GIS revision

I can explain what is a GIS.

A. True

B. False

A. B.

0%0%

GIS is a short name for…

A. Geological Insane Software

B. Geographic Information Software

C. Geographic Information System

D. Geospatial Information System

A. B. C. D.

0% 0%0%0%

A GIS is a software.

A. True

B. False

A. B.

0%0%

Is it really important to know if the GIS software is open source or proprietary?A. Yes, I might not have the

money to buy a license.

B. Not really, whatever is available works for me.

C. Yes, customising my tools is important to me.

D. I didn't understand this question.

A. B. C. D.

0% 0%0%0%

What do we know about GIS so far?

• It allows to work with geospatial data to solve spatial problems (to know where it is, what happens somewhere and what changes – integration and spatial analysis)

• It can be used for many different applications provided geospatial data exist, presented with the correct coordinate system

• It needs at least 5 components to work properly (Hardware, Software, Data, Procedures, People) – not only software!

• Many GIS software available (open-source source code is freely available to view, edit, and redistribute)

• All GIS software provide basic GIS tools: projection transformation, spatial analysis; surface creation; data management; selection and extraction operations.

• With any GIS software we can visualize the data and create maps

Vector vs Raster

It is clear to me how to identify vector and raster data.A. True

B. False

A. B.

0%0%

GIS data model (vector: entities/objects)Geospatial data acquisition

LocationType of representationClassification (what it is?)

Database (Attributes)

ID X Y Name

Real-world

Simplification

Model

Map

Data Model

GIS data model = spatial data (geometry, location) + non-spatial data (attribute)

As a GIS consultant which type of data (vector or raster) would you need to present for this GIS projects:

• An owner of a ski resort in Threbo wants to map the location of the resort facilities but also the surrounding area where the

ski fields are located.

• A farmer in Rutherglen wants to map soil pH for his property .

• A NSW conservation management agency wants to map bird nest locations within a national park.

• A Victoria water management agency wants to identify river sections with poor water quality.

SKI

PADDOCK

BIRDS / NATIONAL PARK

RIVER

Two GIS data models:

VECTORmore appropriate for mapping discrete geographic entities

RASTERmost appropriate for modelling continuous geographic phenomena

https://csde.washington.edu/services/gis/workshops/Images/IntroGIS_Layers.png

ELEVATION MODELS

DEM – Digital Elevation Model

TIN – Triangulated Irregular Network

GIS data models choice

• There are many possible views for the same reality depending on the abilities and preferences of the GIS user.

http://campusarch.msu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/raster-and-vector-model1.jpg

GIS data models choice

• The decision will be based on the aim to be achieved and the database needed.

• The choice of the conceptual model determines how information can later be derived.

• It depends on the scientific or technical discipline of the user

http://geog214-7.wikispaces.com/file/view/vector_raster.jpg/169141933/476x567/vector_raster.jpg

Heywood, Cornelius & Carver, 2011

Examples of applications using vector data?

Examples of applications using raster data?

Any application that involves location, networks, spatial queries, creating buffers, distance-based.

Any application that involves spatially continuous phenomena, processing satellite imagery

Environmental data collection

http://smap.jpl.nasa.gov/system/resources/detail_files/53_USDA_map.jpg.https://www.deere.com/en_US/media/corporate_images/2013_press_releases/field_connect_large.jpg.

SMAP (radar satellite measuring soil moisture everywhere on Earth’s surface )

Soil moisture sensors measuring soil moisture in specific point locations

It is clear to me how to identify vector and raster data.A. True

B. False

A. B.

0%0%

If I want to represent discrete features, I would probably choose a vector data model for my GIS project.

A. Yes, definitely.

B. Not really.

C. Not sure, ask me again another time

A. B. C.

0% 0%0%

Raster is like a putting a cake rack on top of everything.

A. Raster is about baking? I’m totally lost…

B. It makes sense

C. Don’t agree, it is more like choosing each object and putting it as a map.

A. B. C.

0% 0%0%