Gothic to Italian Renaissance

End of Chapter 15 & Chapter 16

Rebekah ScogginsArt Appreciation

February 12, 2013

Middle Ages in EuropeEarly Medieval Art

Chi-Rho Monogram (XP). Page from the Book of Kells. Late 8th Century. Inks and pigment on vellum.

Chi-Rho Monogram (XP). Page from the Book of Kells. Late 8th Century.

1) Angels

2) Man’s Head

3) Cats & Mice

Middle Ages in EuropeGothic

Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Notre Dame de Chartres. Chartres, France. View from the southeast. 1145–1513. Gothic.

Notre Dame de Chartres. Chartres, France. 1145–1513.

Pointed/Gothic Arch

Notre Dame de Chartres. Chartres, France. West Front.

Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.Notre Dame de Chartres. "Rose de France" Window. Chartres, France. c. 1233.

Precursor to the Renaissance

Giotto di Bondone. Lamentation. Scrovegni (Arena) Chapel, Padua, Italy. c. 1305. Fresco.

Giotto. Lamentation (Detail). Scrovegni (Arena) Chapel, Padua, Italy. c. 1305. Fresco

San Vitale, Emperor Justinian I (Detail), Ravenna, Italy, Byzantine, 526-547,

Mosaic.

Italian Renaissanceaka The Age of the Ninja Turtles

Eras – Focus• Greeks – idealized physical forms

• Roman – emphasized physical naturalism

• Middle Ages/Medieval – Spiritual concerns, not physical

• Renaissance – Earthly depictions of Christian subjects in human terms

Humanism• New philosophical, literary, and artistic movement

• Did not discard theological concerns, yet also:

– supported the secular dimensions of life

– pursued intellectual and scientific inquiry

– rediscovered the classical culture of Greece and Rome.

• Focus gradually shifted from God and the hereafter to humankind and the here and now.

• Endless potential for the individual.

• In art specifically, new and more modern scientific approaches were brought to the quest for representational accuracy.

– Resulting naturalism defined the Western tradition of art for over 400 yrs.

Masaccio. The Holy Trinity. View from the main area of the church. Santa Maria Novella, Florence, Italy. 1425. Fresco.

Masaccio. The Holy Trinity. Santa Maria Novella, Florence, Italy. 1425. Fresco.

Masaccio. The Holy Trinity. Santa Maria Novella, Florence, Italy. 1425. Fresco

Three Goddesses (detail), Parthenon, Athens, Greece.

Giotto, The Lamentation (detail), Arena Chapel, Padua, Italy.

Masaccio. The Holy Trinity (detail). Santa Maria

Novella, Florence, Italy.

Ninja Turtle #1: Donatello

Donatello. David. c. 1425–1430. Bronze.

Sandro Botticelli. Birth of Venus. c. 1480. Tempura on canvas.

Sandro Botticelli. Birth of Venus (Detail). c.

1480.

Venus de Medici (Detail).

3rd Century B.C.E. Marble.

The High Renaissance(1490-1530)

Ninja Turtle #2: Leonardo

Leonardo da Vinci. Vitruvian Man (Study of a man according to Vitruvius). From Leonardo’s journals. c.1485-1490. pen and ink on paper.

Leonardo da Vinci. Mona Lisa. c. 1503–1506. Oil on Wood.

Chiaroscuro

Pre-World War II picture of the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan, Italy. Home of The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci.

Leonardo da Vinci. The Last Supper. Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan, Italy. c. 1495–1498. Fresco.

Leonardo da Vinci. The Last Supper. Perspective lines as both organizing structure and

symbol of content.

Leonardo da Vinci. The Last Supper. Christ's figures as stabe triangle, contrasting with active turmoil of the

disciples.

Leonardo da Vinci. The Last Supper (Detail). Santa Maria delle Grazie,

Milan, Italy. c. 1495–1498. San Vitale. Christ on the Orb of the world. Ravenna, Italy. Apse Mosaic. Byzantine.

Ninja Turtle #3: Michelangelo

Michelangelo Buonarroti. David. 1501–1504. Marble.

Michelangelo Buonarroti. The Sistine Chapel. Ceiling of The Sistine Chapel. Vatican, Rome. 1508–1512. Frescoes.

Michelangelo Buonarroti. The Creation of Adam. Ceiling of The Sistine Chapel. Vatican, Rome. 1508–1512. Fresco.

Michelangelo Buonarroti. The Creation of Adam. Ceiling of The Sistine Chapel. Vatican, Rome.

1508–1512. Fresco.Michelangelo Buonarroti. Ignudo.

Ceiling of The Sistine Chapel. Vatican, Rome. 1508–1512.

Fresco.

Ninja Turtle #4: Raphael

Raphael. The School of Athens. 1508. Stanza della segnatura (Room of the Signatura). Vatican Palace. Vatican City, Italy. Fresco.

Raphael. The School of Athens. 1508. Stanza della segnatura (Room of the Signatura). Vatican Palace. Vatican City, Italy. Fresco.

Raphael. Madonna of the Meadow. c. 1505. Oil on board.

Byzantine School. Madonna and Child on a Curved Throne. Byzantine, 13th

Century. Tempura on PanelRaphael. Madonna of the Meadow. c. 1505. Oil on board.