gi2012 christl-keynote arnulf-christl-open_data-licensing

OSGeo, FOSS, OSM & OSLicensing (ODbL)

The 12th Saxonian GIS-Forum

Arnulf ChristlOSGeo President

The 12th Saxonian GISForum OSGeo Professional Open Source 2 / 42The 12th Saxonian GISForum OSGeo Professional Open Source 2 / 48

Arnulf Christl

Geospatial Systems Architect at metaspatial.● President of OSGeo● OGC Architecture Board Member ● OpenStreetMap Advocate

Founder of several companies and initiatives, provides consulting for SDI and travels a lot.

http://arnulf.us/Arnulf

http://www.metaspatial.net/

http://wiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Arnulf_Christl

http://www.opengeospatial.org/projects/groups/oab

http://openstreetmap.de/


The 12th Saxonian GIS-Forum OSGeo - Professional Open Source 3/40

A perspective on: Open Source GeospatialFree Software LicensesOpen Source DevelopmentOpenStreetMapOpen Database Licensing


Agenda

What is OSGeo?

What is FOSS?

What is OSM?

What is special about Open Data Licensing (ODbL)?

This presentation is available for download at http://arnulf.us/Publications

http://arnulf.us/publications/


Let us put someOrder into Chaos

...and make things clear


Part I

What is OSGeo?


Yes, … but:

Anybody can call anything "Open Source"

And a name does not automagicallymake better software!

Using Open Source?


Open Source Geospatial Foundation

http://www.osgeo.org

Your Open Source Compass...organizes spatial IT

Quality Open Source

http://www.osgeo.org/


The OSGeo Foundation

OSGeo is a global non-profit organization founded in February 2006

Leading voice for

Geospatial Open Source

Structure similar to the Apache Foundation

Volunteer based

Funded by sponsorship


OSGeo's Mission

Support and promote

the highest quality

Open Source

Geospatial Software


Provide resources for FOSS4G projects:

Infrastructure

Legal

Financial

Promote free and open geospatial data

Create and maintain a quality brand

Create and promote free curriculum

Promote and contribute to standards

OSGeo's Goals

http://www.osgeo.org



OSGeo's Structure

CommitteesCommittees

Committees

Board of 9 Directorsand President

LocalChaptersLocal

ChaptersLocalChapters

OfficersOfficers25 Officers

LocalChaptersLocal

ChaptersFoundationProjects

CommitteesCommittees

Committees

elected by Membership 125 Charter Members

Charter Members vote

represent

Sponsors


Support FOSS4G on a global scale

Support local activities and capacities

Facilitate inter-project communication

Build a solid market for businesses and users

Interface with industry and business

Support the education of domain experts not «brand-specialists»

Many more...

Activities


Part II

What is Free Software (licensing)?


Free Software Licensing

Free Software Licensing Not as in "free beer"

but as in free speech

You are free to:

use it anywhere for any purpose understand and improve it adjust it to suit your needs collaborate with anybody else


You are not allowed to copy You are not allowed to modify You are not allowed to give away You are not allowed to improve You are not allowed to install You are not allowed to share

You are not allowed to...

Proprietary Licenses

...another cartoon by Nina Paley: Terms of Services!

http://arnulf.us/End-User_License_Agreement



Free Software is a legal licensing model (a vaccine) protecting your interests.

The opposite is proprietary software protecting only the vendor's interests.

Nota bene: "commercial software" is a frequently used misnomer.

http://www.fsf.org/


FOSS Licenses

Clear BSD License

GNU General Public License (GPL), Version 3

GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), Version 3

Apache License, Version 2.0

Modified BSD license

FreeBSD license

Mozilla Public License (MPL) version 2.0

XFree86 1.1 License

etc.

http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html#SoftwareLicenses

http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html#SoftwareLicenses


Free Software Licensing Not as in "free beer"

but as in free speech

You are free to:

use it anywhere for any purpose understand and improve it adjust it to suit your needs collaborate with anybody else


Guaranteed!

Guaranteed!


Part III

What is Open Source (development)?


Software development teamSolves the problem

new version is released

Software users have new requirements, find bugs

Code is improved

Problem is identified

Publish Software (or Code)

Software Development


Overall Revenue in IT

Less than 10% of revenue in IT is generated through selling software

usage licenses.

(i.e. by restricting copying)

Read http://arnulf.us/Cadastre for more details

http://arnulf.us/Cadastre


Why does it Work?

Because there is a need forsoftware

Because there is a community Because we are all connected

(through the Internet)


Part IV

What is OpenStreetMap?


OpenStreetMap

OpenStreetMap is

a community project to

create a free editable

map of the

world


How does it Work?

Maps are created using data from portable satellite navigation devices

(aka GPS) aerial photography other free sources local knowledge


Why does it Work?

Because there is a need forfree map data

Because there is a community Because we are all connected

(through the Internet)

(a lot of experience comes from the Open Source movement)


Part V

How to License Geospatial Data?


How is OSM licensed?

Since the beginning of the project

Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0Then over three years a major change was initiated which lead to a completely new license:

Since April 1st 2012:

Open Database License (OBbL)

The data which was committed until 2012 March 31st is still, and will forever be available under the CC license.

http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1.0/



ODbL


OBbL – Rights (human readable version)

http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/summary/

http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/summary/


OBbL – Duties (human readable version)


Major Changes

Major changes apply to Produced Work and Derivative Databases. Produced Work does not have to be published under the

ODbL but reasonable attribution has to be added

On "request" the Derivative Database used to create the Produced Work have to be conveyed to the requester

or, the processes which lead to the Derivative Database have to be conveyed to the requester

There is an exception for Collective Databases which do not have to be published under the ODbL (except for the parts which already are licensed under the ODbL)


Derivative Databases

4.6 Access to Derivative Databases. If You Publicly Use a Derivative Database or a Produced Work from a Derivative Database, You must also offer to recipients of the Derivative Database or Produced Work a copy in a machine readable form of:

a. The entire Derivative Database; or

b. A file containing all of the alterations made to the Database or the method of making the alterations to the Database (such as an algorithm), including any additional Contents, that make up all the differences between the Database and the Derivative Database.

The Derivative Database (under a.) or alteration file (under b.) must be available at no more than a reasonable production cost for physical distributions and free of charge if distributed over the internet.


Dispute

There was a long discussion about usefulness and harm of the ODbL introduction .

It was never closed. http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Open_Data_License/Why_You_Should_Decline

Open questions:

What license can the public administration use?

What does "Commercial Use" mean?

What is the way forward for INSPIRE?

http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Open_Data_License/Why_You_Should_Decline


The Solution

Public Domain

Commons

CC0


Copyright: Arnulf Christl, metaspatial. This slide set is copyrighted to the commons

The annual Conference on Free and Open Source Software

for Geospatial With friendly support by:

Thank you for your Attention!

http://www.metaspatial.net

http://arnulf.us/Seven:Copyrights

http://arnulf.us/Arnulf_Christl




INSPIRE (and PSI)

How is the data released through INSPIRE licensed?

Open questions:

What is the meaning of Public Sector Information (PSI)?

How can geospatial PSI be used?

What license can the public administration use?

What does "Commercial Use" mean?

What is the way forward for INSPIRE?


Copying is not Theft

There is a big difference between material theft and digital copying.

We have difficulties understanding this because we are material.

But our Mind is not entirely material, therefore we can understand.

A great 60 second cartoon by Nina Paley:Copying is not Theft.

http://arnulf.us/Copying_is_not_Theft


References OSGeo Foundation website: http://www.osgeo.org

Wiki: http://wiki.osgeo.org

Open Source: http://producingoss.org by Karl Fogel

OpenStreetMap: http://www.openstreetmap.org/

A note on Copyright: http://arnulf.us/Seven:Copyrights

The ODbL http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1.0/

OSM Dispute: http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Open_Data_License/Why_You_Should_Decline

Lawyer talk: http://www.ifross.org/ifross_html/home2_2009.html

This presentation is available for download at http://arnulf.us/Publications


http://wiki.osgeo.org/

http://producingoss.org/

http://producingoss.com/

http://www.openstreetmap.org/

http://arnulf.us/Seven:Copyrights


http://www.ifross.org/ifross_html/home2_2009.html

http://arnulf.us/publications/

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