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Greece: Athens Interactive Video of the Acropolis: History Greece: Athens Interactive Video of the Acropolis: History ChannelChannel

Ancient GreeceAncient GreeceΑρχαία Ελλάδα Αρχαία Ελλάδα

An IntroductionAn Introductionμια εισαγωγήμια εισαγωγή

LocationLocation

Greek Greek PENINSULA: 300 PENINSULA: 300 miles long and miles long and juts into the juts into the AEGEAN SEAAEGEAN SEA

LocationLocation

Good bays and Good bays and harbors for harbors for fishing and naval fishing and naval activities with activities with many islandsmany islands

LocationLocation

Occupations: Occupations: Goat and sheep Goat and sheep herding herding

Crops: grains, Crops: grains, grapes and olivegrapes and olive

Athens: GeographyAthens: Geography Held 40,000 Held 40,000

citizens, 150,000 citizens, 150,000 slaves, 10,000 slaves, 10,000 foreignersforeigners

Polis Greek word for city had an acropolis in the center for government meetings.

Athens: GeographyAthens: Geography 2 main centers: 2 main centers:

ACROPOLIS and ACROPOLIS and CITADELCITADEL


Athens: GeographyAthens: Geography AGORA (market AGORA (market

place) is the heart place) is the heart of the city.of the city.

Parthenon, Greece : Parthenon, Greece : VideoVideo


AGORA AGORA in: in: ThessalonikiThessaloniki

Greek City-StatesGreek City-States

Why?Why? Done because of mountains and islands.Done because of mountains and islands.



City-state: City and surrounding City-state: City and surrounding country sidecountry side




A city-state is a city with its own A city-state is a city with its own laws, rulers, and money.laws, rulers, and money.




A city-state is a city with its own A city-state is a city with its own laws, rulers, and money.laws, rulers, and money.

City-states were cities that acted like City-states were cities that acted like countries.countries.

Anyone know some the Anyone know some the MAJOR city-states?MAJOR city-states?

SpartaSparta AthensAthens CorinthCorinth ArgosArgos MegaraMegara

This is……SPARTA!This is……SPARTA! Life was planned by the Life was planned by the

governmentgovernment All males at age 7 went All males at age 7 went

to military school for to military school for rigorous athletic rigorous athletic activities and trainingactivities and training

All males 18-60 served in All males 18-60 served in the armythe army

King led the armyKing led the army Girls were given some Girls were given some

training but were training but were expected to be strong expected to be strong wives and mothers.wives and mothers.

Spartan GovernmentSpartan Government 2 Hereditary Kings2 Hereditary Kings 5 Ephors (elected once a year from citizenry 5 Ephors (elected once a year from citizenry

of 8000 menof 8000 men) sort of supervised the Kings ) sort of supervised the Kings (didn’t have to listen to the King)(didn’t have to listen to the King)

Council of elders- held office for LIFE; had to Council of elders- held office for LIFE; had to be over 60! be over 60!

Assembly (voted on legislation proposed by Assembly (voted on legislation proposed by Ephors)- made up of men over the age of 30Ephors)- made up of men over the age of 30

Had a constitution made: RhetraHad a constitution made: Rhetra

Athens: GovernmentAthens: Government Athens became the world’s first Athens became the world’s first

democracy around 508 B.C, before this it democracy around 508 B.C, before this it was OLIGARCHIC- WHAT IS THIS?was OLIGARCHIC- WHAT IS THIS?

THIS IS WHEN A GROUP OF LEADERS THIS IS WHEN A GROUP OF LEADERS RULE. RULE.

Ruled by kings for a long time, but Ruled by kings for a long time, but eventually felleventually fell

Direct democracy= DEMOS=people and Direct democracy= DEMOS=people and KRATEIN=ruleKRATEIN=rule ALL PEOPLE were part ALL PEOPLE were part of the government.of the government.

Government continuedGovernment continued Assembly Assembly

eventually becomes eventually becomes the supreme rulerthe supreme ruler

Senate or Council Senate or Council of 400 men of 400 men implemented a jury implemented a jury system.system.

During the rule of During the rule of Pericles, Athens Pericles, Athens becomes a “true” becomes a “true” democracy.democracy.

Gov’t ContinuedGov’t Continued

Athenian democracy did not really give power Athenian democracy did not really give power to everyoneto everyone. . Most of the people in Athens Most of the people in Athens couldn't vote -couldn't vote - no women, no slaves, no no women, no slaves, no foreigners (even Greeks from other city-foreigners (even Greeks from other city-states), no children couldn’t vote!states), no children couldn’t vote!

SOLON (wise lawgiver) given power to SOLON (wise lawgiver) given power to improve conditions- helped the poor not be improve conditions- helped the poor not be sold to slavery, debts, land distribution.sold to slavery, debts, land distribution.

ArchitectureArchitecture

Homes used for sleeping and eating Homes used for sleeping and eating onlyonly



AMPHITHEATER: for religious AMPHITHEATER: for religious ceremonies, athletics and dramas.ceremonies, athletics and dramas.




Columns: DORIC, IONIC AND Columns: DORIC, IONIC AND CORINTHIANCORINTHIAN





FRIEZES: sculpted designs and FRIEZES: sculpted designs and figures found on upper part of figures found on upper part of buildingsbuildings





FRIEZES: sculpted designs and figures FRIEZES: sculpted designs and figures found on upper part of buildingsfound on upper part of buildings

ACROPOLIS: was hilltop covered with ACROPOLIS: was hilltop covered with buildings overlooking the citybuildings overlooking the city

ArchitectureArchitecture Homes used for sleeping and eating onlyHomes used for sleeping and eating only AMPHITHEATER: for religious ceremonies, AMPHITHEATER: for religious ceremonies,

athletics and dramas.athletics and dramas. Columns: DORIC, IONIC AND Columns: DORIC, IONIC AND

CORINTHIANCORINTHIAN FRIEZES: sculpted designs and figures FRIEZES: sculpted designs and figures

found on upper part of buildingsfound on upper part of buildings ACROPOLIS: was hilltop covered with ACROPOLIS: was hilltop covered with

buildings overlooking the citybuildings overlooking the city PARTHENON: was sacred shrine built to PARTHENON: was sacred shrine built to

honor ATHENA, guardian of the city.honor ATHENA, guardian of the city.

Greek DramaGreek Drama

Began in 6Began in 6thth century with one actor century with one actor delivering speeches.delivering speeches.

By 8By 8thth century, included song and century, included song and dances with 12-15 men honoring dances with 12-15 men honoring DIONYSUS (god of wine)DIONYSUS (god of wine)

Wealthy citizens paid for the Wealthy citizens paid for the productions so that all could enjoyproductions so that all could enjoy

Large arenas hold 15,000 people.Large arenas hold 15,000 people.

Drama ContinuedDrama Continued

Actors wore masks Actors wore masks and costumes and and costumes and remained on stage remained on stage the entire timethe entire time

Between dialogue, Between dialogue, chorus sang or chorus sang or chantedchanted

Orchestra Orchestra participatedparticipated

Comedies or Comedies or TragediesTragedies

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