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PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SITE CH.ARACTERIZATION

ISC-2. Po110. Portugal. 19-22 September 2004

Geotechnical and Geophysical Site Characterization

EDITED BY

ANTONIO VIANA DA FONSECA

Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Portugal

PAUL W. M AYNE

School oj Civil & Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute ojTechnology, Atlanta, GA, USA

VOLUME l

M ILLPRESS ROTIERDAM NETHERLANDS 2004

Proceedings ISC-2 on Geotechnical and Geophysical Sile Characterization, Viana da Fonseca & Mayne (eds.) © 2004 Millpress, Rotterdam, ISBN 90 5966 009 9

Table of contents

Volume l Introduction

Reviewing Committee

Reference documents on in-situ testing

Acknowledgements

KEYNOTE LECTURES

XXI

XXIII

xxv XXVIII

The James K. Mitchell Lecture: "In situ soil testing: from mechanics to interpretation" 3 H-S. Yu

Characterization of granite and the underground construction in Metro do Porto, Portugal 39 S. Babendererde, E. Hoek, P. Marinos & A. Silva Cardoso

In-situ test characterization of unusual geomaterials 49 F. Schnaid, B.M. Lehane & M. Fahey

Routine and advanced analysis of mechanical in-si tu tests. 75 Results on saprolitic soils from granites more or less mixed in Portugal A. Gomes Correia, A. Viana da Fonseca & M. Gambin

The contributions of in situ geophysical measurements to solving geotechnical engineering problems 97 K.H. Stokoe Il, S-H. Joh & R.D. Woods

Deformation properties of fine-grained soils from se.ismic tests 133 K.R. Massarsch

Advanced calibration chambers for eone penetration testing in cohesionless soils 147 A-B. Huang & H-H. Hsu

ln-situ seismic survey in characterizing engineering properties of natural ground 167 S. Shibuya, S. Yamashita, Y. Watabe & D.C.F. Lo Presti

Characterization of the Venice lagoon silts from in-situ tests and the performance of a test embankment 187 P. Simonini

Characterization of soft sedirnents for offshore applications M. F. Randolph

Evaluating soilbquefaction and post-earthquake deformations using the CPT P.K. Robertson

209

233

VII

l. M F.CNANICAL IN-SITU TESTJNG Ml:.ì'HODS

Generai report: Mechanical in-siw testing methods M. Devincenzi. J.J.M. Powell & N. Cruz

Comparison between plate load test results and dilato.meter test results- Case study, Seymareh dam and Sazbon dam projects A. Agharazi & M. Moradi

lnftuencc of vane size and equipment on thc results of field vane tests H. Àhnberg, R. Larsson & C. Berglund

Detemùnation of in-situ deformation moduli with a penetrometer and static loading test H. Arbaoui, R. Gourvès, Ph. Bresso/erte & L. Bodé

Characterization of soft marine clay using the flat dilatometer A. Arulrajah, M. W. Bo & H. Nikraz

Estimating the SPT penetration resistance from rod penetration based on instrumentation E.H. Cavalcante, F.A.B. Danziger & B.R. Danziger

Characterization of SPT grain size effects io gravels C.R. Daniel, J .A. Howie, R. G. Campanella & A. Sy

253

265

27 1

279

287

293

299

Tntemational and European standards on geotecluùcal investigati an and testing for si te characterization 307 V. Eitner, R. Katzenbach & F. Stolben

CPTU si te characterization: offshore peninsular and East Malaysia experience 315 S.M. Fairuz, J. Rohani & T. Lunne

The repeatibility in results of Mackintosb Probe test 325 A. Fakher & M. Khodaparast

Application of the CPT to the characterization of a residua! clay si te 331 S.G. Firyus & L. Bates

Energy ratio measureroent of SPT equipment 339 D-S. Kim, W-S. Seo, E-S. Bang

CPT-DMT interrelationships in Piedmont residuum 345 P. W. Mayne & T. Liao

Energy measureroents for standard penetration tests and the effects of the length of rods. 351 E. Odebrecht, F. Schnaùi, M.M. Rocha & G.P. Bemardes

SPT-T: test procedure and applications 359 A.S.P. Peixoto, D. de Carvalho & H.L. Giacheti

Dynamic eone penetrometer to estimate subgrade resilient modulus for low volume roads design 367 A.M. Rahim & K.P. George

Soil profile interpretation based on similarity concept for CPTU data 373 F. Saboya Jr & D.l. G. Balbi

Centrifuge penetration tests in saturated layered sands 377 M.F. Silva & M.D. Bolton

Sampling by drilling and excavations and groundwater measurements according to 385 EN ISO 22475 for geotechnical investigations and si te characterization F. Stolben, V. Eitner & H. Hoffmann

Undrained shear strength and OCR of marine clays from piezocone test results 391 FA. Trevor & P. W. Mayne

Results of a comparative study on eone resistance measurements 399 V. Whenham, N. Huybrechts, M. De Vos, J. Maertens, G. Simon & G. VanA/boom

VIli © 2004 Millpress, Rotterdam, ISBN 90 5966 009 9

2. GEOPHYS!CAL METHODS APPLIED TO GF.OTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

Generai repo,t: Geophysical methods applied to geotechnical engineering 409 S. Fori & A.P. Butcher

ISC'2 experimental site investigation and characterization - Part 2: 419 from SH w a ves high resolution shallow reftection to shallower GPR tests F. .4/meida, H Hermosilha, J.M. Carvalho, A. Viana da Fonseca & R. Moura

Quantitative resistivity methods for marine and tluvial site investigations 427 P Brabers

fSC'2 experimental si te investigation - Part l: conventional and tomographic P and 433 S waves refraction seismics vs. electrical resistivity J.M. Carvalho, A. Vlana da Fonseca, F. Almeida & H. Hermosilha

The role of crosshole seismic tomography for site characterization and grout injection evaluation 443 on Carrno convent foundations M.J. Coelho, F.M. Salgado & L. Fialho Rodrigues

Geophysical characterization for seepage potential assessment along the embankments of the Po River 451 C. Comina, S. Foti, L. V. Socco & C. Strobbia

The use of multichannel analysìs of surface waves in determining G""'"' for soft clay 459 S. Donohue, M. Long, K. Gavin & P. O' Connor

The use of electrical resistivity for detection of Ieacheate plumes in waste di sposai sites 467 V.R. Elis, G. Mondelli, H.L. Giacheti, A.S.P. Peixoto & J. Hamada

Wavelets in surface wave cavity detection - theoretical background and implementation 475 N. Gucunski, P. Shokouhi & A. Maher

Investigation of bridge foundation sites in karst terrane via multi-electrode electrical resistivity 483 D.R. Hiltunen & M.J.S. Roth

Monitoring water saturation gradient in a silty sand site using geophysical techniques 491 E. Kalantarian. & D. Doser

Characterizing ground hazards induced by historic salt mining using ground-penetrating radar 497 B. Kulessa, A. Ruffell & D. Glynn

Hydrogeological characterization by electrical resistivity surveys in granitic terrains 505 A.S. Lima & A.C. V. Olive ira

Development of a TDR dielectric penetrometer 513 C-P. Lin, C-C. Chun.g & S-H. Tang

Joint acquisition of SWM and other seismic techniques in the ISC'2 experimental si te 521 l. Lopes, l. Moitinho, C. Strobbia, P. Teves-Costa, G.P. Deidda, M. Mendes & J.A. San.tos

Decomposed rock mass characterization with crosshole seisrnic tomography at the Herofsmo 531 station si te (Porto) M. Oliveira & M.J. Coelho

Shear velocity mode! appraisal in shallow surface w ave inversion 539 A. O'Neill

Full waveform refiectivity for inversion of surface wave dispersion in shallow site investigations 547 A. O'Neill

Offshore geosciences for coastal infrastructure 555 J. Peuchen & W.M. NeSmith

A framework for inversion of wavefield spectra in seisrnic non-destroctive testing of pavements 563 N. Ryden, P Ulriksen. & C.B. Park

Proceedings ISC'2 on Geotechnical and Geophysical Site Characterization, Viana da Fonseca & Mayne (eds.) IX

Gcoclcctrical resistivity imaging of domestic waste disposal sites: Malaysian case srudy 571 A.R. Samsudin, U. Hamzah & W Z. W Yaacob

The small strain stiffness of gold tailings 575 M. Theron, G. Heymann & C.R.I. Clayron

An assessment of heavy metal contaminarion using electromagnetic survey in the solid wastc 581 disposal site of Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil S. Tibana, L.A.C. Monteiro, E.L. dos Santos Junior & F.T de Almeida

Geotechnical si te characterization using surface w a ves, case smdies from Belgium and the Netherlands 585 V. van Hoegaerden, R.S. Wesrerhoff, J.H. Brouwer & M. C. van der Rijst

Geophysical methods and ideotification of embankment dam parameters O.K. Voronkov, A.A. Kagan, N.F. Krivonogova, V.B. Glagovsky & V.S. Prokopovich

Application of advanced geophysical technologies to landslides and unstable slopes R.J. Whireley

Resisrivity imaging as a tool in shallow si te investigation- a case study R. Wisén, T Dahlin & E. Auken

Evaluation of grouting effect with seism.ic tomography coosidering grouting mechanism Y. Yamaguchi & H. Satoh

3. INNOVATIVE TECHNOWGIES AND EQU!PMENT

593

601

607

615

Generai report: Innovative tecbnologies and equipment 625 M. Long & K.K. Phoon

The use of microtremors for soil and si te categorization in Thessaloniki cicy, Greece 635 P. Apostolidis, D. Raptakis, M. Manakou & K. Pitilakis

New de-coupled shear wave source for the SCPT test 643 L. Areias, W. Haegeman & W.F. Van lmpe

Comparing 360" televising of drill hole walls with core Jogging 647 R. T. Baillor, N. Barton, R. Abrahiio & A. Ribeiro Jr.

Developments of a full displacement pressuremeter for municipal solid waste site investigations 657 in Brazil L.A.L. Bello, T.M.P. de Campos, J.T Araruna & B.G. Clarke

Rock characterization using drilling parameters 665 J. Benoft, S.S. Sadkowski & W.A. Bothner

Penetration resistance in soft clay for different shaped penetrometers 671 S.F. Chung & M.F. Randolph

Evaluation of the undrained shear strength profile in soft layered clay using full -flow probes 679 J.T DeJong, N.J. Yafrate, D.l. DeGroot & J. Jakubowski

Rapid si te assessment with the electrical conductivity probe flexible approach for rapid and 687 deep si te investigation M.P. Harkes, E.E. van der Hoek & J.J. van Meerten

A framework for using textured friction sleeves at sites traclitionally problematic for CPT 693 G.L. Hebeler, J.D. Frost & J.D. Shinn Il

Thin layer and interface characterization by VisCPT 70 l R.D. Hryciw & S. Shin

Evaluation of shear wave velocity profile using SPT based uphole test 707 D-S. Kim, E-S. Bang, W-S. Seo

x © 2004 Mìllpress, Rotterdam, ISBN 90 5966 009 9

Suitability of using I wasaki' s P L in characterization of liquefaction damages during 713 the 1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake, Taiwan C.P. Kuo, M. Chang, S.H. Shau & R.E. Hsu

T-bar testing in Irish soils 719 M. Long & G.T. Gudjonsson

Site characterization and QA/QC of deep dynamic cornpaction using an instrurnented dilatorneter 727 H.J. Miller; K.P. Stetson & l. Benoft

Soil-rock sounding with MWD- a rnodem technique to investigate hard soils and rocks 733 B. Moller, U. Bergdahl & K. Elmgren

A new in-situ apparatus: the geomechameter 741 J. Monnet & S.M. Senouci

Pem1eability of sand sedirnent soil determined by the pressure infiltrometer test 749 T. Morii, Y. Takeshita & M. Inoue

Adapted T-bar penetrorneter versus CPT to de termine undrained shear strengths of Dutch soft soils 7 57 O. Oung, J. W: G. Van der Vegt, L. Tiggelman & H.E. Brassinga

Development of seismie site eharaeterization method using harmonie wavelet analysis of wave 767 (HWAW) method H-C. Park & D-S. Kim

Use of dilatometer and dual dilatometer test for soft soils and peats 775 P.P. Rahardjo, Y. Halim & L. Sentosa

Field evaluation of the LCPC in-situ triaxial test 783 P h. Reif!steck

CPTWD (Cone Penetration Test While Drilling) a new method for deep geoteehnieal surveys 787 M. Sacchetto, A. Trevisan, K. Elmgren & K. Melander

Enhaneed access penetration system: a direct push system for diffieult site eonditions 795 JD. Shinn Il & J. W: Haas Il/

Use of a radioisotope eone to eharaeterize a lumpy fili 801 T.S. Tan, M. Karthikeyan, K.K. Phoon, G.R. Dasari & M. Mimura

Development of a earrier tool fora multi-method investigation of brownfield sites 809 P. Wotschke & S. Friedel

4_ NEW DEVEWPMENTS IN INTERPRETATION OF JN-SITU DATA

Genera! report: New developments in the interpretation of in-situ test data 819 B. Lehane & M. Fahey

Discussion report: Benefit of new developments in interpretation of in-situ data 825 J. Peuchen

Calibration ehamber size and boundary effeets for CPT q, measurements 829 M.M. Ahmadi & P.K. Robertson

State--spaee seismie eone minirnum variance deconvolution 835 E.J. Baziw

The effects of vibration on the penetration resistanee and pore water pressure in sands 843 J. Bonita, J.K. Mitchell & T.L. Brandon

ln-situ testing and foundation engineering: recent contributions 853 J-L. Briaud

Proceedings ISC'2 o n Geotechnical and Geophysical Site Characterization, Viana da Fonseca & Mayne (ed s.) Xl

Disturbance effccts of lì e l d vane tests in a varved cl a y A.B. Cerato & A.J. Lwenegger

Assessment of cyclic stabìlity of cohesive deposits u:sing eone penetration R. Debasis

High resolution stratigraphic and sedimentological analysis ofLlobregat delta nearby Barcelona frorn CPT & CPTU tests M.J. Devincen.zi, S. Colàs, J.L. Casamot; M. Canals. O. Falivene & P. Busquets

86 1

869

877

Fractal analysis of CPT data 885 J.A. Diaz-Rodriguez & P. Moreno-Carrizales

Neural networks in soil characterization 889 W. Ding & .!.Q. Slumg

Cylindrical cavity expansìon modeling for interpretation of eone penetration tests 897 F. Elmi & J.L. Fa v re

Stratigraphic profìling by cluster analysis and fuzzy soil classification from mechanìcal eone 905 penetratìon tests ./. Facciorusso & M. Uzielli

Si te variability, risk, and beta 913 R.A. Failmezger, P.l. Bullock & R.L. Handy

A case study using in-situ testing to develop soil parameters for fmite-element analyses 921 E. Farouz, 1-Y. Chen & R.A. Failmezger

Using a non linear constitutive law to compare Menard PMT and PLT E-moduli 927 A. Gomes Correia, A. Antiio & M. Gambin

Computational and physical basis for dynamic characterization using Love waves 935 B.B. Guzina, A./. Madyarov & R.H. Osburn

Effect of ageìng on shear wave velocity by seismic eone 943 J.A. Howie & A. Amini

Dissipation test evaluation with a point-symmetrical consolidation mode! 951 E. lmre & P. R6zsa

Feasibility of neural network application for deterrnination of undrained shear strength of clay 957 from piezocone measurements Y-S. Kim

Measurement of in-situ deformability in hard rock 963 D. Labrie, B. Conlon, T. Anderson & R.F. Boyle

Estimation of shear strength increase beneath embankments by seismic cross-ho le tomography 971 R. Larsson & H. Mattson

Statistica! evaluation of the dependence of the liquidity index and undrained shear strength of 979 CPTU parameters in cohesive soils J. Liszkowski, M. Tschuschke, Z. Mlyn.arek & W. Tschuschke

CPTU - replication test in post tlotation sediments 987 Z. Mlynarek, W. Tschuschke & T. Lunne

Evaluation of the coefficient of subgrade reaction for design of multipropped diaphragm waiJs 993 from DMT moduli P. Monaco & S. Marchetti

Evaluation of SCPTU intra-correlations at sand sites in the Lower Mississipi River Valley, USA 1003 J.A. Schneider, A. V. McGillivray & P. W. Mayne

Xli © 2004 Millpress, Rotterdam, ISBN 90 5966 009 9

-Risk assessment for comaminated tropical soil A.C. S11·ava Corréa & N. Moreira de Souza

An examination of the engineering properties and the eone factor of soils from East Asia M. Tanaka & H. 1èmaka

The regional information system 'Databank Ondergrond Vlaandercn- DOV' l. Ver,qauwen, P. De Schrijver & G. Wm Alboom

/NDICES

Keyword index

Author index

101 1

1019

1025

Proceedings ISC'2 on Geotechnical and Geophysical Site Characterization, Viana da Fonseca & Mayne (eds.) Xlii