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GOD’S PLAN OF GOD’S PLAN OF REDEMPTIONREDEMPTION

His Eternal Plan for Us As Revealed in the Word

Lesson 3: The Two Covenants

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LESSON 3: THE TWO LESSON 3: THE TWO COVENANTSCOVENANTS

What the Old Covenant isWhat the Old Covenant isWhat the New Covenant isWhat the New Covenant isThe Old Covenant has been replaced The Old Covenant has been replaced

by the Newby the NewMankind is no longer under the Old Mankind is no longer under the Old

CovenantCovenantThe Old and the New Covenants The Old and the New Covenants

comparedcompared

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THE COVENANT – WHAT IS THE COVENANT – WHAT IS IT?IT?

EXODUS 34:28. EXODUS 34:28. ““And Moses was there with Jehovah And Moses was there with Jehovah

forty days and forty nights; he did forty days and forty nights; he did neither eat bread, nor drink water. neither eat bread, nor drink water. And he wrote upon the tables the And he wrote upon the tables the words of words of the covenant, the ten the covenant, the ten commandmentscommandments.”.”

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DEUTERONOMY 4:13.DEUTERONOMY 4:13. ““And Jehovah declared unto you his And Jehovah declared unto you his

covenant, which he commanded you covenant, which he commanded you to perform, to perform, even the ten even the ten commandmentscommandments; ; and he wrote them and he wrote them upon two tables of stoneupon two tables of stone.”.”

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JAMES 2:10-11. JAMES 2:10-11. ““For whosoever shall keep the whole For whosoever shall keep the whole

lawlaw, and yet stumble in one point, he , and yet stumble in one point, he is become guilty of all. is become guilty of all. 1111 For he that For he that said, said, Do not commit adulteryDo not commit adultery, said , said also, also, Do not killDo not kill. Now if you do not . Now if you do not commit adultery, but you kill, you commit adultery, but you kill, you become a transgressor of the law.”become a transgressor of the law.”

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JOHN 1:17.JOHN 1:17. ““For For the law was given through the law was given through

MosesMoses; grace and truth came through ; grace and truth came through Jesus Christ.”Jesus Christ.”

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THE COMING OF THE LAW OR THE COMING OF THE LAW OR COVENANTCOVENANT

NEHEMIAH 9:13-14. ““Thou didst come down upon Thou didst come down upon Mount Mount

SinaiSinai, and speak with them from , and speak with them from heaven and give them heaven and give them right right ordinances and true laws, good ordinances and true laws, good statutes and commandmentsstatutes and commandments, , 1414 and thou didst make known to them and thou didst make known to them thy holy sabbath and command them thy holy sabbath and command them commandments and statutes and a commandments and statutes and a law by Moses thy servantlaw by Moses thy servant.”.”

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DEUTERONOMY 5:1-3.DEUTERONOMY 5:1-3. ““And Moses summoned all Israel, and said And Moses summoned all Israel, and said

to them, "Hear, O Israel, the statutes and to them, "Hear, O Israel, the statutes and the ordinances which I speak in your the ordinances which I speak in your hearing this day, and you shall learn them hearing this day, and you shall learn them and be careful to do them. and be careful to do them. 2 2 The LORD our The LORD our God made a God made a covenantcovenant with us in with us in HorebHoreb. . 3 3 Not with our fathersNot with our fathers did the LORD make did the LORD make this covenant, this covenant, but with us, who are all of but with us, who are all of us here alive this dayus here alive this day. ”. ”

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ROMANS 2:14.ROMANS 2:14.““When When Gentiles who have not the lawGentiles who have not the law

do by nature what the law requires, do by nature what the law requires, they are a law to themselves, even they are a law to themselves, even though though they do not have the lawthey do not have the law.”.”

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OLD COVENANT REPLACED OLD COVENANT REPLACED BY THE NEWBY THE NEW

JEREMIAH 31:31-34.JEREMIAH 31:31-34. ““Behold, the Behold, the days are comingdays are coming, says the , says the

LORD, when LORD, when I will make a new covenantI will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and the house of with the house of Israel and the house of Judah, Judah, 3232 not like the covenant which I not like the covenant which I made with their fathers when I took them made with their fathers when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egyptof Egypt, my covenant which they broke, , my covenant which they broke, though I was their husband, says the though I was their husband, says the LORD. LORD.

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3333 But But this is the covenant which I will this is the covenant which I will make with the house of Israel after those make with the house of Israel after those daysdays, says the LORD: I will put my law , says the LORD: I will put my law within them, and I will write it upon their within them, and I will write it upon their hearts; and I will be their God, and they hearts; and I will be their God, and they shall be my people. shall be my people. 34 34 And no longer shall And no longer shall each man teach his neighbor and each his each man teach his neighbor and each his brother, saying, 'Know the LORD,' for they brother, saying, 'Know the LORD,' for they shall all know me, from the least of them shall all know me, from the least of them to the greatest, says the LORD; to the greatest, says the LORD; for I will for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no moretheir sin no more.”.”

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HEBREWS 8:6-13. HEBREWS 8:6-13. ““But as it is, But as it is, Christ has obtained a ministry Christ has obtained a ministry

which is as much more excellentwhich is as much more excellent than the than the old as the old as the covenant he mediates is bettercovenant he mediates is better, , since it is enacted on since it is enacted on better promisesbetter promises. . 77 For For if that if that first covenant had been faultless, first covenant had been faultless, there would have been no occasion for a there would have been no occasion for a secondsecond. . 88 For he finds fault with them when For he finds fault with them when he says: "The days will come, says the Lord, he says: "The days will come, says the Lord, when when I will establish a new covenant with I will establish a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of the house of Israel and with the house of JudahJudah; ;

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9 9 not like the covenant that I made with not like the covenant that I made with their fathers on the day when I took them their fathers on the day when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt; for they did not continue in my Egypt; for they did not continue in my covenant, and so I paid no heed to them, covenant, and so I paid no heed to them, says the Lord. says the Lord. 10 10 This is the covenant that I This is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after will make with the house of Israel after those days, says the Lord: I will put my laws those days, says the Lord: I will put my laws into their minds, and write them on their into their minds, and write them on their hearts, and I will be their God, and they hearts, and I will be their God, and they shall be my people. shall be my people.

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1111 And they shall not teach every one And they shall not teach every one his fellow or every one his brother, his fellow or every one his brother, saying, 'Know the Lord,' for all shall saying, 'Know the Lord,' for all shall know me, from the least of them to the know me, from the least of them to the greatest. greatest. 1212 For I will be merciful For I will be merciful toward their iniquities, and I will toward their iniquities, and I will remember their sins no more." remember their sins no more." 1313 In In speaking of a new covenant he treats speaking of a new covenant he treats the first as obsolete. And what is the first as obsolete. And what is becoming obsolete and growing old is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to vanish awayready to vanish away.”.”

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HEBREWS 8:7.HEBREWS 8:7.““For if that first covenant had been For if that first covenant had been

faultless, there would have been no faultless, there would have been no occasion for a secondoccasion for a second.”.”

HEBREWS 7:12.HEBREWS 7:12.““For For when there is a change in the when there is a change in the

priesthoodpriesthood, , there is necessarily a there is necessarily a change in the law as wellchange in the law as well.”.”

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MATTHEW. 5:18.MATTHEW. 5:18.““For truly, I say to you, till heaven For truly, I say to you, till heaven

and earth pass away, and earth pass away, not an iota, not not an iota, not a dot, will pass from the law until all a dot, will pass from the law until all is accomplishedis accomplished.”.”

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LUKE 24:44-48.LUKE 24:44-48. ““Then he said to them, "These are my words Then he said to them, "These are my words

which I spoke to you, while I was still with you, which I spoke to you, while I was still with you, that everything written about me in the law of that everything written about me in the law of Moses and the prophets and the psalms must be Moses and the prophets and the psalms must be fulfilledfulfilled." ." 4545 Then he opened their minds to Then he opened their minds to understand the scriptures, understand the scriptures, 4646 and said to them, and said to them, "Thus it is written, that the Christ should suffer "Thus it is written, that the Christ should suffer and on the third day rise from the dead, and on the third day rise from the dead, 4747 and and that repentance and forgiveness of sins should that repentance and forgiveness of sins should be preached in his name to all nations, beginning be preached in his name to all nations, beginning from Jerusalem. from Jerusalem. 4848 You are witnesses of these You are witnesses of these things. ” things. ”

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HEBREWS 9:15.HEBREWS 9:15.““Therefore Therefore he is the mediator of a he is the mediator of a

new covenantnew covenant, so that those who are , so that those who are called may receive the promised called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since eternal inheritance, since a death a death has occurred which redeems them has occurred which redeems them from the transgressions under the from the transgressions under the first covenantfirst covenant.”.”

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HEBREWS 8:6.HEBREWS 8:6.““But as it is, But as it is, Christ has obtained Christ has obtained

a ministry which isa ministry which is as as much more much more excellentexcellent than the old as than the old as the the covenant he mediates is bettercovenant he mediates is better, , since it is enacted on since it is enacted on better better promisespromises.” .”

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HEBREWS 12:24.HEBREWS 12:24.““And to And to Jesus the mediator of the Jesus the mediator of the

new covenantnew covenant, and to the blood of , and to the blood of sprinkling, that sprinkling, that speaketh better speaketh better thingsthings than that of Abel” than that of Abel” (KJV).(KJV).

““And to And to Jesus, the mediator of a new Jesus, the mediator of a new covenantcovenant, and to the sprinkled blood , and to the sprinkled blood that speaks more graciouslythat speaks more graciously than the than the blood of Abel” blood of Abel” (ASV).(ASV).

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WE ARE NO LONGER UNDER WE ARE NO LONGER UNDER THE OLDTHE OLD

GALATIANS 3:11.GALATIANS 3:11.““But that But that no man is justified by no man is justified by

the lawthe law in the sight of God, it is in the sight of God, it is evident: for, The just shall live by evident: for, The just shall live by faith.” faith.”

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GALATIANS 3:18-19.GALATIANS 3:18-19.““For if the inheritance is by the lawFor if the inheritance is by the law, ,

it is no longer by promise; but God it is no longer by promise; but God gave it to Abraham by a promise. gave it to Abraham by a promise. 1919 Why then the law? It was added Why then the law? It was added because of transgressionsbecause of transgressions, till the , till the offspring should come to whom the offspring should come to whom the promise had been made; and it was promise had been made; and it was ordained by angels through an ordained by angels through an intermediary.” intermediary.”

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GALATIANS 3:21.GALATIANS 3:21.““Is the law then against the promises Is the law then against the promises

of God? God forbid: of God? God forbid: for if there had for if there had been a law given which could have been a law given which could have given lifegiven life, verily righteousness , verily righteousness should have been by the law.” should have been by the law.”

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GALATIANS 3:23.GALATIANS 3:23.““But before faith came, we were kept But before faith came, we were kept

in prison under the law, waiting for in prison under the law, waiting for the revelation of the faith which was the revelation of the faith which was to come” to come” (BBE).(BBE).

““Now before faith came, we were Now before faith came, we were confined under the law, kept under confined under the law, kept under restraint until faith should be restraint until faith should be revealed” revealed” (RSV).(RSV).

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GALATIANS 3:24.GALATIANS 3:24.““So that So that the law was our custodianthe law was our custodian

until Christ came, that we might be until Christ came, that we might be justified by faith” justified by faith” (RSV).(RSV).

““So that So that the law became our the law became our schoolmasterschoolmaster for Christ, so that we for Christ, so that we might be made righteous from faith” might be made righteous from faith” (ACV).(ACV).

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GALATIANS 3:25.GALATIANS 3:25.““But after that faith is come, But after that faith is come, we are we are

no longer under a schoolmasterno longer under a schoolmaster” ” (KJV).(KJV).

““But now that faith has come, But now that faith has come, we are we are no longer under a custodianno longer under a custodian” ” (RSV).(RSV).

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HEBREWS 7:12.HEBREWS 7:12. ““For when there is a change in the For when there is a change in the

priesthood, priesthood, there is necessarily a there is necessarily a change in the law as wellchange in the law as well” ” (RSV).(RSV).

““For the priesthood being changedFor the priesthood being changed, , there is made of necessity a change there is made of necessity a change also of the lawalso of the law” ” (KJV).(KJV).

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HEBREWS 8:13.HEBREWS 8:13.““In that he saith, A new covenant, he In that he saith, A new covenant, he

hath made the first old. Now that hath made the first old. Now that which decayeth and waxeth old is which decayeth and waxeth old is ready to vanish away” ready to vanish away” (KJV).(KJV).

““In speaking of a new covenant he In speaking of a new covenant he treats the first as obsolete. And what treats the first as obsolete. And what is becoming obsolete and growing is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to vanish away” old is ready to vanish away” (RSV).(RSV).

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HEBREWS 9:15.HEBREWS 9:15.““Therefore he is the mediator of a Therefore he is the mediator of a

new covenant, so that those who are new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a eternal inheritance, since a death death has occurred which redeems them has occurred which redeems them from the transgressions under the from the transgressions under the first covenantfirst covenant.”.”

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COLOSSIANS 2:14. COLOSSIANS 2:14. ““Having canceled the bond which Having canceled the bond which

stood against us with its legal stood against us with its legal demands; this he set aside, nailing it demands; this he set aside, nailing it to the cross” to the cross” (RSV).(RSV).

““Blotting out the handwriting of Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against us, which ordinances that was against us, which was contrary to us, and took it out of was contrary to us, and took it out of the way, nailing it to his cross” the way, nailing it to his cross” (KJV).(KJV).

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THE OLD COMPARED WITH THE OLD COMPARED WITH THE NEWTHE NEW

MATTHEW 5:21-22.MATTHEW 5:21-22. THE OLD LAW SAYS: THE OLD LAW SAYS: “You have heard that “You have heard that

it was said to the men of old, 'You shall not it was said to the men of old, 'You shall not kill; and whoever kills shall be liable to kill; and whoever kills shall be liable to judgment.”judgment.”

CHRIST SAYS: CHRIST SAYS: “But I say to you that every “But I say to you that every one who is angry with his brother shall be one who is angry with his brother shall be liable to judgment; whoever insults his liable to judgment; whoever insults his brother shall be liable to the council, and brother shall be liable to the council, and whoever says, 'You fool!' shall be liable to the whoever says, 'You fool!' shall be liable to the hell of fire.”hell of fire.”

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MATTHEW 5:27-28.MATTHEW 5:27-28.THE OLD LAW SAYS: THE OLD LAW SAYS: “You have “You have

heard that it was said, ‘You shall not heard that it was said, ‘You shall not commit adultery.’”commit adultery.’”

CHRIST SAYS: CHRIST SAYS: “But I say to you “But I say to you that every one who looks at a woman that every one who looks at a woman lustfully has already committed lustfully has already committed adultery with her in his heart.”adultery with her in his heart.”

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END OF LESSON 3END OF LESSON 3

NEXT, LESSON 4: THE DAY OF NEXT, LESSON 4: THE DAY OF JUDGMENTJUDGMENT