handwriting recognition

• Handwriting Recognition

https://store.theartofservice.com/the-handwriting-recognition-toolkit.html

Tablet computer - Handwriting recognition

1 Some tablet personal computers such as the Galaxy Note 10 support a stylus and support handwriting recognition. Finger-

driven screens are potentially better suited for entering "variable-width stroke-based"

characters, such as Chinese/Japanese/Korean writing, due to

their built-in capability of "pressure sensing". Much of this potential is unused, except in digital art applications such as

Autodesk Sketchbook.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-handwriting-recognition-toolkit.html

MessagePad - Handwriting recognition

1 The original handwriting recognition engine was called Calligrapher, and

was licensed from a Russian company called Paragraph

International



1 Rosetta is generally considered a significant improvement and many reviewers, testers, and most users

consider the Newton 2.1 handwriting recognition software better than any

of the alternatives even 10 years after it was introduced



1 The handwriting recognition and parts of the user interface for the

Newton are best understood in the context of the broad history of Pen

computing, which is quite extensive.



1 A vital feature of the Newton handwriting recognition system is the modeless error

correction


Newton OS - Handwriting recognition

1 The Newton used the CalliGrapher word-based handwriting recognition

engine developed by ParaGraph International Inc, led by former Soviet scientist Stepan Pachikov


Newton OS - Handwriting recognition

1 It was developed by Apple's Advanced Technology Group, and has been described as "the world's first

genuinely usable handwriting recognition system".


Handwriting recognition

1 'Handwriting recognition' (or 'HWR'http://acronyms.thefreedictiona

ry.com/HWR) is the ability of a computer to receive and interpret

intelligible handwriting|handwritten input from sources such as paper documents, photographs, touch-

screens and other devices


Handwriting recognition

1 Handwriting recognition principally entails optical character recognition.

However, a complete handwriting recognition system also handles

formatting, performs correct Segment (handwriting)|segmentation

into characters and finds the most plausible words.


Handwriting recognition - Off-line recognition

1 There is no OCR/ICR engine that supports handwriting recognition as of today.


Handwriting recognition - Problem domain reduction techniques

1 Narrowing the problem domain often helps increase the accuracy of

handwriting recognition systems. A form field for a U.S. ZIP code, for example, would contain only the characters 0-9. This fact would reduce the number of possible

identifications.


Handwriting recognition - On-line recognition

1 On-line handwriting recognition involves the automatic conversion of text as it is written

on a special digitizer or Personal digital assistant|PDA, where a sensor picks up the pen-tip movements as well as pen-up/pen-

down switching. This kind of data is known as digital ink and can be regarded as a digital

representation of handwriting. The obtained signal is converted into letter codes which

are usable within computer and text-processing applications.


Handwriting recognition - On-line recognition

1 The elements of an on-line handwriting recognition interface typically include:


Handwriting recognition - General process

1 and Kechadi, M.; Preprocessing Techniques for

Online Handwriting Recognition


Handwriting recognition - Hardware

1 Commercial products incorporating handwriting recognition as a

replacement for keyboard input were introduced in the early 1980s. Examples include handwriting terminals such as the Pencept

Penpad



1 IBM's tablet computer was the first to use the ThinkPad name and used IBM's handwriting

recognition



1 By the time of the release of the Newton OS 2.0, wherein the

handwriting recognition was greatly improved, including unique features still not found in current recognition

systems such as modeless error correction, the largely negative first

impression had been made



1 The Graffiti handwriting recognition was found to infringe on a patent held by Xerox, and Palm replaced

Graffiti with a licensed version of the CIC handwriting recognition which,

while also supporting unistroke forms, pre-dated the Xerox patent



1 This system is distinct from the less advanced handwriting recognition system employed in its Windows

Mobile OS for PDAs.



1 Although handwriting recognition is an input form that the public has become accustomed

to, it has not achieved widespread use in either desktop computers or laptops. It is still generally accepted that Alphanumeric

keyboard|keyboard input is both faster and more reliable. , many PDAs offer handwriting

input, sometimes even accepting natural cursive handwriting, but accuracy is still a problem, and some people still find even a simple virtual keyboard|on-screen keyboard

more efficient.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-handwriting-recognition-toolkit.html

Handwriting recognition - Software

1 Microsoft has acquired CalliGrapher handwriting recognition and other

digital ink technologies developed by PI from Vadem in 1999.


Handwriting recognition - Research

1 Handwriting Recognition has an active community of academics studying it. The

biggest conferences for handwriting recognition are the International Conference

on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR), held in even-numbered years, and the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR), held in

odd-numbered years. Both of these conferences are endorsed by the IEEE.

Active areas of research include:


Handwriting recognition - Research

1 A survey of research on handwriting recognition (2000) is by R.

Plamondon and Sargur Srihari|S. N. Srihari.R. Plamondon and S. N. Srihari

(2000). [http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/34.824821

On-line and off-line handwriting recognition: a comprehensive

survey]. In: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine

Intelligence 22(1), 63–84.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-handwriting-recognition-toolkit.html

Handwriting recognition - Results since 2009

1 Recent GPU-based deep learning methods for feedforward networks by Dan Ciresan and colleagues at IDSIA won the ICDAR 2011 offline Chinese

handwriting recognition contest; their neural networks also were the first

artificial pattern recognizers to achieve human-competitive

performanceD


Pen computing - Handwriting recognition

1 * On-line Handwriting recognition mode: The strokes made with the stylus are analyzed as a electronic

ink, by software which recognizes the shapes of the strokes or marks as

handwritten characters. The characters are then input as text, as

if from a keyboard.


Pen computing - Handwriting recognition

1 The term on-line handwriting recognition is used to distinguish recognition of handwriting using a real-time digitizing tablet for input,

as contrasted to off-line handwriting recognition, which is optical

character recognition of static handwritten symbols from paper.


Tablet computers - Handwriting recognition

1 Pressure is also used in digital art applications such as Autodesk

Sketchbook.[http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?

q=cache:rX3A5F0UJKQJ:ca.news.yahoo.com/s/afp/100826/technology/

lifestyle_hongkong_china_japan_culture_technology+ca.news.yahoo.com/s/afp/100826/technology/

lifestyle_hongkong_china_japan_culture_technologycd=1hl=nlct=clnkgl=nl China using keyboards versus

tablet input][http://ruetersward.com/biblio.html Annotated bibliography of references to handwriting

recognition and tablet and touch computers]


Mini tablets - Handwriting recognition

1 Pressure is also used in digital art applications such as Autodesk

Sketchbook.[http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?

q=cache:rX3A5F0UJKQJ:ca.news.yahoo.com/s/afp/100826/technology/

lifestyle_hongkong_china_japan_culture_technology+ca.news.yahoo.com/s/afp/100826/technology/

lifestyle_hongkong_china_japan_culture_technologycd=1hl=nlct=clnkgl=nl China using keyboards versus

tablet input][http://ruetersward.com/biblio.html Annotated bibliography of references to handwriting

recognition and tablet and touch computers]


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• https://store.theartofservice.com/the-handwriting-recognition-toolkit.html

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handwriting recognition

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