hayley’s text analysis text types narrative report recount instructions explanations arguments
TRANSCRIPT
Hayley’s Text AnalysisHayley’s Text Analysis
Text TypesText Types
• Narrative• Report• Recount• Instructions• Explanations• Arguments
NarrativeNarrative
• The social purpose of a Narrative is to tell an imaginary series of events to entertain, amuse or instruct the listener or reader.
Structure of a NarrativeStructure of a Narrative
• Orientation: Reader is introduced to individual characters in a particular setting, engaged in certain actions.
• Complication: A problem or tension arises.
• Resolution: Problem is resolved, though not necessarily happy as in many fairy tales.
Grammatical Features of a Grammatical Features of a NarrativeNarrative
• Temporal sequence.• Action verbs.• Noun groups used
in describing characters and settings.
ExamplesExamples
• Fairy Tales.• Mysteries.• Science Fiction.• Romances.• Horror Stories.
ReportReport
• The social purpose of a report is to classify or describe. A report provides precise information about a particular object, creature or phenomenon.
Structure of a ReportStructure of a Report
• Classification: A particular creature, object is classified in either a commonsense way or in a technical way.
• Description: Described from a technical point of view rather than from a personal or imaginative view.
Grammatical Features of a Grammatical Features of a ReportReport
• Technical terms.• Nominal groups.• Action verbs.• Relational verbs.
• Nominalisation. • Personal pronouns.• Taxonomies.• Present tense.
ExamplesExamples
• Description of animals.
• Reports on countries.
• Factual reports.
RecountRecount
• The social purpose of a recount is to retell past events, achievements or experiences, usually to inform others, entertain, instruct and reconstruct.
Structure of a RecountStructure of a Recount
• Orientation: Who or what the recount is about, together with info about when and where events have occurred.
• Series of Events: Tells us what happened by spelling out the sequence of events that took place over time.
• Re-orientation: Re-orientates the reader, bringing the text back into the present.
Grammatical Features of a Grammatical Features of a RecountRecount
• Verbs in past tense.• Adverbial of time.• Noun group.• Technical language.
ExamplesExamples
• Personal diary.
• Factual report.
• Postcards, letters and e-mails.
InstructionsInstructions
• The social purpose of instructions is to provide clear and unambiguous directions that help the reader to perform a set of specific actions directed towards a specific outcome.
Structure of InstructionsStructure of Instructions
• Title: Informs the reader of the goal.• List of materials.• Steps: Outlines the procedure which helps to
accomplish a task.• Additional suggestions: Not always
provided.• Visual aids: Diagrams for eg provide reader
with a model of how the final product should look.
Grammatical Features of Grammatical Features of an Instructionan Instruction
• Imperatives.• Action verbs.• Range of adverbials.
ExamplesExamples
• Recipes.• Instructional
manuals.• Craft books.
ExplanationsExplanations
• The social purpose of an explanation is to describe processes whereby phenomena work or reasons why they occur.
Structure of an Structure of an ExplanationExplanation
• Classification Stage: Names and classifies the creature, object or phenomenon.
• Descriptive Stage: Provides a series of descriptions about the creature, object or phenomena being reported upon.
Grammatical Features of Grammatical Features of an Explanationan Explanation
• Relational verbs.• Action verbs.• Technical
terminology.• Taxonomies.• Nominalisation.• Adverbials of time.
ExamplesExamples
• Explaining - how.• Explaining - why.
ArgumentsArguments
• The social purpose of an argument involves the writer evaluating issues, making judgements and persuading readers to consider the writers point of view.
Structure of an ArgumentStructure of an Argument
• Thesis: What attitude is on the issue. Brings out the main point of the argument.
• Series of arguments: Arguments which support the main point through further evidence (point and elaboration).
• Re-iteration: Brings the argument to a close.
Grammatical Features of Grammatical Features of an Argumentan Argument
• Connectives.• Conjunctions.• Modals.
• Nominalisation.• Variety of verbs.• Present tense.
ExamplesExamples
• Editorials.• Debates.• Formal letters.• Lectures.• Expostions.• Advertisements.