global marketing. culture

Culture

Importance of time in culture

P- time M –time

High context culture

Low context culture

Elements of culture

1.Material cultureTechnology Economics

2. Social institutionsEducation family Political structure

3. Human and universeReligion Beliefs system

4. Aesthetic senseMusic/ arts heritage

5. Language

Global Marketing by Armoghan Tallat KHAN

Culture knowledge

1.Factual knowledge

2.Interpretive knowledge

Culture values

1.Individualism/ collective index

2.Power distance

3.Uncertainty avoidance

4.Masculinity / femininity


Business customs or business culture

Criteria of adaptation or success

1.Open tolerance

2.Flexibility

3.Humour

4.Fair and justice

5.Ability to vary tempos

6.Curiosity and interest


7. Knowledge of the host country

8. Liking for others

9. Ability to command respect

10. Ability to integrate

Culture borrowings

Culture changes and resistance

Planned change Vs un-planned change


Classification of business customs

1.Culture imperatives

2.Culture electives

3.Culture exclusives


Methods of doing business / decision making process

1.Top level mgt decisions/ centralised approach

2.Decentralised approach

3.Group decision

culture and its influence in decision making


Impact of culture on management

1.Personal goals

2.Security and mobility

3.Personal goals

4.Social acceptance

5.Power


Ethics in culture

Responsiveness

Responsibility

Obligation

Bribery and its role in various cultures

1.Extortion

2.Subornation

3.lubrication


The political environment and risk in global marketing

Types of political risk

1.Confiscation

2. Expropriation

3. Domestication

Transfer of ownership

Management of host country

local content law /Import restriction

Other strict laws


Risk involvement in managing the business globally

1.Economic risk

2.Exchange control

3.Local content

4.Import restrictions

5.Tax control

6.Price control

7.Labour unions



Other things to consider

1.Pressure of NGO’s

2.Violence and terrorism

3.Crime rate

4.Cyber crime rate

Solution

Planning

forecasting

Strategies to reduce political risk

1.Joint venture

2.Expanding the credit line from host country

3.Controlling marketing and operational system

4.Licensing and franchising

5.Planned domestication

6.Political pay offs


Legal environment

Types of law

1.Common law

2.Code of law

criminal lawcivil lawcommercial law/ corporate law

3. Islamic law


Dispute and there resolution

1.Conciliation

2.Arbitration

3.Litigation


Cyber laws

Intellectual rights

Trade marks and logos

Green marketing laws

Child labour laws

Other ethical concerns


global marketing. culture

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