GREAT BRITAIN

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern

Ireland The UK consists of

four main parts which are: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast.

LanguageEnglish is not the only language which people use in the UK. English is the official language. But some people speak Gaelic in western Scotland, Welsh – in parts of northern and central Wales.

The FlagThe flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of three crosses. The upright red cross is the cross of St. George, the patron saint of England. The white diagonal cross is the cross of St. Andrew, the patron saint of Scotland. The red diagonal cross is the cross of St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland.

ENGLANDIs the largest, the industrial and most densely populated part of the United Kingdom.

EnglandThere are many rivers in England. The longest is the Thames. England is mostly a lowland country.In Southern England are found some of the oldest British settlements and traces of ancient monuments such as Stonehenge.

ENGLAND Over 46 million

people of the population of the UK live in England.

The greatest concentrations of population are in London, Birmingham and northwest industrial cities.

England The coasts of

England are washed by the North Sea, the Irish Sea, the English Channel, the Strait of Dover.

Fishing has always been an important industry in the east.

ScotlandScotland is divided into three regions: the Highlands, which is the most northern and the most under populated area with a harsh climate, the Lowlands, which is the most industrial region and the Southern Uplands, with hills, which border on England.

ScotlandThistle –

чертополох (национальная

эмблема Шотландии, а

также эмблема Эдинбургского

фестиваля)

ScotlandThe Highlands of Scotland are among the oldest mountains in the world. They reach their highest point in Ben Nevis (1343 m). Many valleys between the hills are filled with lakes, called lochs.The best-known is Loch Ness where some people think a large monster lives.

ScotlandOne of the things that people associate with Scotland is the kilt.The kilt is a relic of the time when the clan system existed in the Highlands.Each clan had its own tartan.

ScotlandEdinburgh has been the capital since the 15th century.Edinburgh is the cultural center of Scotland.Edinburgh is associated with the names of George Gordon Byron, Walter Scott, Robert Burns.

WalesWales became part of England in 1536 by the Act of Union.The Welsh call their country Cymru, themselves they call Cymry, a word which has the same root as ‘comrader’(friend)

WalesWales is a highland country of old, hard rocks. North Wales is a country of mountains and deep valleys. South Wales is a land of high hill and wide valleys.The pride of Wales in scenery is Snowdonia, a region of high mountains.

WalesWales has its own flag called the welsh dragon.

Eisteddfod is a festival of Welsh culture. It includes competitions in prose, poetry and singing.

Northern IrelandNorthern Ireland is the smallest component of the United Kingdom.Its capital city is Belfast.

Northern IrelandFor seven centuries Ireland was a colony of Britain. Irish poets put it in a different way when they call Ireland “the Emerald Isle” Lough Neagh is the largest lake in the British Isle. The rivers of Ireland are short, but deep.

LONDONLondon is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. London is situated upon both banks of

the River Thames. It is the largest city in

Britain and one of the largest in the world.

Its population is about 7 million people.

LONDONThe best-known streets here are Whitehall with important Government offices, Downing Street, the London residence of the Prime Minister and the place where the Cabinet meets, Fleet Street where most newspapers have their offices, Harley Street where the highest-paid doctors live.

THE TOWER OF LONDON

LONDONBeefeaters – Бифитер прозвище дворцовой стражи или стражников лондонского Тауэра.Tower of London – Тауэр это старинная крепость на берегу реки Темзы в Лондоне. В разное время была королевской резиденцией, в ней хранятся королевские реалии. Строительство было начато в 11 веке Вильгельмом Завоевателем.

Raven – ворон.