The GREENHOUSE

EFFECT

What is a GREENHOUSE ?

In temperate countries, a greenhouse is used to grow seedlings in the late winter and early spring and later planted in the open field when the weather is warmer. Greenhouses also protect plants from weather phenomena such as snowstorm or dust storm.

In tropical countries, a greenhouses are used by commercial plant growers to protect flowering and ornamental plants from harsh weather conditions and insect attack.

WHAT MATERIALS ARE GREENHOUSES MADE UP OF?

Greenhouses range in size from small sheds to a very large buildings. They also vary in terms of types of covering materials. Some are

made of glass while others are

made of plastic.

HOW GREEN-HOUSE WORKS

?

Greenhouse allow sunlight to enter but prevent from heat from escaping. The transparent covering of the greenhouse allows visible light to enter without obstruction.

It warms the inside of the greenhouse as energy is absorbed by the plants, soil and other things inside the building. Air warmed by the heat inside is retained in the building by the roof and wall. The transparent covering also prevent the heat from leaving by reflecting the energy back into the walls, and preventing outside winds from carrying it away.

WHAT IS A GREENHOUSE

EFFECT?

Greenhouse effect is a process by which the Earth’s atmosphere warms up.

The trace gases that allows the heat from the sun to enter and prevent to escape in our atmosphere is called GREENHOUSE GASES

HOW GREENHOUSE

EFFECT WORKS IN OUR

ATMOSPHERE?

Earth’s atmosphere is compared to a greenhouses. Aside from the nitrogen and oxygen, Earth’s atmosphere contains trace gases such as carbon dioxide,CO2, water vapor, methane, CH4, and ozone, O3. Like the glass in the greenhouse, the trace gases have similar effect on the Sun’s rays. They allow the sunlight to pass through, resulting in warming up the of the Earth’s surface. But they absorb the energy coming from the Earth’s surface, keeping the Earth’s temperature suitable for life on Earth.

WHAT HAPPEN TO THE EARTH IF THERE IS NO GREENHOUSE

EFFECT?

The greenhouse effect is a natural process and it warms the Earth. Without the greenhouse effect, Earth would be

VERY COLD, too cold for living things, such as plants and animals.

WHY IS THE AVERAGE

TEMPERATURE IN VENUS IS VERY MUCH HIGHER

THAN THAT OF THE EARTH?

Both Earth and Venus have carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, in their atmospheres. The small amount of carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere gives the right temperature for living things to survive.

The high surface temperature in Venus is due to high concentration of carbon dioxide.

WHAT COULD HAVE CAUSED

VENUS’ VERY HOT ATMOSPHERE ?

Venus’ atmosphere contains thick amount of carbon dioxide for over 96% making its average temperature rise to over 450 degrees Celsius.

WHAT DOES IT MEAN IF THERE IS INCREASING EMISSION OF

GREENHOUSE GASES LIKE CARBON DIOXIDE

INTO THE ATMOSPHERE?

More carbon dioxide means that more heat is trapped in Earth’s atmosphere. More heat cannot return back into space. More heat trapped by the carbon dioxide means a warmer Earth.

Green House Gases

Burning of Oil, Petrol Engine

Deforestation

Industrialization

Burning of Fossil Fuel

CFC

NOX +Co2

NO+Co2

NOx + Co2CFC

E A R T H

Sunshine Enter

the earth

atmosphere

Afte

r abs

orbi

ng th

is

ener

gy is

sen

t bac

k

into

the

atm

osph

ere Heat absorbed by

the Green House

Gases

Some of the energy passes back into space

Much of it remains trapped in the atmosphere by the greenhouse gases, causing our world to heat up

NH4

Burning of Oil, Petrol Engine

WHAT IS A GLOBAL

WARMING?

The increasing temperature phenomenon is known as GLOBAL WARMING.

GLOBAL means that all countries and people around the world are affected even if that country is not contributor of greenhouse gases.

WHAT ARE THE SOURCES

OF GREENHOUSE

GASES?

1. Carbon dioxide,CO2

- it is naturally produced when people and animals breathe.

- plants and trees need carbon dioxide to produce their own food.

-volcanoes also produced carbon dioxide.

-it also comes from the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, crude oil, and natural gas

2. Methane, CH4

- comes from grazing animals as they digest their food and from decaying matter in wet rice fields.

- released from buried wastes such as left-over food, garden wastes, and animal wastes collected at home and sent to dumpsites.

When lots of wastes compressed and packed together, they produced methane. Coal mining also produces methane.

3. Ozone, O3-naturally present in the

stratosphere-it absorbs the UV rays

from the sun.

4. Chloroflourocarbons or CFC’s

-have been used in spray cans as propellants, refrigerators as refrigerants, and in making foam plastics as foaming agents.

- they become dangerous when released into the atmosphere, depleting the ozone layer.

Natural Greenhouse Gases

• N2 and O2 do not have absorption in the IR light , therefore, it has no role in setting the surface temperature of the planet .

• Greenhouse gas are efficient in absorbing IR light• The most important greenhouse gases are :• H20 – water vapor• CO2- Carbon Dioxide• CH4- Methane• NH4 – Nitrous Oxide or Ammonium• The most abundant gas in the earth’s atmosphere is water

vapor . It trapped the IR radiation.

Man Made Greenhouse Gases

Along with natural processes, there are some man made greenhouse keep on increasing in the atmosphere.

• Burning of fossil fuels , coal , oil , natural gas etc.

• Deforestation

• Generate lot of CO2 disturbs the balance of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

• Use of aerosols , hairspray cans , fridges , plastics etc produce a group of highly dangerous gas

called CFC which is so harmful for atmosphere. Even small amounts can trap a large quantites of heat , making the earth extremely hot. This is

known as global warming.

Greenhouse Gas Natural sources Man-made sources

Carbon Dioxide Organic decay, Forest fires, Volcanoes

Burning fossil fuels – car and factory emissions, electricity generation

Methane Wetlands, Organic decay, Termites

Natural gas & oil extraction, BiomassBurning, Rice cultivation,Cattle, Refuse landfills

Nitrous Oxide Forests, Grasslands, Oceans, Soils, Soil cultivation; Fertilizers

Biomass burning; Burning of fossil fuels

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) None Refrigerators; Aerosol spray propellants; Cleaning solvents

Green House Gases

Burning of Oil, Petrol Engine

Deforestation

Industrialization

Burning of Fossil Fuel

CFC

NOX +Co2

NO+Co2

NOx + Co2CFC

E A R T H

Sunshine Enter

the earth

atmosphere

Afte

r abs

orbi

ng th

is

ener

gy is

sen

t bac

k

into

the

atm

osph

ere Heat absorbed by

the Green House

Gases

Some of the energy passes back into space

Much of it remains trapped in the atmosphere by the greenhouse gases, causing our world to heat up

NH4

Burning of Oil, Petrol Engine

Some experts believed that increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere means more heat, thus, increasing temperature, and causing global warming.

Global warming have been identified as one of the factors why polar ice caps is melting rapidly that will cause flooding to low-lying areas around the globe and therefore reducing biodiversity. This also feared as major factor of climate change experiencing in every corner of the world.

Impact of Greenhouse Effect

• Water level rises Climate change

• Causes skin diseases• Impediment of

agricultural production

• Climate changes• Changes in wildlife adaptations and cycles

• Melting of polar ice caps

• Increase in sea level• Flooding in coastal areas

• Ocean Acidification

Prevention methods of the Green House Effect:

1. Use Green technology

2. reuse and recycle

3. Take steps at Home and Office

4. Learn Smarter car usage

5. Increase Social Awareness

6. Support ‘Emissions trading’

7. Support ‘Kyoto protocol’

Prevention is better than cure. We should work towards for a greener future.

Afterthought:

pollution

Save The World