getting technical - linking uksg serials resource management for 21 st century getting technical -...

UKSG Serials Resource Management for 21st Century

Getting Technical - LinkingGetting Technical - Linking

Robert BleyEx Libris UK Ltd.

UKSG – SRM Seminar – Getting Technical! 2

Jargonbusting agenda!The basics of the webLinking

D.I.Y. DOI & CrossRef OpenURL

SearchingNISO Metasearch(Not too much on) authentication!Open Archives Initiative – ‘e-prints’

Usage statisticsElectronic Resource ManagementThe future…(!)


How does the Web work?

3 simple protocols:

Data FormatsHTML (HyperText Markup Language) provides the data format for documents

AddressingURLs (Uniform Resource Locator) provides an addressing mechanism for web resources

TransportHTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) defines transfer of resources between client and server

Data FormatHTML

AddressingURL

TransportHTTP

(currently)

Brian Kelly, Web-Focus, UKOLN


The Netsoft home page

1 User clicks on link to the address (URL)http://www.netsoft.com/hello.html

2 Browser converts link to HTTP command (METHOD):Connect to computer at www.netsoft.com

GET /hello.html

3 Remote computer sends file<HTML><TITLE>Welcome</TITLE>..<P>Welcome to <B>Netsoft</B>

Welcome toNetsoft

4 Local computer displays HTML file

Web Browser

Web server

How does the Web work?


Other key jargonHTML – Hypertext Markup Language. A document format that allows text to be interpreted by web browsers (Internet Explorer etc) as web pages - e.g.


Other key jargonXML - Extensible Markup Language - allows creators of web documents to define their own customized tags for defining and transmitting data between applications and/or organizations


Other key jargon

SOAP - Simple Object Access Protocol. An XML-based protocol for information exchange

“Web services” - describes a standardized way of integrating Web applications. XML is used to tag the data, SOAP is used to transfer the data


Other key jargon…

ONIX for Serials - a collection of XML format standards for (among many other things!) communicating electronic serials holdings details using XML. (See http://www.editeur.org/onixserials.htm).


Linking Mechanisms

URL-based include:explicit filenamehttp://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue24/intro.html

derived filename, e.g. ISSN, SICIhttp://www.jstor.ac.uk/journals/10624783.html

script, e.g. http://www.esajournals.org/esaonline/?request=get-

abstract&issn=00129658&volume=077&issue=08&page=2302


Linking Mechanisms

The Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

• A unique identifier assigned to a digital object.

• A way of accessing an object (e.g. a full text article) without having to know its URL - the DOI identifies the object itself, not the place where it is stored.

• Persistent - as long as the object exists, so does the DOI.


DOI: Dumb Old Identifier

“Dumb” number - doesn’t relate to the object, couldn’t be guessed – similar idea to a phone number.

10.1000/1A3X-56BZ9

Prefix - given to the rights owner e.g. the publisher

Suffix - any unique alphanumeric string

e.g. 10.1074/jbc.M004545200


CrossRef/DOI resolution

References

MetadataDOI

DOI link

URL to

Publisher

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/57.1.95


OpenURL (ANSI/NISO Z39.88)

Pat Harris, Executive Director of NISO:"One message we hear is that the new business

model will be enabled by information technology with standards at the core. This is where NISO fits in. …over five hundred years ago Guttenberg fundamentally changed communication and learning.

Today NISO's challenge is to create those standards that will enable the modern day Guttenburg Moment. Could it be the OpenURL?"


OpenURL format ::= Base URL ? Query

Base-URL = web address of the link resolver i.e. the address to which the OpenURL is being sent

http://LinkFinderPlus.library.edu?genre=article&issn=1234-5678&volume=12&issue=3&spage=1&epage=8&date=1998&aulast=Smith&aufirst=Paul

Query = the metadata that the link resolver uses to identify and link to appropriate targets


Traditional linking – the old way

http://publish.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v63/p062103


Smart linking with the OpenURL

http://sfx.aaa.edu/menu?genre=article&issn=0036-8075&volume=12&issue=3&spage=1&epage=8&date=1998&aulast=Smith&aufirst=Paul

(e.g. OPAC or A&I database)

(e.g.full text or pay-per-view etc)


A & I resource as link source…

TargetSource Menu


E-journal reference as link source


Searching

Huge array of library resources – different interfaces and different search syntaxes

Libraries act as “gatekeepers” to these resources

One method – simple library web page listing those resources


One answer?


metasearching = federated searching =

cross database searching = parallel searching =

broadcast searching = integrated searching

Query form

?

Diverse information resources

Another answer: Cross-resource searching?


Cross-resource searching - standards

Z39.50 – Old (pre-web) US standard for bibliographic information retrieval - defining a standard way for two computers to communicate and share information. Still the most commonly standard used by library system OPACs, publishers and database providers etc.ZING – Z39.50 Next Generation. Has produced two standards:SRU and SRW are similar protocols http://www.loc.gov/z3950/agency/zing/zing-home.htmlSRU (“search & retrieve URL”) is done as a basic HTTP request (it can be in the format of a URL) whereas the search in SRW (“search & retrieve web”) is sent as an XML document wrapped in SOAP.NISO Metasearch initiative


A few words about the dark art of authentication!

Distinction between - authentication (publishers (etc.) asking “are you who you say you are”)…and…- authorization (publishers (etc.) asking “what are you entitled to access, now that we know who you are?”)Most publishers have “IP authentication”Every address on the Internet has a numeric equivalent – e.g. 212.58.224.55 = www.bbc.co.ukAn institution may “own” a range – e.g. 212.58.224.xPublishers may register a range or individual workstation addressesNumeric to alphabetic lookup available at http://www.ripe.net/fcgi-bin/whois?Drawbacks for off-campus users, mean alternative password-based solutions exist – e.g. AthensOther options = Proxy address (legal “IP spoofing”!) and Shibboleth


Getting technical

Pig courtesy of Tom Bishop, Royal College of Surgeons

All sorted then?


The Open Archives Initiative• 1999 Universal Preprint Service (UPS)

• Multi-disciplinary collection of technical reports, conference papers, articles, e-print servers, etc.

• Services provided on “harvested metadata”

• Data Providers / Service Providers

• Not ‘Cross-Searching’

• OAI is only about metadata – not full text

• OAI is neutral about nature of metadata and the resources described


OAI - Protocol for Metadata Harvesting

Simple mechanism for sharing metadata records Records shared over the web (ie HTTP as XML)‘Client’ can ask metadata server for

all records all records modified in last ‘n’ days info about sets, formats, etc.

Specific application: self-archiving via e-print servers in/for all institutions

“SHERPA” – UK project - http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/


Consistent, Credible & Compatible Usage StatisticsCode of Practice for:

Data elements to be measured Definitions of these data elements Output report formats/delivery/frequency/granularityMethods for measurement and use

• AAP, ALPSP, ARL, ASA, EDItEUR, JISC, NCLIS, NISO, PA, STM, UKSG


152 member organisationsCode of Practice Jnls & Dbs Rel 1

Over 30 vendors compliant (in part)Developing Auditing standards & processesXML DTD for Usage Reports developedRelease 2 consultation – due early 2005

Code of Practice eBooks & eReference


Electronic Resouces Management - ERM

Basic ERM Data ElementsDescriptive: Title fields, holdings, publisher, and ISSNLicensing: Authorized users, archiving rights, and cancellation allowances Financial: Price and inflation rate Administrative & Support: Administrative password and vendor contact information.Access: Authorization method and local access URIUsage or Evaluative: Number of full-text article downloads and number of searches


An E-Resources Management System: the vision

“ A system that supports management of the information and workflows necessary to efficiently select, evaluate, acquire, maintain, renew/cancel and provide informed access to e-resources in accordance with their business and license terms”

- Ivy Anderson, Robin Wendler (Harvard University Library) and Ellen Duranceau (MIT Libraries)


DLF ERMI entity-relationship model!

http://www.library.cornell.edu/cts/elicensestudy/home.html


Standards

Statistics collection/harvesting. (SUSHI) (http://www.library.cornell.edu/cts/elicensestudy/ermi2/sushi/ )

License Expression Work Group (NISO + EDItEUR + DLF/ERMI) – working to deliver licenses in XML format

SOAP & XML – tools for integration

Standards and partnership between all players!


A view from the “front line”…

A Journey into E-Resource Administration Hell available from the Leeds eprint server http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/archive/00000084/01/Cole,_A_Journey.pdf Full citation: "A Journey into E-Resource Administration Hell / Louise Cole. //In: The Serials Librarian. - ISSN 0361-526X. - 49(2005)1/2; p. 141-154. The author discusses the administrative problems which can still occur when looking after a large and complex portfolio of electronic resources, and focuses on some of the recurring 'nightmares‘.


Thanks!

email: [email protected]

web: http://www.exlibrisgroup.com/

getting technical - linking uksg serials resource management for 21 st century getting technical -...

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