one or more of the fol-lowing measures.Ignition of the potentially explosivemixture is prevented by:■ enclosed break device “nC”■ non-incentive component “nA”■ hermetically sealed device “nC”■ sealed device “nC”■ encapsulated device “nC”■ energy-limited equipment and cir-

cuits “nL”■ restricted-breathing enclosure “nR”

or■ simplified pressurized enclosure

“nP”.

In addition to the above-listed types ofprotection, there are other, standard-ized types of protection (EN 50 033,50 039, 50 050, 50 053). These typesof protection currently do not apply toBürkert products. A precise consider-ation would exceed the scope of thispublication.��

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L R

C 2 diodes ib

3 diodes ia

Freewheeling diodes which destroy theenergy stored in the inductor within thedevice so that ignition cannot occur dueto “contact-breaking sparks”.

to be specified on the electrical equip-ment. Electrical equipment approvedfor II C may also be used for all otherexplosion groups.

In accordance with the presently appli-cable standards, a distinction mustcurrently be made based on explosiongroups A, B or C only for types of igni-tion protection “i” and “d”. Currently,certain requirements are being revised(chiefly relating to electrostatic charging). The maximum permittedsurfaces are differently limited on thebasis of groups A, B or C and, conse-quently, this distinction will probablysoon have to be specified for other types of ignition protection.

The minimum ignition current is definedwith reference to the minimum ignitioncurrent for laboratory methane (IEC60079-3).

The table below shows an overview ofthe maximum experimental safe gapsand minimum ignition currents for thevarious explosion groups.

The hazard posed by the gases in-creases from explosion group II A to II C. Accordingly, the requirementsapplicable to electrical equipment forthese explosion groups become morestringent. Consequently, a device’sdesignated explosion group may need

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IIC: explosion groupsThe explosivity and spark ignition capa-bility of a potentially explosive mixtureare typical properties of the varioussubstances. The gases and vapors aresubdivided into explosion groups. Thecriteria for the subdivision are the maximum experimental safe gap andthe minimum ignition current. The maximum experimental safe gap(MESG) and minimum ignition current(MIC) are determined for various gasesand vapors under precisely definedtest conditions. The maximum experi-mental safe gap is the gap width thatjust prevents a flame puncture of themixture in a test vessel with a 25-mmgap length (IEC 60079-1A).

Explosion group Maximum experimental Minimum current ratiosafe group reference to methane

II A > 0.9 mm > 0.8

II B 0.5 mm to 0.9 mm 0.45 to 0.8

II C < 0.5 mm < 0.45

Minimum ignitioncurrent (MIC) of thecombustion gas dueto the minimum ignition current ofmethane

MIC

MIC (CH 4)

Figure on left:Ignition test for determining the maximumexperimental safe gap for a specific mixture

Figure on right:Ignition test for determining the minimumignition energy for a specific mixture


T4: Temperature classesThe ignition temperature of a flam-mable gas or flammable liquid is thelowest temperature at which ignitionof the gas/air or vapor/air mixture occurs on a heated surface. It is determined in a defined test set-up(IEC 60079-4) and represents the lowest temperature value at which ahot surface can ignite the correspond-ing, potentially explosive atmosphere.

The maximum surface temperature ofan item of electrical equipment mustalways be lower than the ignition tem-perature of the gas/air or vapor mixturein which it is used. Of course, items ofequipment which comply with a highertemperature class (e.g. T5) are alsopermitted for applications on which alower temperature class is required(e.g. T2 or T3). In North America, thereis a system with a further subdivisioninto temperature sub-classes.

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PTBNotified body that drew up the typeexamination certificate.

03Year in which the type examinationswere conducted.

ATEXDirective on the basis of which the ap-proval was issued.

1030Document number under which thistransaction can be found at the noti-fied body.

XThis X indicates special conditions re-lated to operation of the equipment.These special conditions can be foundin the operating instructions and in theapproval of the device. This refers toimportant safety-relevant information,such as:■ Fuse ratings for fusing the device■ Installation information with type of

protection IP20■ Differing temperature classes as a

function of the method of installa-tion.

EEx approvals at BürkertIn Europe, only the solenoid coils mustbe approved as electrical equipmentfor use of the solenoid valves in explo-sion-hazard areas. At Bürkert, thesecomponents are approved in accord-ance with type of protection “m”, “e”,“ia” or “ed” and “em”. Most of the coilswith EEx-ed approval were now ap-proved as EEx-m coils by virtue of theATEX approval. Almost all solenoidvalves can be configured as explosion-protected equipment with the EEx-approved solenoid coils designated astypes of protection EEx ia, EEx ed,EEx m and EEx em. In addition, severalelectronic control units are approvedas intrinsically safe equipment EEx i.You can find an overview of the ap-proved types on Page 34.

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Temperatures Maximum permit-in accordance ted surfacewith IEC 6009/ temperature ofEN 50014 the equipment (°C)

T1 450

T2 300

T3 200

T4 135

T5 100

T6 85

Temperature classes

Heated surface with temperature measurement

Ignition test for determining the maximum surface temperature for a specific mixture


design is very sturdy and the manu-facturing costs are high. Accordingly,two different designs will be used forEurope and North America for the foreseeable future. Otherwise, thesame stipulations apply as those listedin Point 4 in this brochure. In terms ofmarking, we must point out that anAEx is used in place of the EEx.

NEC Article 500This Article does not approve thesame types of protection as in Europe.In addition, it must be mentioned thatthe potentially explosive mixture mayalso be present in the conduit connec-tion (electrical connection, generallywith 1/2” NPT internal thread) and these conduit connections must with-stand an explosion pressure of up to415 bar dependent on approval class.This explains the, in some cases, veryrugged design of these connections.The marking and classification of theequipment will be explained using thefollowing example.

2.4.North American Exapprovals

The USA and Canada both belong tothe IEC but, unlike Europe, only recent-ly implemented the IEC Recommenda-tions related to the Ex area (HazardousLocations) in a national law. This meansthat two different standard systemsare currently valid. The installationcode of practice is stated in the rele-vant national regulations (NEC = Na-tional Electrical Code for USA or CEC= Canadian Electrical Code for Cana-da). The essential differences with re-spect to the European regulations arethe subdivision of the Ex area into the“divisions” and the requirement thatthe electrical connection be made witha conduit (tubes in which the electricalcables are laid). The regulations validsince then have been implemented inNEC Article 500, and the new IEC Re-commendations have been imple-mented in NEC Article 505. We will di-stinguish between these different articles in order to simplify our con-siderations:

NEC Article 505This allows usage of the same typesof protection as in the IEC StandardSeries 60079, which are also used andapproved in Europe. However, in addi-tion to the resultant design require-ments, the electrical connection mustbe made by means of a conduit (in-trinsic safety is an exception to this).This conduit connection must with-stand the explosion pressure depen-dent on the group. In view of this, the

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IS I/II 1 CDEFG T6/T5 Ta = 70° C 699008 Entity Type 4X

Type of protection

Class

Division

Group

Temperature class

Amb. temperature

Documentation

Entity concept

Enclosure type

Explosion-proof (XP)This can be equated with flameproofenclosure. However, it is also assumedthat the air/gas mixture may be pre-sent in the conduit. Consequently, theexplosion pressure, which will differdepending on mixture (see Group above), must also be allowed for. Thispressure is 415 bar for the applicationin Group A or B.

Intrinsically safe (IS)This is comparable with intrinsic safetyin Europe. An extremely great advan-tage of this type of protection is that itdoes not prescribe a conduit as thetype of electrical connection. Conse-quently, this is the only type of protec-tion in accordance with which one andthe same design of solenoid valvesand other approved electrical equip-ment can be approved both in Europeand in the USA. On the basis of theEuropean approval of the coil, the En-tity System must be used for the American approval. The approval re-fers to the system. For this purpose, acircuit diagram or control drawing spe-cifying the corresponding limit valuesmust be enclosed with the devices. In addition, approval of the entire solenoid valve is required in the USAbut only approval of the coil is requiredin Europe. This can be explained withthe safety requirements as well as inrespect to the medium.

Pressurized type X, Y or ZThis type of protection is comparablewith pressurized enclosure. The excesspressure present in the enclosure en-sures that a potentially explosive air/gas mixture cannot penetrate it. A dis-tinction is also made on the basis oftype X, Y and Z, whereby X and Ymust be used for Division 1 and Zmust be used for Division 2.

Dust-ignition-proof (DIP)This type of protection relates to dustexplosion protection and indicatesthat corresponding design measurespreclude the possibility of dust pene-trating the enclosure. Types of protec-tion XP, IS, type PX and PY are stipu-lated for use in Division 1 and 2Groups A – D and Type PZ is stipulatedfor use in Division 2 of Groups A – D.Type of protection DIP is prescribedfor use in dust explosion protection(Group E – G) of Division 1 and 2.

Non-incentive (NI)This type of protection is intended foruse in Division 2 and consequentlydoes not have the stringent require-ments of the aforesaid types of pro-tection. It indicates that sparks andexcessively hot surface temperaturescannot occur in normal operation. It iscomparable with type of protection“n” in accordance with EN 50021.

21

Types of protection

XP Explosion-proof

IS Intrinsically safeapparatus

AIS Associated apparatus with intrinsically safe connections

ANI Non-incentive field wiring circuit

PX,PY,PZ Pressurized

APX,APY,APZ Associated pressuri-zation systems/components

NI Non-incentive

DIP Dust-ignition-proof

S special protection

IS l, ll 1 CDEFG T6, T5 Ta = 70°C 699008 Entity Type 4X

I, II: Subdivision into classesMining: air/methane mixture and coaldustClass I: air/gas mixturesClass II: air/dust mixturesClass III: air/fiber mixtures

1: Subdivision on the basis of divisionsDivision 1Areas in which potentially explosiveatmospheres consisting of flammablegases, dusts or liquids are constantlypresent or frequently present undernormal operating conditions. Division1 is comparable with Zones 0 and 1 or20 and 21.

Division 2Areas in which potentially explosiveatmospheres consisting of flammablegases, dusts or liquids cannot be anti-cipated under normal operating condi-tions. This is comparable with Zone 2or Zone 22.

CDEFG: Subdivision on the basis ofgroupsThe subdivision on the basis of groups(hazardous substance groups) approx-imately corresponds to the Europeansubdivision into explosion groups, butalso refers to dusts.Group A: air/gas mixture with acetyleneGroup B: air/gas mixture with hydrogenGroup C: air/gas mixture with ethyleneGroup D: air/gas mixture with propaneGroup E: air/metal dust mixtureGroup F: air/coal dust mixtureGroup G: air/grain dust mixture

T5, T6 Ta = 70°C: Subdivision intotemperature classesWith regards to temperature classes,the same limits are used as in Europe,but an even finer subdivision is used.

Temperature Maximum per- Ignition Temperature classclass mitted surface temperatures NEC 500-3

temperature of of the combus-the equipment °C tible substances

T1 450 >450 T1

T2 300 >300 <450 T2280 >280 <300 T2A260 >260 <280 T2B230 >230 <260 T2C215 >215 <230 T2D

T3 200 >200 <300 T3180 >180 <200 T3A165 >165 <180 T3B160 >160 <165 T3C

T4 135 >135 <200 T4120 >120 <135 T4A

T5 100 >100 <135 T5

T6 85 > 85 <100 T6

22


Subdivision of the temperature classes

699008Documentation number of the NRTL.

Entity ConceptSince this example involves an intrin-sically safe item of equipment (type ofprotection IS), parameters of the entirecircuit must be considered. The “maxi-mum safety-engineering ratings” mustbe complied with so that, ultimately,the entire circuit is “safe”. (See alsoexample application “Intrinsically safecircuit”.)

Type 4x: Protection of the enclosureEnclosure types (NEMA 250-1997)describe the ruggedness or sensitivityand design of a device with respect to:■ Protection of electrically live internal

components against electric shockhazard

■ Dust, fluff, slush and dirt■ Water (steam/rain/water jet/

submersion...)■ Corrosive additives■ Snow and ice formation■ Penetration by insects

The Ingress Protection System, betterknown as the IP Code System, whichclassifies the components in a some-what simpler manner, is widespread inEurope.

23


Intrinsically safe solenoidvalve for use in Division 1or 2

Namur valve with conduit connection for control of pneumatic actuators in Division 1 or 2

Valve terminal with intrinsically safe valves for use in Division 1 or 2

24

2.5. Other national ap-provals for explosionprotection

For several years now, the IEC Exscheme has existed, with which sev-eral countries are cooperating in thearea of Ex protection. This Ex schemeis aimed at ensuring that standardprotective measures are used in allcountries. The approvals are then alsorecognized everywhere. Currently, several IEC study groups are workingon this and at present, readers shouldrefer to the corresponding IEC docu-ments in order to obtain the currentinformation. In addition to the Europe-an and North American Ex approvals,Bürkert also has approvals in many other countries. We shall mention afew of them below:■ Eastern European countries such

as Poland, Slovakia, Hungary andCroatia

■ Russia ■ Ukraine■ Japan ■ Australia.

The Ex approval in these countries isbased on the European EEx approval.However, the procedure is different.But exchange of the approval docu-ments from the PTB to the correspond-ing national agencies always formsthe basis for the approval. In some cases, a few measurements, explana-tions or translations are also required.

Upon request, we will be glad to pro-vide you with further details of the approvals.

Type Russia Ukraine Japan Australia

0590 • • • •

64X • • • •

65X • • •

74x /75x • •

78X • • • •

5281 • • • •

5282 • • • •

5404 • • • •

5411 • • • •

5413 • • • •

5420 • • • •

5470 • • • •

6013/4 • • • •

6022 • • • •

6516/6517 • •

6518/6519 • • • •

6520/21 • •

6524-7 • •

8642/IO box • •

8631/Control head • •

8635/Positioner • •

Excerpt from approvals. Their validity is time-limited.Please contact one of our staff in order to obtain current and detailed information.

25

2.6. Application Ex-i circuit

Task3/2-way pneumatic valves are to beused to control process valves in theexplosion-hazard area by hydrogen(Zone 1). Since short cycle times arerequired, pilot valves are to be mounteddirectly on the pneumatic actuators.The distance between control andprocess valves is 200 meters.

For the application described, we require a component designated ascategory 2, group II, explosion groupIIC and temperature class T1. In orderto minimize the cabling complexitywithin the explosion-hazard area, preference is given to intrinsically safevalves. However, an intrinsically safedevice may be controlled only by “as-sociated apparatus”. This is becausevoltage, current and power are limitedin an intrinsically safe circuit. This allows the possibility of ignition of themixture to be reliably precluded evenif the electrical cables are damaged.

ValveThe valve has a coil resistance of R20 = 310 Ohm, R75 = 378 Ohm and re-quires a minimum current of Imin = 29 mAin order to function correctly. In accord-ance with the type-examination certifi-cate, this valve may be operated onlyon approved barriers, power supplymodules or remote IO systems with thefollowing safety-engineering ratings:Ui = 35 VIi = 0.9 APi = 1.1 W It has no relevant internal inductors orcapacitors.

Isolating moduleThe isolating module selected has thefollowing certified maximum ratingsfor the intrinsically safe output:Uo = 25.4 V maximum

no-load voltageI0 = 93 mA maximum short-circuit-

currentP0 = 0.59W maximum output power

For use in explosion group IIC, the inductors and capacitors connectedmay not, in total, exceed the valuesL = 4.3 mHC = 0.107 µF.

The specified operating data is mini-mum output voltage Umin = 22,8 V and maximum internal resistance Rmax = 303 Ohm.

SolutionSince, in this case, all three maximumratings of the isolating module lie be-low those of the valve, the valve maybe operated on it.

Isolating module ValveUo = 25.4 V < Ui = 35 VI0 = 93 mA < Ii = 0.9AP0 = 0.59W < Pi = 1.1 W

The capacitance and inductance ofthe valve are lower than the maximumratings of the isolating module. Thus,the isolating module may be operatedtogether with the valve.L = 4.3 mH > L = 0 HC = 0.107 µF > C = 0 F

The capacitance and inductance ofthe cabling depend on the cable typeand cable length and must always betaken into account!

At this point, it is still unclear whetherthe valve functions with the isolatingmodule, i.e. whether it is powered withthe minimum current of 29 mA. In or-der to answer this, we must considerthe closed circuit under worst-caseconditions. The line resistance can be estimatedat approx. 15 Ohm with a length of200 m and cross-section of 0.5 mm2.

Uo = no-load voltage

Total resistance = Rtot = internal resistance of the

isolating module 303 Ohm+ internal resistance of the coil

in hot condition 378 Ohm+ line resistance 15 Ohm

Rtot = 691 Ohm

I = 22.8 V /691 Ohm = 33 mA

It is thus ensured that the solenoidvalve will function correctly.

Control unit Barrier

Safe area Explosion-hazard area

L1 L2C1 C2

Intrinsically safe device

In addition to the above-described approvals for use in explosion-hazardareas, there are other European appro-vals as well. The European approvalsand the CE mark must be consideredjointly. The CE mark serves as a “pass-port” within those European statesthat are members of the EuropeanFree Trade Association (EFTA). Theproducts marked with the CE markcomply with the stipulated safety regu-lations for the product and must beaccepted in all states which are mem-bers of the EU and EFTA. The CE markmay be attached only to products covered by the scope of validity of adirective. Responsibility for attachingthe CE mark lies with the manufactureror with the authorized representativeof the manufacturer with seat in theEU. CE marking must be separatedinto the regulated area and the unregu-lated area. The existing quality systemalso plays an essential role in all ap-provals.

3.1.Certified quality system

The quality system used is approvedin accordance with Standards ISO9000 – 9004, dependent on scope,and covers the QA system from devel-opment through production to final in-spection of the products with approvalin accordance with ISO 9001 (highestrequirements). In the case of the Euro-pean approvals, this approval servesas a very important module. Com-pliance with or application of thesemodules is frequently an unavoidablerequirement for an approval. In thecase of directives specified for the regulated area, the certification of theQA system in accordance with ISO9001, which Bürkert possesses, doesnot suffice. The additional requirementsspecified in the aforesaid Directives

must also be complied with. This isalso monitored by a notified body. For ATEX Directive, the EN13980, “Explosion-Hazard Areas – Applicationof Quality Management Systems”standard has been elaborated at Euro-pean level and has been available sincelast year.

3.2.Regulated area

Approvals that must be granted in accordance with specified EC Direc-tives are covered by the regulatedarea. The scope of validity is stipulated.The requirements may necessitatethat an “EC type examination” be con-ducted by an independent third-partyagency. With this type examination,the products are tested for compliancewith the standards specified in the directives. In this case, the number ofthe notified body that certifies and audits the manufacturer’s QA systemmust be specified after the CE mark.On the EC Declaration of Conformityto be issued by the manufacturer, areference is made to the standardsapplied and the EC type examination.It also specifies the number of the notified body issued the EC type-examination certificate. The followingdirectives may apply to Bürkert pro-ducts depending on individual appli-cation:■ Pressure Equipment Directive■ Gas Appliances Directive■ ATEX Directive.

3.3.Unregulated area

In the unregulated area, the CE markis attached to the product. The manu-facturer specifies the standards appliedin the EC Declaration of Conformity,which can be requested if required. Inthis case, no independent third-partyagency needs to be involved. The fol-lowing directives may apply to Bürkertproducts, depending on individual application:■ Low Voltage Directive■ Directive on “Electromagnetic

Compatibility”■ Vehicle Directive■ Medical Device Directive.

The Machinery Directive does not applyto our devices, which, as components,are not covered by the scope of validityof that directive. The stipulated riskconsiderations must, however, beapplied.

3.4.Existing approvals atBürkert

Here as well, we distinguish betweenthe regulated and unregulated area.

Regulated areaIn addition to EEx-approved devices,we also offer several solenoid valveswhich are approved either pursuant tothe Pressure Equipment Directive orpursuant to the Gas Appliances Direc-tive.

Unregulated areaThe CE mark attached to Bürkert pro-ducts refers to electromagnetic com-patibility and, provided the voltage lieswithin the scope of validity of the LowVoltage Directive, to that directive aswell. This scope of validity is 75 - 1500 V for DC voltages or 50 - 1000 V for AC voltages.

3. European approva ls

26

The approval stipulations have a verysimilar structure in the USA and Cana-da and the approval authorities areable to grant approvals not only fortheir own country, but also for theneighboring country (UL for Canadaand CSA for USA).

Therefore, we will explain the interrela-tionships at this point by using theUSA as an example.

OSHA (Occupational Safety & HealthAdministration, U.S. Department ofLabor) elaborated the OSHA Regula-tions several decades ago. The Stand-ard for Electrical Installations orEquipment (29 CFR) requires that onlythose installations or devices whichhave been tested by an NRTL (NationalRegistered Test Laboratory) in linewith the stipulated safety requirementsand whose production is regularly audited by the NRTL may be fitted.■ Underwriters’ Laboratories (UL) ■ Factory Mutual Research

Corporation (FMRC)■ Electrical Testing Laboratory (ETL)■ Canadian Standards Association

(CSA)

Moreover, the regional authorities fre-quently issue City Electrical Codes,which precisely stipulate which of theaforementioned approvals must beavailable. Regions which accept onlyUL-approved components are fre-quently encountered.

4.1.Fundamental safetyconsiderations

In regards to solenoid valves from ourproduct range, which are to be approved in North America, three different safety considerations applywith respect to:■ Fire risk.

The device could cause a fire. Consequently, the materials usedare considered on the basis of theirflammability.

■ Risk of electric shock to the user.In this case, the protection and in-sulation of electrically live compo-nents are inspected, similar to theEuropean VDE regulations.

■ Risk due to fluid in the valve.In terms of this risk, special require-ments apply to the tightness andpressure resistance of a valve.

27

4 . Nor th Amer ican approva ls

US

C

Servo-assisted 5/2-wayvalve with CSA and ULapproval

Direct-acting 3/2-wayvalve with CSA and ULapproval

4.2.Approvals from Underwriters’ Laboratories

In the case of UL, there are three differ-ent types of approval:■ UL-listed■ UL-recognized or■ UL-classified.

UL-listedThis UL approval is a “complete deviceapproval” and thus refers to a connec-tion-ready device, including its operat-ing instructions. The required tests arise from the risk analysis, which de-termines the potential danger sourcesand the resultant safety requirements.

After positive testing of the devices inthe laboratory, the manufacturer andproduct are published by the UL.

UL-recognizedThis type of UL approval is a compo-nent approval with the same safetyconsiderations as UL-listed and ispractical for components used in machine construction/mechanical en-gineering. If machines are constructedwhich are ultimately to be UL-listed,non-approved, UL-recognized or UL-listed components may theoreticallybe used. However, for UL testing of

28

the machine, the non-approved deviceswould have to be removed in order toconduct the required tests. Since thiseffort makes no sense, every mechani-cal engineer should, right from the on-set, only use UR or UL-tested devices.

UL-classifiedA classification may be issued forequipment, industrial or commercialproduct ranges with ■ specific characteristics and related

risks (fire protection equipment),■ for specially stipulated applications

(trucks), or■ stipulated national or international

standards.Besides the UL classification mark,which may be attached to the deviceafter the test has been passed, themanufacturer also receives a corre-sponding certificate from UL.

4.3.Factory Mutual Research Corporation

In addition to being a registered labor-atory (NRTL), USA-based FM is alsoan insurance company. FM’s work pri-marily focuses on approvals of explo-sion-protected devices.

4.4.Canadian StandardsAssociation

The same requirements as in the USAapply in Canada. CSA approvals areequivalent to a UL approval. With CSA,a distinction is also made betweencomponent approvals and device ap-provals, but the marking on the ratingplate is always identical.

Category CertificationAlong with providing product approv-als, CSA also offers a production approval called a “Category Certifi-cation”. This means that the approvedcompany may independently test itsproducts on the basis of CSA criteriaand attach the CSA mark.

This Category Certification also in-cludes the option of allowing inde-pendently conducted approvals for“Ordinary Locations” (non-Ex) in addi-tion to the advantage of allowing re-quired audits to be conducted inter-nally and on-site by appointed persons.For this purpose, the appointed per-sons must provide corresponding proof of qualification. The test facilitiesare subject to a calibration cycle andexisting qualification of the QA systemin accordance with ISO 9001 is veryhelpful.

Bürkert has this approval and offers aservice that involves acting as an agentfor other companies. The completeCSA approval, from the measurementsto be conducted through preparationof the documents, can be performedby Bürkert.

LISTED

29

National approvals are approvals forwhich no European Directive is yetavailable. The standards to be appliedfor this may be national DIN Standardsor European EN Standards. The parti-cular application must be preciselyspecified and there are approvals orrecommendations for these applica-tions. The following examples illustrateapprovals that may apply to solenoidvalves:

5.1.VDE approval as water valve for domestic use

The regulations to be complied withfor this approval are defined in ENStandard 60730, Part 8-2, which hasalso been implemented as nationalstandard DIN VDE 0631, “AutomaticElectrical Regulation and Control De-vices for Domestic Use and SimilarApplications”. The most important re-quirements are:■ electrical safety requirements;■ stipulated function behavior;■ compliance with the maximum

stipulated water hammer;■ impermeability; and the■ mechanical strength of the fluidic

components.The VDE mark is attached to the approved product as a marking.

5.2. Germanischer Lloyd

Approvals by Germanischer Lloyd donot only apply to ships and shipequipment. GL, as an independentnon-profit organization, also operatesin the sectors of wind power genera-tion, pipeline technology, power sta-tion engineering and many others. However, it always deals with safetyand quality. Many Bürkert solenoidvalves have GL type approval in ac-cordance with corresponding “Environ-mental Categories”, confirming the ■ stipulated function behavior;■ mechanical ruggedness; and■ electrical safety.

5.3.Safety valves in accordance with DIN 19250 and 19251

The risk of injury and damage to theenvironment when operating a machineor installation is classified in the areaof protection equipment. This involvesconsideration of both the nature andthe magnitude of the possible damageor injury (from slight injury through death to catastrophe) and the proba-bility of damage or injury. Other import-ant factors are the time in which per-sons may spend in the danger zoneand the possibilities of averting danger.However, the following rule of thumbapplies:

The greater the possible damage orinjury and the higher the risk, the higherthe resultant requirement category.■ Extent of damage or injury

S 1: Slight injuryS 2: Serious, irreversible injury toone or more persons or death of apersonS 3: Death of several personsS 4: Catastrophic effect, very manydeaths

■ Length of time persons remain inthe areaA 1: Rarely to frequentlyA 2: Frequently to permanently

■ Averting dangerG 1: Possible under specific condi-tionsG 2: Hardly possible

■ Probability of occurrence of the undesirable eventW 1: Very lowW 2: LowW 3: Relatively high

5. Other nat iona l approva ls

6

5

4

3

2

1

–

–

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

–

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

W1W2W3S1

S2

A1

A2

A1

A2S3

S4

G1

G2

G1

G2

Re

qu

ire

me

nt

ca

teg

ory

Risk graph in accordance with DIN 19250

6.1.Gas appliances forEurope (former DVGWapproval)

The Gas Appliances DirectiveRL90/396/EEC has applied in the EUsince December 31, 1995. This alsocovers components of gas appliances,such as solenoid valves, unless theyare used in commercial or industrialsectors for process firing or in buildingpiping. Among others, the followingapproval criteria apply in this case ■ Safe functioning■ Compliance with leakage

rate limits.

Although the aforesaid directive hasgiven the approval a different name, itis still possible to apply for approval tothe “Deutscher Verein des Gas- undWasserfaches” (German Gas and Water Association) as the certificationbody. Marking is done with the CEmark, with the code of the notifiedbody and the product ID No., e.g.: CE-0085 AS03791.

6.2.Gas appliances forNorth America

In North America, of course, the basisfor a gas solenoid valve is a safetyconsideration of the UL or CSA ap-proval, which also requires a conduitas the electrical connection. The string-ent device reliability requirements applicable to this specific applicationcan be found in the correspondingANSI Standards.

6.3.Approval as safetyshut-off valve

The European Standard EN 264 “Safe-ty Shut-Off Devices for CombustionPlants using Liquid Fuels” is specifiedas the test regulation for this. As theresult of the adoption as DIN EN 264,this European Standard has been im-plemented in a national standard.Stringent requirements such as■ stipulated function behavior;■ continuous loading capability;■ electrical safety requirements;■ impermeability; and■ mechanical strength of the fluidic

components

are tested by a test laboratory (e.g.TÜV Südwest – German Technical In-spection Authority South West) and areport is drawn up by this laboratory.A test number, which is attached tothe product, is then issued by the DINCERTCO and the product is thus regi-stered.

6. Approva ls fo r f l ammab le gases andl iqu ids

30

of the foodstuffs consumed in the USAare subject to monitoring by the FDA.

NFS International, “The Public Healthand Safety Company”, is a non-profitorganization which devotes its work tothe development of technical standardsin the sector of health and environmen-tal protection. This organization is ac-credited by the ■ American National Standards

Institute (ANSI);■ Occupational Safety and Health

Administration (OSHA);■ Standard Council of Canada (SCC); and offers services in the sectors of ■ quality assurance; ■ training; ■ chemical, physical, microbiological

and toxicological testing and exa-minations; and

■ certification.

In Bürkert’s service spectrum, the aforementioned authorities, officesand agencies are encountered only inconjunction with the sealing materialsused in our devices, which have beengranted the approval, depending ontype.

7.3.3-A approval

3-A stands for a combination of the 3areas involved in elaboration of thestandards:■ Users

(dairies and industrial farming) ■ Equipment manufacturers

(manufacturers of components) ■ Foodstuff monitoring agencies

(hygiene institutes).

Water is one of the most importantaspects of everyday life. In manycountries, water is unrestrictedly avai-lable to everyone. The importance ofwater is realized only if there is a lackof water or if the quality of the waterhas declined greatly. For this reason,water quality is monitored worldwideby organizations, state institutions orindependent institutes.

7.1.KTW Recommendation

For the plastics used within the drink-ing water sector in Germany, com-pliance with the KTW Recommenda-tion is also required for applicationsinvolving solenoid valves with VDE approval. These recommendations arestipulated by the Federal Health Agen-cy (Bundesgesundheitsamt) and havebeen in effect since 1958. The task ofenforcing these “Plastics Regulations”was transferred in 2002 to the FederalRisk Assessment Institute (Bundesin-stitut für Risikobewertung – BfR). Thedatabase information can be found onthe Internet. A combination of VDEapproval and compliance with theKTW Recommendation suffices for useof solenoid valves in the correspond-ing terminal devices.

7.2.FDA and NFS approvals

FDA stands for the United States Foodand Drug Administration, deals witheven more than the quality and safetyof foodstuffs and medications for hu-mans and animals. The scope of re-sponsibility of this state authority alsocomprises cosmetics, vaccines, medi-cal devices and devices which emitmicrowaves or nuclear radiation. Theongoing goal is to protect the healthof consumers and users. Around 75 %

These standards are generally requiredin dairy sector and place stringent re-quirements on the ■ materials used (chemical resistance

also to hot cleaning agents);■ surface condition of the elements

(surface peak-to-valley heights);and

■ design (low dead volumes).

The 3-A symbol may be attached tothe product together with the corre-sponding approval standard only afterapproval, which is valid for one year.

7.4.EHEDGEuropean HygienicEquipment DesignGroup

For several years now, certain food-stuff manufacturers and machine andequipment manufacturers from theEuropean area have been cooperatingtogether to elaborate standards forhygiene in foodstuff production, similarto the 3-A Standard in North America.These very stringent standards arenow established and are consideredto be state-of-the-art in design, mate-rials selection and surface treatmentof devices and machines for the food-stuffs industry. As with 3-A, it is alsonecessary in this case to apply for anannual extension of the approval.

31

7 . Approva ls and recommendat ions in the hyg iene sector

8. Approva ls by UL , CSA and FM

32

CSA- UL - UL-listed CSA & FM Ex Ex CSA, FM Ex FMapproved recognized CSA-approved XP/l/1/ABCD T4 XP/l/1/ABCD T6 Intrinsically Safe

FM Ex NI/l/2/ABCD DIP/ll, lll/1/EFG T4 DIP/ll, lll /1/EFG T6 IS/I, ll, lll/1/Type FM Ex S/Il,lll/2/FG ABCD,EFGT6

121 • •

124 • •

131 • •

142 •

181 • •

200/201 • •

211/212 • • • • •

221 • •

223 • •

253 • • •

255 • • •

256 • • •

280 • • • •

281 • • • •

282 • • • •1

287 • •

290 • • •

300/301 • •

311/312 • • • • •

313 • •

323 • •

330/331 • • • •1

340 • • • •1

353 • • •

355 • • •

375 • •

404 • • • •

406 • • •

407 • • •

411 • • • • •

413 • • • • •

420 • • • • •

581 •

1066 •

1067 •

1078 •

2508 • •

2509 • •

2512 • •

2821 • •

2832 • •

2834 • •

33

Many of the “intrinsically safe electricaldevices” approved at Bürkert havebeen granted the EEx approval by thePTB (Physikalisch-Technische Bundes-anstalt – German National StandardsLaboratory) and the American approval

by FM (Factory Mutual Research).These devices can thus be utilizedwith identical design in both explosion-hazard areas. In addition, Bürkert hasbeen granted FM and CSA approvalfor many of the items in the standard

equipment range, with protection typeXP and DIP for use in Division 1. Alldevices featuring the UL-listed approv-al also feature the FM approval withprotection level NI and can thus beused in Division 2.

CSA- UL - UL-listed CSA & FM Ex Ex CSA, FM Ex FMapproved recognized CSA-approved XP/l/1/ABCD T4 XP/l/1/ABCD T6 Intrinsically Safe

FM Ex NI/l/2/ABCD DIP/ll, lll/1/EFG T4 DIP/ll, lll /1/EFG T6 IS/I, ll, lll/1/Type FM Ex S/Il,lll/2/FG ABCD,EFGT6

5281 • • • • •

5282 • • • •1

5404 • • • •

5411 • • •

5413 • • •

5420 • • • •

5470 • • •

6011 • •

6012 • •

6013 • • • • • •

6014 • • • • • •

6021 • •

6022 • • •

6023 • •

6038 • • •

6104 • • •

6106 • • •

6125 • •

6126 • •

6211 • •

6212 • •

6213 • • • •

6221 • • •

6222 •

6223 • •

6510 • • •

6511 • • •

6516 • • •

6517 • • •

6518 • • • • •

6519 • • • • •

6524 • • W

6525 • • W

6605 • W

6606 • W

8630 •

8631 •

8640 •

8644 • •

W We are currently working on 1 CSA certification, only for Division 2 (Code PD45)

9. Exp los ion-protected dev iceswi th European approva l

34

Danger/Hazard due to Gases/vapors DustsZone 1 Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 21 Zone 22 Temperature classes*

Type (intrinsic. safe) T4 T5 T6

121 X4 X3 X3 779 789

124 X4 X3 X3 778 788

125 X4 X3 X3 778 788

211 X6 X3 X3 641 651

212 X6 X3 X3 642 652

243 X8 X3 X3 721 731

253 X6 X3 X3 648 658

255 X7 X3 X3 742 752

256 X7 X3 X3 741 751

311 X6 X3 X3 643 653

312 X6 X3 X3 644 654

330 X4 X3 X3 770 780

331 X4 X3 X3 770 780

340 X4 X3 X3 776 786

343 X4 X3 X3 777 787

344 X4 X3 X3 775 785

353 X6 X3 X3 649 659

355 X7 X3 X3 744 754

450 X5;X9 X1 X2 X1 X3 450/650 450

590 X5 X1 X2 X1 X3 • • •

641-649 X6 X3 •

651-659 X6 X3 •

725 X7/X8 X3 •

741-742 X7 X3 •

751-752 X7 X3 •

770-779 X4 X3 •

780-789 X4 X3 •

1058 X16

2200 X8 X3 X3 •

2400 X8 X3 X3 •

2832 X6 X3 X3 •

2834 X8 X3 X3 •

5281 X1 X2 X1 X3 • •

5282 X4 X3 X3 • •

5404 X1 X2 X1 X3 •

5411 X1 X2 X1 X3 • • •

5413 X1 X2 X1 X3 • • •

5420 X1 X2 X1 X3 • • •

5470 X9 • •

5686 X1 X2 X1 •

6013/4 X5 X1 X2 X1 X3 • • •

6041 X4 X3 X3 • •

X1 II 2G EEx m/em II T4 T5 T6 PTB 00 ATEX 2129 X (AC10 coil)and II 2D IP65 T 85°C; 100°C; 135°C

X2 II 3G EEx nA II T4 T5 T6 PTB 99 ATEX 2187 (AC10 coil)X3 II 3G/D CE 0102 Declaration of ConformityX4 II 2G EEx ed IIC T4 T5 PTB 03 ATEX 1030X (pivoted armature coil)X5 II 2G EEx ia IIC T5 T6 PTB 01 ATEX 2101 (AC10 coil)X6 II 2G EEx m/em II T4 T5 PTB 02 ATEX 2094 X (32x32 coil)X7 II 2G EEx m/em II T4 T5 PTB 02 ATEX 2173 X (40x40 coil)X8 II 2G EEx m/em II T4 T5 PTB 00 ATEX 2202 X (49x49 coil)X9 II 2G EEx ia IIC T5 T6 PTB 01 ATEX 2175 (AC21 coil)X10 II 2G EEx ia IIC T5 T6 PTB 01 ATEX 2173 (G1 642735 coil)X11 II 2G EEx ia IIC T6 PTB 01 ATEX 2194 X (Piezo)X12 II 2 (1) G EEx ia IIC T6 PTB 99 ATEX 2035 I/O boxX13 II 2 (1) G EEx [ia] me IIC T4 PTB 00 ATEX 2160 P-I/O boxX14 ll 3G EEx nA ll T4 PTB 02 ATEX 2048 AirLINEX16 ll 2G EEx m ll PTB 01 ATEX 2064 U 1058X17 ll 2G EEx ia llC T6 PTB 00 ATEX 2077X 8631X18 ll (1) 2G EEx ia llC T6 TÜV 99 ATEX 1492 8635/HartX19 ll (1) 2G EEx ia llC T6 TÜV 00 ATEX 1534 8635/PA

35

Danger/Hazard resulting from Gases/vapors DustsZone 1 Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 21 Zone 22 Temperature classes*

Type (intrinsic. safe) T4 T5 T6

6103/4 X10 • •

6105/6 X9 • •

6115 X11 •

6213 X2 X3 •

6222 X1/X6 X2 X1 X3 •

6510/1 X10 • •

6516/7 X9 • •

6518/9 X5 X1 X2 X1 X3 • • •

6520/1 X11 •

6524/5 X10 • •

6526/7 X9 • •

8631 X17 •

8635Hart/PA X18/X19 •

8642 X12 •

8643 X13 •

8644 X14 •

*) The type number also changes with the approval for certain types!

Burkert Service and Distribution Network

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from 01.07.2003233 Albert Amon RoadMillenium Business ParkMeadowaleEdenvaleTel. +27 (0) 11 397 2900Fax +27 (0) 11 397 4428

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Service brochure

A systematic overview of the

range of products and services

offered by Bürkert. A network of

comprehensive solutions integrat-

ing coordinated services.

Competence brochures

Essential information for the person

planning control loops and field

bus systems and who wants to

ensure basic knowledge of the

structure and selection of system

components.

Application brochures

Example applications for deriving

the appropriate system solution,

supplemented by information on

product advantages, user advan-

tages and the range of products

specifically available.

System catalogs

Background knowledge on product

technology, including an up-to-date

overview of the current offers.

Rounded out with information to help

you make your decision on the best

application option.

Technical data sheets

Detailed technical information for

checking specific suitability.

In addition, all the data needed for

direct ordering.

Information paves the path to the appropriate system solution. We provide five

different levels for accessing information, products and services, so that you can

easily find out everything you need to know to make the right choice.

Systemkatalog 6

Magnetventile I Prozess- und Regelventile I Pneumatik

Sensoren I MicroFluidics I MFC und Proportionalventile


Systemkatalog 1




Systemkatalog 2




Systemkatalog 5




894

241

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irle

Bürkert Fluid Control Systems, Christian-Bürkert-Straße 13–17, 74653 Ingelfingen, Germany

Tel. +49 (0) 79 40/10-0, fax +49 (0) 79 40/10-204, [email protected], www.buerkert.com

hazardous area approvals

Documents