gpon mobile backhaul

Mobile Backhaul using GPON

Luke GohSnr Project Systems Engineer

May 2010

Mobile Backhaul Trends

• Base stations deployments increasing

• Greater backhaul needs (more Mbps) per base station

Annual Voice minutes growing > 5% /year

Data users growing (>20% ARPU by 2011)

• Backhaul pricing pressure

15% of OPEX growing to 25%

• Mixed IP and TDM traffic

ODN – Centralized vs Cascade

• GPON uses optical power splitting to reduce the distribution cable at the ODN

• ODN (Optical Distribution Network) based on centralized splitting that serves well for FTTH typical application may not be suitable for Mobile backhauling application

Optical Splitter

ONU #1

ONU #2

OLT

GPON

F1 Feeder Cable

ONU #3

Centralized ODN

Optical Splitter

ONU #1

ONU #2

OLT

GPON

F1 Feeder Cable

ONU #3

Cascade ODN

3GPP Rel 4 and 5

Signaling & Traffic

3GPP Release 4

SGSN

FA

FWGGSN

Public

Internet

Private

InternetFA

AAA

Serve

r

HA

Packet-Switched Core (IP)

RNC

RNC

Node

B

Node

B

UTRAN (UMTS Radio Access Network)

BSC

BSC

BTS

BTS

BSS (GSM, GPRS)

PCU

Release 4 Goals:- Separate user data from signaling- Allow subrate transport through wireless network

ATM

Traffic

Signaling

Media

Gateway

HLRVLR

PSTN

MSC

Server

Media

Gateway

GMSC

ServerSGW

ATM

ATM or IP

PCM

ISUP over IP

ISUP over PCM

ATM

13 kbps

64 kbps

Megaco H.248 Megaco H.248

MAPMAP

RTP

Old MSC, Now

Softswitch

3GPP Release 5 – All IP

Media

Gateway

VLR

MSC

Server

Media

Gateway

GMSC

Server

ATM or IPMegaco H.248

Megaco H.248

RTP

IP Backbone

HSS = Home Subscriber Service= HLR + AuC + “SIP stuff”

IP Multimedia Core Network Subsystem (IMS)

HSSBGCF

MGCF

CSCF

SIP

SGW

SGW

Traffic

Signaling

SIP Client

GGSN

R

RR RR

Node B RNC SGSN

PSTN

Internet

ISUP over PCM

Legacy

NetworkISUP over

PCM

GPON E1 TDM circuit emulation

ONT w 8 x E1 TDM

ONT w 8xE1 TDM

FSB-16 Indoor/Outdoor

SplitterGPON w 32 x E1 TDM

OLT

Node B

Node B

RNC

E1 TDM

E1 TDM

E1 TDM

E1 TDM

● GPON supports E1 TDM circuit emulation as it is ATM based

● Enable GPON to support GSM Rel 99 or 3GPP Rel 4 which has both

E1 ATM and Ethernet for PSU

● E1 TDM circuit emulations are typically SATOP (Structured Agnostic TDM Over IP)

or CESoIP (Circuit Emulation over IP)

GPON Specifics

GPON G 984.2 Burst-Mode Timing

Rela

tive r

eceiv

ed o

ptical pow

er

ONU #1 ONU #2ONU #3

Guard Time Guard Time

Guard Time between consecutive burst avoids packet collision i.e. 25.6 ns

Optical Splitter

ONU #1

ONU #2

OLT

GPON

F1 Feeder Cable

ONU #3

Typical data pattern received in conventional deployment

FTTX Concepts and Applications, Gerd Keiser, Wiley

Effect of large distance variations of ONU

at OLT

Rela

tive r

eceiv

ed o

ptical pow

er

Nearby

ONU #1

Intermediate

ONU #2Distant ONU #3


Up to 15 dB

Optical Signal Pattern Levels that may arrive at an OLT

Optical Splitter

Nearby ONU #1

Intermediate ONU #2

OLT

GPON

F1 Feeder Cable Distant ONU #3

Large distance variations of ONU result in different signal power loss at the OLT


Fiber To The Home, The New Empowerment, Paul Green Jr, Wiley

GPON G 984.2 ONU Power Level Modes

• G 984.2 defines ONU power control of the laser

transmit with 3 power level modes

• Mode 1 – normal mode

• Mode 2 – 3 dB lower than Mode 1

• Mode 3 – 6 dB lower than Mode 2

Rela

tive r

eceiv

ed o

ptical pow

er

Nearby

ONU #1

Intermediate

ONU #2Distant ONU #3


Up to 15 dB

Optical Signal Pattern Levels that may arrive at an OLT

Reduce by 3-6dB

with power control



GPON Distributed Topologies

Fan-out Star Topology for 32 Node B

1x4 star to 1x8 split

1x4

1x8

1x8

1x8

OLT

1x8

GPON

Linear Topology for 7 Node B

1x4 to 1x4

7 Node B

OLT

GPON1x4

1x4


1x2 to 1x2

5 Node B

OLT

GPON 1x2 1x2 1x2 1x2

Asymmetrical Linear Star for 14 Node B

1x4 to 1x4 to 1x2

GPON

OLT

1x4

1x2

14 Node B

1x4

1x2 1x2


1x8 to 1x4 split

OLT

GPON

11 Node B

1x41x8

How far can they go?

Splitter insertion & fiber optic loss

• Fiber Loss Table

Wavelength Loss/km (dB) Loss/mi (dB) Band

– 1550 nm 0.25 0.40 C

– 1490 nm 0.28 0.48 S

– 1310 nm 0.40 0.64 O

(NOTE: Wavelengths used in BPON, EPON, & GPON.)

• Connector Loss Table

Type Loss (dB) Fusion Splice Loss (dB)

– SC/APC <0.20 – 0.25 0.2 ((± 0.05dB)

Connector & fusion splicing loss

FSB-16 Indoor/Outdoor

Fiber Splitter Box

Fusion Splice Tray

Fusion Splice Tray

OSP from RNC OSP to Node B

pigtails

pigtails

FSB-16 has 2xsplicings (2x0.2 = 0.4dB)

with 2 connector pairs (2x0.5 = 1.0 dB)

Total: 1.4dB

≈ 2.0 dB



1x4

1x8

1x8

1x8

OLT

1x8

GPON



Max link budget possible = 28-(7.2+2.0+10.3+2.0)

= 6.50 dB - 3 dB margin

= 3.50 dB/0.4 @1310nm

= 8.75 km

1x4

1x8

1x8

OLT

1x8

GPON

1x8

28 dB link budget Splitter -7.2dB

Splitter -10.3dB

FSB-16 -2.0 dB

FSB-16 -2.0 dB

Splitter -10.3dB

FSB-16 -2.0 dB

Max attenuation between

RED and BLUE ONU

should not exceed 15 dB


1x4 to 1x4

7 Node B

OLT

GPON1x4

1x4


= 9.6dB – 3 dB margin

= 6.6 dB/0.4 @1310nm

= 16.5 km


RED and BLUE ONU


OLT

GPON1x4 1x4

28 dB link budgetSplitter -7.2dB

FSB-16 -2.0 dBSplitter -7.2dB

FSB-16 -2.0 dB


1x4 to 1x4


1x2 to 1x2

5 Node B

OLT

GPON 1x2 1x2 1x2 1x2


1x2 to 1x2

Max link budget possible = 28-(3.7+2.0+3.7+2.0+3.7+2.0+3.7+2.0)

= 5.2dB – 3 dB margin

= 2.2 dB/0.4 @1310nm

= 5.5 km

OLT

GPON 1x2 1x2 1x2 1x2Splitter -3.7dB

28 dB link budgetFSB-16 -2.0 dB

Splitter -3.7dB

FSB-16 -2.0 dB


RED and BLUE ONU



1x4 to 1x4 to 1x2

GPON

OLT

1x4

1x2

14 Node B

1x4

1x2 1x2

Max link budget possible = 28-(7.2+2.0+7.2+2.0+3.7+2.0)

= 3.9 dB – 3 dB margin

= 0.9 dB/0.4 @1310nm

= 2.25 km

OLT

GPON

1x4

1x21x2

1x4

1x2

28 dB link budget

Splitter -7.2dB

FSB-16 -2.0 dB

Splitter -7.2dB

FSB-16 -2.0 dB

Splitter -3.7dB

FSB-16 -2.0 dB

Splitter -3.7dB

FSB-16 -2.0 dB


RED and BLUE ONU


1x2


1x4 to 1x4 to 1x2 split


1x8 to 1x4 split

OLT

GPON

11 Node B

1x41x8


1x8 to 1x4 split


= 6.5 dB – 3 dB margin

= 3.5 dB/0.4 @1310nm

= 8.75 km

OLT

GPON

1x4


RED and BLUE ONU


28 dB link budget

Splitter -7.2dB

1x8Splitter -7.2dB

FSB-16 -2.0 dB

FSB-16 -2.0 dB

How much Up Stream bandwidth?


1x4 star to 1x8 split – US bandwidth

1x4

1x8

1x8

1x8

OLT

1x8

GPON

US-32Mbps

US-1 Gbps

US-32Mbps


1x4 to 1x4 - US Bandwidth

7 Node B

OLT

GPON1x4

1x4US-1 Gbps

US-256 Mbps

US-256 Mbps

US-256 Mbps

US-64 Mbps

US-64 Mbps

US-64 Mbps

US-64 Mbps


1x2 to 1x2 - US Bandwidth

5 Node B

OLT

GPON 1x2 1x2 1x2 1x2US-1 Gbps US-256 Mbps

US-512 Mbps

US-128 Mbps

US-64 Mbps

US-64 Mbps


1x4 to 1x4 to 1x2 split – US bandwidth

GPON

OLT

1x4

1x2

14 Node B

1x4

1x2 1x2

US-1 Gbps

US-128 Mbps

US-128 Mbps

US-128 Mbps

US-32 Mbps

US-32 MbpsUS-32 Mbps


1x8 to 1x4 split – US bandwidth

OLT

GPON

11 Node B

1x41x8

US-128 Mbps

US-128 Mbps

US-32 Mbps

US-32 Mbps

US-32 Mbps

GPON Network Protection

GPON G 984.1 Network Protection Schemes

BPON G 983.1/5

Optical Splitter

E/O

E/O

Electrical●●●

E/O

E/O

E/O

E/O

Electrical

Electrical

ONT

ONTType C (Duplicate OLT, Redundant ONT)

50 ms switch-over

50 ms switch-over

50 ms switch-over

Optical Splitter

●●●

E/O

E/O

ElectricalFeeder Cable

Feeder Cable

Electrical

Electrical

ONU

ONUType B (Duplicate OLT)

Frame loss switch-over



Optical Splitter

●●●E/O

Electrical Main Feeder Cable

Spare Feeder Cable

Electrical

Electrical

ONU

ONUType A (Spare Feeder Fiber)

ONU re-range switch-over





Type A – Spare Feeder Fiber

Optical Splitter

●●●E/O

Electrical Main Feeder Cable

Spare Feeder Cable

Electrical

Electrical

ONU

ONUType A (Spare Feeder Fiber)



Plug and Play 2x16, 2x32 Splitter




Type B – Duplicate OLT

Optical Splitter

●●●

E/O

E/O

ElectricalFeeder Cable

Feeder Cable

Electrical

Electrical

ONU

ONUType B (Duplicate OLT)




Plug and Play 2x16, 2x32 Splitter




Type C (Duplicate OLT, Redundant ONT)

Optical Splitter

E/O

E/O

Electrical●●●

E/O

E/O

E/O

E/O

Electrical

Electrical

ONT

ONTType C (Duplicate OLT, Redundant ONT)

50 ms switch-over

50 ms switch-over

50 ms switch-over

Plug and Play 1x2, 1x4, 1x8, 1x16, 1x32 Splitter



Implications of Network Protection

• Using G.684.1 Type A and B means limiting choice of ODN to 2x16 and 2x32 splitters

– 2x16 & 2x32 has higher insertion loss

• G.684.1 Type C not economical for mass deployment

• Network protection is considered for high profile events coverage.

• Do nothing, handset will automatically hand-over to nearest base station when the active base station drops out due to GPON outage

ADC Product Portfolio

Mobile Backhaul using GPON

FSB–16 Indoor/Outdoor EnclosureFeatures and Benefits

• Rated for indoor or outdoor use

• Traditional Swing Frame Designallows for Access to the Back Section of the Wall Box

• Splitter can be Easily Installed After Wall Box Install

• Standard 12 Fiber Splice TrayAllows for Input Splicing Option

• Output Pigtails can either be Stored Internally or routed Externally for MDU-ONT connection

• 16 Adapter Capacity Provides Flexibility

FSB–72 Outdoor EnclosureFeatures and Benefits

• Traditional Swing Frame Design allows for Access to the Back Section of the Wall Box

• Splitters can be Easily Installed After Wall Box Install

• Standard 12 Fiber Splice TrayAllows for Input Splicing Option

• Accommodates up to 3 PNP splittermodules

• Utilizes sliding pack technology

• Up to 72 live port capacity with 32 parking spaces

• Easily wall mounts to buildings

• Accepts standard PNP splitter (same as FDH 3000)

Easy “Snap-In”

Requiring No Tools

2mm RBR Pigtail Outputs

SC/APC Connectorized

Input Pigtail

Parking Spots for

all Spare Ports

Protected module for

outstand plant use

Plug & Play (PnP) splitter modules

Questions?

[email protected]

Thank you!

gpon mobile backhaul

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