Surface Logging Servicesto reduce drilling time and costs

to improve rig safety

to characterize reservoirs

Copyright by Geolog International (Feb 2014)

IndexList of contents

Company Overview

Client References

HSE & Quality

Products & Services

Drilling and Rig Safety

Reservoir Evaluation

Geochemical

Real Time Data Transmission

Training Courses

Geolog in the world

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• To help our clients make quantified, informed, substantial improvements

in their drilling efficiency, hydrocarbon detection and reservoir characterization.

• To constantly build a leading edge service company that attracts, develops and retains exceptional people.

• To respect and improve the highest safety and environmental standards

whilst actively participating in the

development and know-how of the countries in which we operate.

Mission StatementOur Mission

3

Geolog International B.V. (“GEOLOG”) is a leading global oil-

field services company that provides surface logging services

to a substantial and diversified client base. Founded in 1982 in

Milan, Italy, the firm is headquartered in Amsterdam, The Ne-

therlands and maintains offices in most major oil producing

countries. GEOLOG operates at the forefront of technology

and its services are centered on the optimization of the ove-

rall drilling times and costs of each well and the acquisition of

quality data for formation characterization.

GEOLOG services national and international oil companies

and integrated service providers, both onshore and offsho-

re across more than 45 countries and is presently involved

in exploration, development, deep offshore, HP/HT wells

and unconventional (shale) reservoirs. GEOLOG´s significant

growth since its inception over 30 years ago is to be attribu-

ted, amongst others, to its technological leadership in surface

logging and its strong focus on proprietary research and de-

velopment. As such, GEOLOG invests heavily in R&D (up to 5%

of annual turnover) with a target to produce a new patent, on

average, every two years. In line with its strategy to be the lea-

ding global supplier of choice for highly technological surface

logging services to the oil and gas industry, GEOLOG focuses

on those markets where its leadership in highly complex dri-

lling projects is required, and recognized. These typically in-

clude deep-water, deep-onshore and horizontal drilling with

extended reach as well as compartmental reservoir. In parti-

cular, GEOLOG is now a world leader in gas detection and gas

extraction from drilling mud thanks to its advanced constant

volume and temperature degasser and DualFidTM chromato-

graph technology.

GEOLOG´s products and services are centered on 3 key indus-

try requirements:

• To reduce overall drilling time and costs

• To improve rig safety

• To characterize reservoirs

GEOLOG is the largest independent international surface lo-

gging company in the world and presents itself as the only

solution to clients seeking an independent surface logging

company versus one of the fully integrated service providers.

GEOLOG’s surface logging services provide data which is cri-

tical for the drilling, geology and reservoir groups of clients.

GEOLOG delivers services which include the monitoring of (i)

geological data obtained by physical evaluation of cuttings;

(ii) hydrocarbons data obtained from analysis of gases in

and out and (iii) surface drilling data (including mechanical,

hydraulic and engineering variables) obtained using seve-

ral high-end sensors and quasi real time enhanced analysis.

GEOLOG provides key information to evaluate the well in ter-

ms of hydrocarbons ratios, pressure balances, and relative po-

sitions of its lithological layers. GEOLOG’s services also provide

early warning on dangers to ensure well safety and to prevent

formation damages for optimum data acquisition and field

productivity.

Company OverviewThe leading independent surface logging company

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GEOLOG was founded in Italy in 1982 to provide mud logging

services to AGIP on geothermal, oil and gas wells. From its

early years, GEOLOG´s strong technological and R&D culture

led to the development of a number of innovative solutions

and highly technological patents in the mud logging arena.

The Italian crisis of 1994, during which the Company moved

abroad, opening bases in Tunisia, Congo and Venezuela, ser-

vicing AGIP’s international operations, acted as a catalyst for

the Company’s international expansion. Current management

acquired the Company in 2001 and has been able to develop

its innovative solutions and technological patents into com-

mercial products and services, thereby significantlyg growing

the customer base across not only International Oil Compa-

nies but also to National Oil Companies worldwide. Whilst

retaining its R&D and production facilities in Milan, Italy, in

2009 the Company reorganized its corporate structure under

GEOLOG International BV, based in Amsterdam.

Under current management, GEOLOG has consistently grown

at double digit rates purely organically, expanding its opera-

tions from its established footholds in North and West Africa

and Central America and by opening new bases in the Middle

and Far East, South America, the North Sea and Australasia.

Today, GEOLOG remains privately owned and has grown to

become the largest international independent mud logging

company in the world.

Company HistoryThree decades of field experience

Client References

National Oil Companies:

International Oil Companies

Integrated Service Providers

Onshore

• Exploration Wells

• Development Wells

• Geothermal Wells

• Unconventional (Shale) Reservoirs

• Extended Reach Drilling

Offshore

• Exploration Wells

• Development Wells

• Extended Reach Drilling

• Narrow Mud Weight Window

• Wells Drilled Under Balanced

Deep & Ultra-Deep Water Wells

(Up to 2,600 Meters Water Depth)

• Angola

• Australia

• Ghana

• Italy

• Malaysia

• Mauritania

• Mozambique

• Namibia

• Sri Lanka

• Tanzania

• Timor Leste

• Togo

• Turkey

• Trinidad

• Venezuela

HP / HT Wells

• Argentina

• Austria

• Brazil

• Ghana

• Italy

• Kuwait

Extreme Weather

• North Africa: + 55 °C

• Russia: -50 °C

• Mexico

• Mozambique

• Netherlands

• Romania

• Sri Lanka

• Turkey

PERTAMINA

VICO Indonesia

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HSE CAPABILITIESOur vision at GEOLOG is to make measurable improvements in the health, safety and environmental (“HSE”) aspects of our ser-

vices and operations and to do so continually. As such, GEOLOG’s HSE requirements are:

Top Management is fully committed to HSE issues through constant personal involvement i.e. Review meetings, Au-

dits, provision/assignment of Training, amongst others. Furthermore, GEOLOG corporate HSE policy statement is issued

directly by the President of the Company, Mr. Antonio Calleri. Given the importance of HSE in GEOLOG operations its

structure has been growing with the increase of GEOLOG presence worldwide: from field staff to base personnel, with

direct reporting lines into the central HSE team.

To comply with ISO &OHSAS standards, GEOLOG constantly monitors and evaluates if the HSE requirements are being met. For

this the following items are monitored and reported to Top Management monthly: Man-hours worked, number of Lost Time In-

cidents[1] (LTI), LTI Frequency rate[2], LTI Gravity rate[3], and Environmental Spills. In 2012, GEOLOG had nearly 2 million man-hours

worked, 1 LTI, a LTI Frequency rate of 0.56, a LTI Gravity Rate of 0.006 and zero Environmental Spills.

HSE & QualityHealth, safety and environment are fundamental to everything we do

Since 2010 GEOLOG has been certified in ISO 14001:2004 for Environmental Management

System and OHSAS 18001:2007 for Occupational Health and Safety Management System

by Det Norske Veritas (DNV), both for office and rig site activities. This demonstrates that

GEOLOG operations are managed efficiently and responsibly, providing reliable services

to its clients, free of downtime associated with QHSE matters.

Some of the major benefits of having a unique integrated certified system worldwide are:

• To provide more effective operational service to our clients

• To provide more efficient support to our rig site operations

• To have standardized planning and procedures worldwide, enabling GEOLOG to work at

the highest standards available on the market

• To have an integrated system that encompasses both office and rig site personnel par-

ticipation

• To have an active system for continuous improvement

QUALITY CAPABILITIESGEOLOG Quality Management system is certified in ISO 9001:2008 by Det Norske Veritas

(DNV). This allows GEOLOG to integrate with its certificates in ISO 14001:2004 and OHSAS

18001:2007, all with DNV. This integration between the three standards helps GEOLOG to

have a fully operational QHSE Management system with the objective of achieving exce-

llence in QHSE performance. To ensure the QHSE Management system is in place in the

certified bases, GEOLOG has trained several of its employees as internal auditors in the ISO

& OHSAS standards, in which GEOLOG is certified.

Apart from the ISO &OHSAS certificates, GEOLOG is also registered in both Achilles and

the 1st Point databases (FPAL), helping reduce the risks in its supply chain and serving as

further confirmation of GEOLOG’s internal processes, QHSE and corporate responsibility.

No personal injuries No accidents No environmental damages

[1] A Lost Time Incident (LTI) is a work-related incident, injury or illness to an employee in which a physician or licensed health care professional recommends day(s) away from work

due to the incident.[2] The Lost Time Incident Frequency rate (LTIFR) is measured as the number of Lost time incidents per million hours worked in the period analyzed. [3] The Lost Time Incident Gravity Rate (LTIGR) is the number of cumulative lost work days (resulted from a LTI) multiplied by 1 thousand divided by the cumulative man hours worked.

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1: Businesses should support and respect the protection of internationally proclaimed human rights; and

2: Make sure that they are not complicit in human rights abuses.  

3: Businesses should uphold the freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining;

4: The elimination of all forms of forced and compulsory labour;

5: The effective abolition of child labour; and

6: The elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation. 

7: Businesses should support a precautionary approach to environmental challenges;

8: Undertake initiatives to promote greater environmental responsibility; and

9: Encourage the development and diffusion of environmentally friendly technologies.   

10: Businesses should work against corruption in all its forms, including extortion and bribery. 

GEOLOG publishes its annual COP (Communication on Progress) report in May of each year. The latest copy of which is

available on GEOLOG´s as well as the UNGC´s website.

CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITYGEOLOG takes its corporate social responsibilities seriously and is committed to advancing its policies

and systems to ensure it addresses and monitors all aspects of social responsibility that are relevant

to its business. For these reasons GEOLOG is an active member of the United Nations Global Compact

(UNGC) - a strategic policy initiative for businesses that are committed to aligning their operations and

strategies with ten universally accepted principles in the areas of human rights, labor, environment and

anti-corruption, as detailed here:

• Management review

• Recommendations

• Audits

• Records

• Incident investigation

and analysis

• Training awareness and

competence

• Document Control

• Emergency planning

• Operational control

Maintaining outstanding QHSE Performance that follows the ISO & OHSAS standards is a core value of GEOLOG. Our successful

QHSE performance has been made possible through the leadership and teamwork of all employees and all Managers. GEOLOG’s

QHSE Standards are based on the continual improvement of the QHSE Management system:

Satisfy customers with superior quality, value and services

IRE

VEW

IMPLEM

ENT

ContinualImprovement

PLAN

VERIFY

PLAN

VERIFY

IMPLEMENT

REVIEW

• QHSE goals and objective

• Field risk analysis

• Client requirements

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Products & Services

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Real Time DRILLING and RIG SAFETY Services

• GeoEK · Real Time Early Kick & Mud Loss Detection

• GeoCVM · Real Time Measurement of Borehole Cleaning & Stability

• Gas Geosteering · Piloting of Horizontal Wells using Gas Chromatographs & Ratios

• SDC · String Dynamic Control - Real Time Stick & Slip Detection

• Hazardous Gas Detection and Alarms · Real Time Detection on Site

• Real Time Hydraulics · Surge & Swab and Kick Control

• FlowGuardianTM · Near Balance and Narrow Margin Drilling

• Wash Out Detection · Twist Off Prevention

• GeoGradientTM · Pore Pressure Prediction & Analysis

• Workbench · Analyzing well drilling and operational parameters in Near-Real time

Real Time RESERVOIR EVALUATION Services

• GeoGWD · Reservoir Evaluation & Characterization using Gas Data

• GeoRES · Real Time Fractured Reservoir Evaluation

• Real Time Gas Interpretation

• Quantitative Gas Detection · In deepwater with heated, advanced gas extraction system

• DualFIDTM Star · Field Evaluation of OWC and Formation Fluids Changes

• GeoFLUID · Mass Spectrometry - Formation Fluid Evaluation

• GeoISOTOPES · Detection and Analysis of Stable Isotopes of Carbon in Hydrocarbon Gases

Near Real Time GEOCHEMICAL Analysis at Rigsite

• XRD & XRF · X-ray Diffraction Analysis / X-ray Fluorescence Analysis

• TOC / Pyrolysis · Total Organic Carbon and Pyrolysis Analyzer

• Unconventional · Surface logging for shale gas

Real Time TRANSMISSION of Data

• GeoWITSML · Data Gathering & Sharing via Advanced WITSML Protocol

• Wellcoms · Well Data, Logs & Reports Available Anytime Anywhere

Customised TRAINING in Areas of Expertise

• Mud Logging & Gas Interpretation

• Reservoir Characterization

• Rig Safety

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GeoEKReal Time Early Kick & Mud Loss Detection

Immediately detects Kicks at a very early stage, via an accurate Real Time measurement of the difference between the mud flow Out and the mud flow In ( flow), in both water base and oil base mud systems

EQUIPMENT for EARLY KICK & LOSS DETECTION

GeoEK utilizes Electromagnetic Flowmeters to accurately measure the flow in water base mud, and the Coriolis Mass Flow-

meters for water and oil base muds

User Friendly screen:

The Driller, Company Man and Toolpusher do

NOT need to spend time looking at the various

curves as the display gives automatically:

• The amount of fluid gained or lost

• The time from the start of the gain or loss

EARLY KICK & LOSS DETECTION EXAMPLES

10” Coriolis Mass FlowmeterUp to 3,500 liters/minuteResolution> 5 liters/minuteWater Base and Oil Base Mud

Kick was detected very early: 0.16 m3 = 1 bbl

Electromagnetic FlowmeterResolution> 10 liters/minuteWater Base Mud

35s TIME INTERVAL

GAINS IN 35s TIME INTERVAL

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BONUS

Whenever the Electromagnetic Flowmeter or the Coriolis Mass Flowmeter is installed on the rig for Early Kick Detection the

system can also detect opened fractures and provide valuable Reservoir information to the Oil Company.

Early Kick detection prevents blowouts

Early Kick detection Accurate detection of a Loss: 0.18 m3 in 95 seconds

High-Resolution Coriolis Flowmeter reveals swabbing and prevents kick (Flow Paddle unable to detect flow)

95 s TIME INTERVAL

LOSSES IN 95 s. 0.18 m3

TIME 1,114 seconds

TIME INTERVAL BEFORE CLOSING THE

WELL 8 minutes

TOTAL KICK 1.54 m3

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GeoCVMReal Time Measurement of Borehole Cleaning & Stability

For the first time Mud Logging accurately measures the volume of the cuttings coming out of the hole

EQUIPMENT and PERSONNEL

• One tray is positioned in front of each shale shaker to measure the weight of the cuttings and to calculate the hole volume

• No modification to the rig

• One Specialist is added to the crew

Onshore Offshore

APPLICATIONS

• To optimize the drilling efficiency

• To measure, in real time, the volume of cuttings coming out

of the hole

• To detect, in real time, borehole stability problems (caving)

• To detect, in real time, borehole cleaning problems

• To see, in real time, whether the actions taken to correct bo-

rehole stability and hole cleaning problems are effective

• To safely drill horizontal wells and extended reach wells by

controlling at all times the status of the hole cleaning

• To modify drilling program and or procedures to improve

efficiency

• To assess cement volume needed when no caliper log is run

before a cement job

OPTIONAL

Secure real time data transmission via Internet using

Wellcoms.

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Drilling from 6,900 ft to 7,130 ftDuring drilling in sliding mode the amount of cutting recovered in surface is less than expected, however the volume of cuttings retrieved during rotary mode makes up in terms of total cutting recovery, ensuring a proper cleaning of the borehole.

ROTARY

SLIDING The cutting volume analysis system is capable of identif-ying primary and secondary hole damage and therefore the drilling team can understand whether reaming/bac-kreaming is needed or it is instead potentially damaging the formation further. Reference: CUTTING WEIGHT SENSORS TO IMPROVE DRI-LLING EFFICIENCY: FIELD RESULTS ONSHORE SOUTH ITALYby ENI and GEOLOG, presented at the 2004 IADC World Drilling Conference

Technical Paper Reference: Cutting Weight Sensors to Improve Drilling Efficiency: Field Results Onshore South Italy (IADC World Drilling Conference, Dubrovnik July 2004)

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Gas GeosteeringPiloting of Horizontal Wells using Gas Chromatographs & Ratios

GEOLOG offers advanced gas chain for complex or critical reservoirs

EQUIPMENT GEOLOG offers more advanced gas chain for complex or critical reservoirs.

CVD (Constant Volume Degasser)

DUAL FIDTM Chromatograph

METHODOLOGY

• Each reservoir is characterised by its hydrocarbon components and the ratio between

the various components

• The first step is to record the hydrocarbon components of the reservoir(s) drilled in a

vertical section of the well - pilot hole

• The horizontal section is drilled controlling that the gas ratio remains constant

• Analysis of hydrocarbons from C1 to C5 in 45 seconds

• Complete separation with return to baseline for both C1 and C2 thanks

to double chromatographic and FID detector system

• Saturation limits: C1: 100% - C2: 100% - C3:15%

• Resolution 1 ppm

• Accuracy: +/- 1% of value

ADVANCED GAS CHAIN

SPE-163368-MSInnovative In-house Geosteering Utilizes Gas-While Drilling Data for Deep Jurassic high Angle Well PlacementAdnan Al Shamali, Dr. Naveen K. Verma, Bhawesh Chandra Jha, Javad Estarabadi and Waleed Al-Khamees

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REMARK - PILOTING THE HORIZONTAL DRAIN IN ONE LAYER OF A MULTIPLE LAYER´S RESERVOIR

CHALLENGES

• The horizontal section had to be drilled in layers 3&4 with an

average thickness of 10 feet only

• The layers 3&4 are not horizontal

• Long section of 5312 feet

EQUIPMENT

• CVD Constant Volume Degasser

• DUALFIDTM Chromatograph

• Real Time Gas Quality Control

• Recording and displaying the Pixler gas ratio, Wetness / Ba-

lance and Character ratios

In this horizontal well Wh and Bh ratios enable clear identification of the layer in which the bit is placed.

Wetness (Wh) and Balance (Bh) ratios in Geosteering

Wetness / Balance / Character over 300 feet of 10 feet thick drainsection - PERFECTLY CONSTANT

FIELD EXAMPLE

GAS GEOSTEERING IN ONE LAYER OF MULTILAYERED RESERVOIR

LAYER 2

LAYER 3

LAYER 4

LAYER 5

LAYER 2

LAYER 3

LAYER 4

LAYER 5

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SDC · String Dynamic ControlReal Time Stick & Slip Detection

To detect stick & slip situations, to graphically display the information to the Driller to take corrective actions and to see the results of the corrective actions

EQUIPMENT

• RPM

• Torque

• WOH (Weight on Hook)

• SPP (Stand Pipe Pressure)

50 Hertz

PROCESSING VISUALIZATION DISPLAY

REMARKGEOLOG detects and visualizes the Stick & Slip occurrences. The Driller can then decide which drilling parameters must be changed to optimize the operations.

BENEFITSEarly detection of stick & slip prevents the following problems:

• Poor ROP

• Down hole back-off. Severe stick & slip can cause the pipes to unscrew downhole causing fishing jobs

• Twist off of down hole assembly leading to fishing

• Getting stuck

OPTIONALSecure real time data transmission via Internet using Wellcoms.

STANDARD SENSORS HIGH SPEEDDATA ACQUISITION

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Hazardous Gas Detection and AlarmsReal Time Detection on Site

EQUIPMENT

GEOLOG SPECIFIC FEATURES

• The standard Mud Logging Data Acquisition System can manage a large amount of safety sensors and external alarms.

• The standard Mud Logging unit can provide the full H2S detection and monitoring service whenever a specific H2S service is

required. The H2S service contractor provides only the H2S safety equipment and training to the rig personnel.

OPTIONAL SERVICE: WEATHER STATIONGEOLOG can provide a full weather station when drilling in populated areas, and the Authorities require additional safety measures.The weather station data can also be transmitted in real time via the GEOLOG internet secured Wellcoms data transmission to the Authorities or the to the Company Safety Officer

OPTIONAL SERVICE: RIG INCLINOMETERGEOLOG can provide and install an inclinometer on the mast, to ensure any potential rig collapse or structural /foundation pro-blem is monitored closely and recognized in its early stages.

H2S SENSORRange 0-50 ppmResolution 1 ppm

LEL SENSOR ExplosivityRange 0-100 %Resolution 1 %

S02 SENSORRange 0-20 ppmResolution 1 ppm

C02 SENSORRange 0-30% volumeResolution 0,05% volume

EXTERNAL ALARMSSirens (up to 3 tones)Lights (up to 3)

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Real Time Hydraulics Surge & Swab and Kick Control

GEOLOG’s hydraulic software is TRUSTED and RELIED UPON by drillers around the world.

GEOLOG offers Hydraulic analysis, Surge & Swab, Kick Control service in Real Time to assist the driller in optimizing drilling efficiency and improve safety.

EQUIPMENT • Hydraulic analysis, Surge & Swab, Kick Control engineering Programs are part of the Standard Data Acquisition software

• They are available at ALL times on the Company Man workstation, the Toolpusher workstation and to the Driller on the Eexd

Rig Floor Monitor

Real Time HYDRAULICS – Pressure Losses Screen Display

• Real Time computation of

Pressure losses in the BHA

ECD (Equivalent Circulating Density)

• The Driller knows at any time

Pore gradient, fracture gradient and ECD

Safety margin (ECD versus pore /gradient pressures)

• Report available to Driller at any time

• The Driller or Company Man can do a simulation at any time: what if the nozzles or the mud weight or the mud properties are

changed

• The software uses three rheological models (Bingham, Power Law and Herschel & Bulkley)

• It gives the Driller the tool to optimize bit hydraulics

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Real time SURGE & SWAB – Screen display

• Real time computation of

Pressure losses in the BHA

ECD Equivalent Circulating Density

Safe POH pipe velocity

Safe RIH pipe velocity

• The Driller knows at any time

Pore gradient and fracture gradient

ECD

Safety margin (ECD versus pore / gradient

pressures)

Safe POH and RIH pipe velocity to avoid sur-

ge/swab

• Report available to Driller at any time

• The Driller can do a simulation, at any time he

wants

Real Time KICK CONTROL allows in case of a

kick the immediate computation of:

• The formation pore pressure

• The fluid influx height in the string

• The nature of the fluid influx

• The new mud density needed to kill the kick

• The amount of barite needed

• The circulating pressures and the time needed

to prevent any further fluid entry

to safely circulate the fuid influx out of the

annulus with real time monitoring

to replace the contaminated mud by a new

mud

Additional Real Time KICK CONTROL features

• Performs an automatic data verticalization

• Allows an automatic compilation of the pre-kick data sheet

• Uses the “Wait & Weight” and/or the Drillers methods

• Allows the monitoring of the kill procedure in real time

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FlowGuardianTM

Near Balance and Narrow Margin Drilling

APPLICATIONS

• Near Balance Drilling: To drill with a very low differential pressure between the pore pressure and the equivalent mud weight.

Ideal to maximize information gathered and/or prevent formation damage in depleted reservoirs.

• Narrow margin wells: To drill wells where the margin between maximum pore pressure and minimum fracture pressure in the

same section is very narrow:

A slight increase in the mud weight and losses occur

A slight decrease in the mud weight and the well flows

EQUIPMENT & SYSTEMS

• Option 1: To install an electromagnetic flowmeter or a Coriolis mass flowmeter for advanced detection (see GeoEK - Real Time

Early Kick and Loss Detection)

• Option 2: A software package to model the mud pit volume increase or decrease at each pipe connection using GEOLOG´s

FlowGuardianTM software

METHOD

• To display versus time the change (delta) in surface mud volume when the pumps stop/start to obtain trends

• Any deviation during a pipe connection from the displayed envelopes indicates a possible Kick or mud loss

• This anomalous flow indication can come less than 30 seconds from the onset of a Kick

Typical example of narrow margin drilling going quickly from a small loss of 5 Bbls to a gain of 20 Bbls

Influx detected with the FlowGuardian after 40 seconds

TRENDS

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Wash Out DetectionTwist Off Prevention

To detect wash outs in real time, prevent breaking of down hole assembly and prevent expensive fishing jobs and lost times

EQUIPMENT for WASH OUT DETECTION

• High resolution Flow Meter IN along with SPP Stand Pressure Sensor enables a prompt detection of wash out events avoiding

twist off occurrences

• The main problem facing the Mud Logging Contractor is credibility. Too often the Company Man does NOT believe the

Data Engineer on the crew and we witness fishing jobs which should never have occurred

FIELD EXAMPLES

In case of Stand Pipe Pressure drop a DIRECT MEASUREMENT of the PUMP FLOW IN enables immediate distinction of a washout from a pump problem

Client saving in the best scenario: 1 day of fishing (order of magnitude - 100K $ )In the worst case: 1-2 days of fishing - cut pipe - sidetrack well (order of magnitude - milions $)

Wash Out detected BHA Pulled Out - No fishing job Wash Out detected Offshore BHA Pulled Out No fishing job

Wash Out detected No action takenTwist-offFishing at 6,000 m

C Connection

81/2 “ DC7” crack

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GeoGradientTM

Pore Pressure Prediction & Analysis

GEOLOG offers two types of overpressure detection: • Real time “d” Exponent • GeoGradientTM

REAL TIME “d” EXPONENT

GEOLOG is the only Mud Logging Contractor offering the real time “d” Exponent in its standard mud logging service package.

The Data Processing is done continuously, and the “d” Exponent display is available at any time to rig users and to the client in

town via real time data transmission (Wellcoms).

GEOGRADIENTTM PACKAGE – PRESSURE ANALYSIS and PREDICTION

The GeoGradient service consists of:

• The GeoGradient software developed in house by GEOLOG

• A dedicated Specialist

Screen Display

· Real Time “d” Exponent analysis while drilling· Continuous & immediate calculation of the formation (pore) gradient· Continuous & immediate calculation of the fracture gradient· Immediate recognition of a change of formation and pore pressure gradient

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PRE-DRILL ANALYSIS (PREDICTION)

It is performed during the planning phase of the well, collecting Regional data and offset data from other wells.

Data collected for Pre-Drill analysis typically

includes:

• Normal Hydrostatic Gradient: Regional.

• Formation Densities: Regional or Synthetic

• Geostatic (Overburden) Gradient: Regional or Synthetic

• Normalized ROP: Only from Mug Logging Unit, “d” Exponent, SigmaLog

• Normal Compaction Trend: on Normalized ROP. Seismic velocity

• Formation Pressure (Overpressure): from Normalized ROP & Compaction Trend

• Calculation of Fracture Gradient: from em-pirical Eaton formulae, using the Matrix Stress Coefficient

• Use of Porosity log (sonic, resistivity): to control & validate the previous results

• Geo-mechanical model

• Formation pressure trend

• Well design

• Casing program

• Mud program

GeoGradientTM processes the raw data torecognize trends

GeoGradientTM uses raw data like“d” Exponent as an input

From trends the pressure log is produced

NCT applied to raw “d” Exponent shows overpressure

GeoGradientTM

NCT TREND

PORE OVERPRESSUREGRADIENT IN

EQUIVALENT KG/L

OVERPRESSURE

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WorkbenchAnalyzing well drilling and operational parameters in Near-Real time

WorkBench utilizes high-resolution, high-quality data from the mudlogging database to generate data analysis and CLEAR and synthetic reports vs Time and vs Depth or a combination of both

This information is 300 times more precise than the IADC report – (the IADC time segment resolution is 30 minutes, the Work-

bench resolution is 5 seconds).

Geolog is able through its specialists to support its client in making the most of the well data in terms of:

• Drilling Efficiency

• Reduction of drilling time and costs (Key Performances Indicators analysis)

• Statistical analysis of drilling parameters

• Operational time distribution and optimization

• Reservoir characterization

The Workbench specialist provides series of predefined reports which are completely customizable on Client request (daily, by

bit run, by phase, by well), utilizing a proprietary software platform with specific tools to work with various datasets

Accurate and Automated Operations time analysis based on the mud log-ging database.

Operational and perfor-mance comparison be-tween different rig crews

Identification of ”invisible NPT”

Drilling Parameters

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Mud Gas analysis on Well Targets.Characterization of formation fluids.Clear display of logs and crossplots.

Fluid signaturesMud gas ratios

All the diplays shown here have been developedwith our clients for their specific needs.

Drilling Parametrs optimization – identification of ideal WOB and RPM in function of Rate Of Penetration (ROP) and Mechanic Specific Energy (MSE)

Optimal MSE

Optimal ROPCrossplotsDrilling Parameters

Benchmarks

Benchmarking and monitoring of operational performance (in this case pipe connection procedures)

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GeoGWDReservoir Evaluation & Characterization using Gas Data

The GWDTM interpretation provides: • Formation tops • Formation fluid contents • Reservoir characterization

The GWDTM Gas While Drilling Interpretation has been developed by TOTAL and ENI, to provide an accurate and detailed reser-

voir evaluation using high quality gas data. GEOLOG utilizes it as its reference gas analysis technique.

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

CVD (Constant Volume Degasser)

DUALFIDTM Chromatograph

Gas IN-Gas OUT detection

ADVANCED GAS CHAIN for GWDTM

• Analysis of hydrocarbons from C1 to C5 in 45 seconds

• Complete separation with return to baseline for both

C1 and C2 whatever the C1/C2 ratio

• Saturation limits: C1: 100% - C2: 100% - C3-C5: 15%

• Resolution 1 ppm

• Accuracy: +/- 1% of value

GWD SPECIALIST

RE

SE

RV

OIR

Technical Paper Reference: SPE-163368-MS Innovative In-house Geosteering Utilizes

Gas-While-Drilling Data for Deep Jurassic High Angle Well Placement(IPCE, Kuwait October 2012)

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FORMATION TOPS AND FLUID CONTACTS IDENTIFICATION

RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION

RESERVOIR CONTACTS

Field A Reservoir 1

Field A Reservoir 3Field A Reservoir 4

Field A Reservoir 2

GeoGWD enables to differentiate the fluid charac-teristics of 4 different reservoirs in the same well

GeoGWD differentiates between the source rocks and the reservoirs oil signatures

Gas / Oil contact using the Wetness/ Balance / Character method

Geolog utilizes heavy gas data trends and ratios to support Formation Evaluation and to identify fluid contacts and as markers for formation tops

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GeoRESReal Time Fractured Reservoir Evaluation

GEOLOG has the equipment and expertise to provide, in Real Time at the Wellsite the evaluation of fractured reservoirs

The GeoRES evaluation includes:

• The real time detection and identification of open fractures

• The real time determination of the fractures fluids contents: water, oil & gas

• The near real time advanced interpretation of the reservoir fluids using the GWDTM – Gas While Drilling interpretation

EQUIPMENT for FRACTURE DETECTION

Electromagnetic Flowmeters to accurately measure the Δ flow in water based muds, and Coriolis Mass Flowmeters for water

or oil based muds.

OPENED FRACTURES DETECTION EXAMPLES

10” Coriolis Mass FlowmeterUp to 6,000 liters/minuteResolution > 5 liters/minutesWater Base and oil Base Mud

Electromagnetic FlowmeterResolution> 10 liters/minuteWater Base Mud

Fracture Permeability from Microlosses Analysis

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Example of the good correspondence between: Opened Fracture me-asured from mud losses and Fracture Imaging for a single conductive fracture intercepted by the well

EQUIPMENT TO EVALUATE THE FRACTURES FLUID CONTENTS GEOLOG’s advanced gas chain is designed to provide real time fracture evaluation

FOR RESERVOIR EVALUATION

For Reservoir Evaluation refer to the GeoGWDTM

Gas While Drilling section

OPTIONAL

Secure real time data transmission via internet using

Wellcoms.

CVD (Constant Volume Degasser)

DUALFIDTM Chromatograph

ADVANCED GAS CHAIN for GWDTM

• Analysis of hydrocarbons from C1 to C5 in 45 seconds

• Complete separation with return to baseline for both

C1 and C2 whatever the C1/C2 ratio

• Saturation limits: C1: 100% - C2: 100% - C3-C5: 15%

• Resolution 1 ppm

• Accuracy: +/- 5% of value

In a 3000 meters horizontal section in Italy, the ONLY reservoir information at the end of the well was the above

MUD FLOWMETER FOR MICROLOSSES ANALYSIS

OPEN FRACTURES GAS PEAKS FROM FRACTURES

Gas IN-Gas OUT detection

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Real Time Gas Interpretation

GEOLOG is the only Mud Logging contractor offering the real time Gas Data Quality Control and Gas Evaluation as a standard part of the mud logging service

The processing system continuously performs the gas computations and stores them in the Data Base.

The interpretation is accessible at any time on site (or in town when the Wellcoms real time transmission is installed on site)

The contents of the Data Base are delivered to the end-user with the final well report

Real time GAS QUALITY CONTROL

It is extremely important to control the quality of the gas

data before making any evaluation. To ensure gas quality

data a comparison is made between the Total Gas measu-

red by the Total Gas Detector and the Total Gas obtained

by recombining the gas elements from the Gas Chroma-

tograph. Good Quality data implies a ratio of the two Total

Gas data must be between 0.8 and 1.2 (the closer to 1.0

the better) as per ENI TOTAL GWDTM guide-lines.)

Real time gas evaluation using the Pixler Ratio Method

to get productive zones and fluid contents

Real time gas evaluation using the Character / Wetness

/ Balance method to get productive zones and fluid con-

tents

1 2

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Quantitative Gas Detection

Geolog’s CVD and Mud Heater system grants optimal gas extraction thanks to:

• Constant mud extraction (controlled extractor pump rate)

• Constant mud temperature (controlled heater temperature)

• Constant gas sample pressure (controlled gas distribution system flows and pressures)

• Elimination of Recycled Gas (with double Gas Extraction system IN and OUT) - ΔGas

• Measurement and Calculation of extraction efficiency

GEOLOG’s technology permits a quantitative hydrocarbon characterization - constant extraction condition on all well sections

enabling accurate quantity measurements.

Improve hydrocarbon heavy components extrac-tion, compulsory for deepwater & ultra-deep water wells

In deep water conditions, with a standard gas trap:

• Mud temperature is too low to extract gas

• The mud level changes, causing erratic degasser readings

• As a result reliable gas detection is not possible

ADDITIONAL ADVANTAGE

Using the same equipment also on the suction line, it is possible to accurately evaluate the recycled gas, given extraction will be

done at exactly the same conditions, thereby allowing for calculation of formation gas.

In deepwater with heated, advanced gas extraction system

CVD

MUD HEATER

HEATED SYSTEM ENABLES GAS ANALYSIS IN DEEPWATER Fully advanced extraction system enables to obtain fluid composition matching PVT

1000

100

10

1 C1/C2 C1/C3 C1/C4 C1/C5

Raw dataPVT data

Non Productive

Gas

Oil

Non Productive

4595 m

4595 com m

DST m

Quantitative gas dataDepth Log

Constant Volume heated extraction enables picking fluid contacts

CVD with Mud Heater – Hydrocarbon extraction example

Heated Extraction System

TOP OIL OWC

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Technical Paper Reference: Advanced Mud Gas Detection System improves Formation Fluid Characterization while drilling in Challenging Indonesia deepwater: a case history(IPA 36th Annual Convention & Exhibition, Jakarta May 2012)

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DualFidTM Star integrates GEOLOG’s advanced gas detection system measuring hydrocarbons from C6 to nC8

GEOLOG’s DualFidTM Star service identify formation fluid contacts (GOC, OWC) while drilling, thereby maximizing reservoir in-

formation in exploration wells and creating interpretative models for hydrocarbon fluids composition (fluid signature) for in-

tra-field correlations and reservoir prediction

DualFidTMStarField Evaluation of OWC and Formation Fluids Changes

ADVANTAGES

The DualFidTM Star adds to GEOLOG’s gas analysis package two powerful tools: aromatic gas behavior analysis and identification

of reservoir fluid signature. This is achieved with:

• Zero extra deck space required

• Accurate formation evaluation in near-real time

• Minimal supervision required

Gas IN-Gas OUT detection

DualFidTM Star:

• Analysis of hydrocarbons from nC6 to nC8 in 120-150 seconds

• Identification of all alkanes, naphtenes and aromatics

• Resolution 0.1 ppm

• Accuracy: +/- 1% of value

• Chromatography saved as file for detailed analysis.

• GeoFluid must be connected to an advanced gas extraction system which maintains constant pressure, temperature and volume of the sample.

• The system can run off an Gas OUT-Gas IN system to deliver Δgas data free of recycled gas.

• An extraction efficiency procedure enables to reach QUANTITATIVE gas analysis.

• A dedicated software (WorkbenchTM) supports the data analysis and interpretation.

EQUIPMENT

A rackmounted, dedicated heavy gases chromatograph (from Hexane to Toluene) integrating the DualFidTM traditional mud-

logging C1-C5 analysis.

METHOD

DualFidTM Star is a new approach to the analysis of heavy gases beyond C5 at rig site. It exploits the reliability and accuracy of

FID technology to obtain full and clear separation of heavy components.

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Technical Paper Reference: Improved Formation Evaluation While Drilling with a New Heavy Gas Detector

(SPWLA 53rd Annual Symposium, Cartagena June 2012)

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RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION

Identified unprognosed oil interval with heavy gas detector. The layer marked out in red gave way to heavy gases unlike any of the other nearby intervals. The layer was tested based on the heavy gas data and produced oil

Identification of Gas-OilContact and resolution of thin, productive sand stringers possible with DualFidTM Star

Ternary diagrams amongst the heavy components of the hydrocarbon fluid enable the quick recognition of separate zones within the reservoir

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GeoFLUIDMass Spectometry - Formation Fluid Evaluation

Geolog provides advanced gas detection based on GCMS (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry) technology able to guarantee optimal Real Time reservoir characterization in all conditions even in the presence of contaminants from the mud

• DualFidTM Star must be connected to an advanced gas extraction system which maintains constant pressure, temperature and

volume of the sample.

• The system can run off a Gas OUT-Gas IN system to deliver Δgas data free of recycled gas.

• An extraction efficiency procedure enables to reach QUANTITATIVE gas analysis.

• A dedicated service (WorkbenchTM) supports the data analysis and interpretation.

• A dedicated procedure enables to account for and eliminate the effect of Alkenes generated by “bit burn” effect while drilling.

The GeoFLUID Package

The ternary diagrams show consistency of the heavy hydrocarbons readings, corresponding to a specific oil signature.

Advanced gas extraction

Advanced formation fluid interpretation

GeoFluid:

• Analysis of gases from C1 to nC8 in 90 seconds

• Identification of all alkanes, alkenes, naphtenes and aromatics -

• Resolution 1 ppm

• Accuracy: +/- 1% of value

• Chromatography saved as file for detailed analysis.

Rigorous data QC

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GeoISOTOPESDetection and Analysis of Stable Isotopes of Carbon in Hydrocarbon Gases

• GeoISOTOPES provides real time measurement of carbon stable isotope ratio (δ13C) at rig site.

• The Isotope dataset availability directly at rig site, along with Advanced Gas Interpretation, enables a complete formation fluid

characterization and definition of fluid origin (biogenic or thermogenic). The system can measure δ13 on Methane, Ethane,

Propane and CO2.

plankton

Dry bacterial methane

Wet thermogenicgas

Dry thermogenicgas

CO2 atm

MarineCarbonate

PDB Standard

-110 -100 90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 +10

plants

oil

-65

-60

-55

-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15-60 -50 -20-30-40

Schoell diagram

δ13C2

δ13C1

Schoelldiagram

Md

T

TTh

TTm

Ms

• δ13C on Methane ratio enables the identification of biogenic, mixed

and thermogenic origin of methane:

• δ13C on Ethane ratio shows effects of migration and further defines

the origin of the hydrocarbon.

• δ13C on Propane and on CO2 provide further information on the

isotopic spectrum of the formation fluid.

GeoISOTOPES – rack-mounted system

Crossplot δ13C C1 vs δ13C C2

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Cristobalite

Pyrite

Anydr.

CHrysotil

Nimitr

Kaolite

Clinocore

Illite

Muscovite

Plagioclase

K-feld

Quartz

Siderite

Dol.

Calcite1100

1130

1160

1190

1220

1250

1280

1310

1340

1370

1400

1430

1460

1490

1520

1550

1580

1610

1640

1670

1700

1730

1760

1790

1820

1850

1880

1910

1940

1970

2000

2030

1060

2090

2120

2150

2180

2210

2240

2270

2300

2330

2360

2390

2420

2450

2480

2520

2550

2580

2610

100,0

90,0

80,0

70,0

60,0

50,0

40,0

30,0

20,0

10,0

0,0

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WELLSITE GEOCHEMISTRY SERVICESXRD - XRF - TOC - PYROLYSIS

Near Real Time Geochemical Analysis on Cuttings for Conventional and Unconventional Reservoir evaluationFIELD RESULTS

Mineralogy composition of drilled interval - XRD:

Variation in shale mineral percentage is QUANTIFIED.

Calcite spikes indicate limestone stringers.

Calcite increases at lithological change.

The Total Organic Carbon content of a shale is measured in Real Time by Geolog crew. Data from core chips and cuttings clearly identify the more productive section, which could be digitally transmitted via e.g. WellComs.

Total Organic Carbon curve - TOC:

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TOC chart

TOC

TOC core

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

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1600

1700

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1900

2000

2100

excellent

very good

good

fair

poor

very poor

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GEOLOG WELLSITE GEOCHEMICAL LABORATORY PROVIDES CUSTOMIZED SOLUTIONS FOR CONVENTIONAL AND UNCONVENTIONAL RESERVOIRS

S1, S2, T° max - Pyrolysis

Chemical composition of drilled interval - XRF

Relevant changes in chemical composition are identified.

Elements associated with presence of organic matter are quantified.

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60

50

40

30

20

10

0

9,00

8,00

7,00

6,00

5,00

4,00

3,00

2,00

2,00

1,00

0,00

Si

LE

K

Al

1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

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35

30

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20

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10

5

0

5000

4500

4000

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0

As*

Mo*

U*

V*

1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

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25

20

15

10

5

0

2,00

1,80

1,60

1,40

1,20

1,00

0,80

0,60

0,40

0,20

0,00

Fe

Ca

Si

S

1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

Postmature

Mature

Immature

480

460

440

420

400

380

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

1500

1600

1700

1800

1900

2000

2100

Tmax

S1 - S2 pyrolisis

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0,1

0,01

1000

1100

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1300

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1700

1800

1900

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2100

S1

S2

Pyrolysis in Real Time on a Shale Gas project identifies mature intervals for development.

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XRD & XRFX-ray Diffraction Analysis / X-ray Fluorescence Analysis

Geochemical Analysis on drilled cuttings, in Real Time on site

OBJECTIVES

Obtaining geochemical rock analysis from a laboratory can take months. Data are often needed whilst drilling or in Near-Real

Time GEOLOG can provide Real Time geochemical sample analysis on cuttings at the wellsite.

Geochemical data on-site provides stratigraphic indications, enabling the evaluation of shales and source rocks, all whilst dri-

lling.

EQUIPMENT

GEOLOG can deploy Field Portable X-ray Diffraction and X-ray Fluorescence instruments. These can operate as complements to

Surface Logging services or as stand-alone services, within a dedicated Geochemical services laboratory.

XRD system, optimized for field usage in a field laboratory XRF detector, hand-held, portable

Schematic of the X-ray diffraction detection Principle of the X-ray fluorescence

X-ray beam

CCD

Sampleholderpinhole

collimator

micro-focusX-ray tube

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RESULTS

GEOLOG has been the first service company to run a dedicated Geochemical laboratory on a live well. A mineralogy and ele-

mental log was produced in Real Time.

Above is the output of the mineralogical analysis of a well – with the identification of different clay minerals

Elemental analysis can enable to identify relevant formation horizons thanks to the marker elements detected.It is also utilized a s a reference to confirm and guide the mineralogical analysis

Technical Paper Reference: Innovative Geosteering Technology Utilized in Drilling Smart Multi-lateral Wells(Offshore Technology Conference, Houston May 2013)

Technical Paper Reference: In-Situ Geochemical Analysis of Rock Samples from Simultaneous Wells Enables Field-Wide Formation Characterization in Real Time(SPWLA 54th Annual Symposium, New Orleans June 2013)

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TOC / PyrolysisTotal Organic Carbon and Pyrolisis Analyzer

Geochemical Analysis While Drilling on rock cuttings and core chips

Geolog operates a field geochemical laboratory. This service, provided in Real Time while drilling wells, comprises organic car-

bon analysis, which can be carried out both on rock cuttings and on core chips.

TOC – Total Organic Carbon Analyzer: Geolog operates the only direct TOC field analyzer available on the market. The sysetm

is operated with a proprietary procedure and quantifies accurately the % of organic carbon in the sample.

Pyrolysis: Geolog runs a purpose-built pyrolyzer, which analyzes the S1 and S2 peaks, quantifying the presence of hydrocar-

bons and Kerogens in the rock.

Ultimately the organic carbon analysis provides the following data:

TOC quantification.

S1 and S2 (free hydrocarbon and Kerogen) quantification

Tmax – indicating rock maturity

HI – Hydrogen Index

Kerogen typing

PI – Production Index

TOC – Total Organic Carbon analyzer and Pyrolyzer, measuring S1, S2, Tmax

GEOLOG’s geochemical laboratory can be deployed on any onshore or offshore location, and it is manned 24/7 for the duration of the project.

These detectors have bee developed and built by Geolog following the main criteria of:

The GEOLOG answer to “unconventional“ questions is an innovative and fully equipped geochemical lab at rig site

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RESULTS

A Total Organic Carbon log is crucial to identify potentially productive shale gas intervals and source rocks. This type of output can be obtained within hours of a well’s TD

Pyrolysis enables to directly evaluate a formation maturity. Now it can be done while drilling

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TOC Chart

TOC

TOC core

excellent

very good

good

fair

poorvery poor

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0,1

0,01

S1

S2

10

1

0,1

0,01

S1

S2

S1 -S2 pyrolisis

480

460

440

420

400

380

Postmature

Mature

Immature

2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 2900 3000 3100 3200

Tmax

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Unconventional Surface logging for shale gas

Shale gas exploration and development require a different and innovative approach and GEOLOG has made available a new complete analytical package based on surface logging to support Customers with new tailored services.

ON-SITE GEOCHEMICAL LAB TOC & PYROLISIS ANALYZERSPROPRIETARY INSTRUMENTS

XRD & XRF ANALYZERS

Gas potentialevaluation

Organic matter facies, abundance

and maturity

Total Organic Carbon

Organic matter distribution/facies

recognition

Thermal extraction and

pyrolysisGeoPyrolysisTM

Gas extraction and analysisGeoFluidTM

Dual FIDTM and Dual FID STARTM

Chemical analysis

XRF

Clay mineral characterization

XRD

Reservoir heterogeneities

mappingRock properties

Sweet spotsIdentification

GeosteeringWell trajectory

Frac job design and optimization

TARG

ETIS

SUES

SOLU

TIO

NS

The GEOLOG answer to “unconventional“ questions is an innovative and fully equipped geochemical lab at rig site

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GeoWITSMLData Gathering & Sharing via Advanced WITSML Protocol

GEOLOG can capture and transmit to the final user (local or remote) set gather all surface logging, LWD and MWD data via WITSML interface, as a single data set

EQUIPMENT

GEOLOG’s versatile GeoWITSML system communicates seamlessly with all third parties. No extra applications are required.

WITSML (Wellsite Information Transfer Standard Markup Language) standardizes data formats and exploits the strength of XML

(eXtendible Markup Language). WITSML utilizes self-describing data in ASCII Format and enables message transport via web

services standard, thereby transmitting objects which are not simply numbers.

GEOLOG’s GeoWITSML package is a step ahead in the simplification of data exchange at the well-site and adds further value to

the already present Mud Logging service at the rig site.

GeoWITSML

LWD MWD

GEOLOG server

Customer/Oil Company

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WellcomsWell Data, Logs & Reports Available Anytime Anywhere

Wellcoms transmits lithologies and all the messages, notes, headers, scales, comments which are put on the logs by the mud loggers

Wellcoms is GEOLOG´s web solution for real time data trans-mission from the rig site to the client office.Wellcoms is the most advanced and secure system for delive-ring data collected on site to any location worldwide, giving clients access to Rig site data from anywhere, with the possi-bility to:

• Personalize page configurations

• Access “Real Time Data” and “Playback” mode

• Show lithologies and messages

• Display data versus Depth and/or Time

• Access to multiple wells concurrently

• Scale customisation for each different curve

Wellcoms provides access to the rig data from anywhere using Microsoft Internet Explorer. Specialists from headquarters and different bases can support worldwide remote site operations in real time, providing valuable input into crucial decision ma-king. Expert teams can assist worldwide operations from one or more central control rooms assisting Oil Company to quic-kly and efficiently reach its operational objectives.

Main advantages over different transmission systems:

• Only mudloggers can support 24/7 the system on the rig for the entire well duration

• Only Geolog operators can provide realtime operational comments to remote clients

• Only Wellcoms provides lithology in real time to remote clients

• Only Wellcoms provides all Mud Logging and all LWD data in real time

Wellcoms fully supports WITS™ and WITSML™ 1.2 and 1.3 in-dustry standards giving the possibility to transfer data from different contractor/services (MWD, LWD, Rig contractor). The service includes 24/7 assistance services to guarantee continuous record and quality of real time data.

Data security

• 1024bit RSA encryption on data transmissionMud Logging data is transmitted from the rig directly to the hosting server, visible on the webOnly the receiver has the necessary software keys to de-crypt the data

• The data transmitter on the rig is not accessibleThe transmission device is not visible through the webPeer to peer communication is allowed with few well iden-tified supervisorsAccess to the transmission computer is protected with lo-gin and password

• The hosting server is highly protected against intrusion Onboard firewall settings prevent unauthorised accessThe hosting server’s public address is known only by the web server and the transmission device

• Security for users: User accounts do not allow multiple simultaneous connec-tions Access rights for users are limited to pre-defined databasesIntrusion alarm on passwords Web browser is clean with no data stored on the local hard disk (i.e. no “ghost” files) User authentication dongles

Unique user authentication process

User authentication dongle

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Encrypted rig data with SSL technology

Powered by RSA adaptive authentication

No data stored locally

Wellcoms data stream is enriched by the Real Time interpretation of Geolog’s field engineers.

The well data can be played back vs time and depth, and values are easily reviewed on screen.

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Customised TRAININGin Areas of Expertise

GEOLOG provides industry courses in its areas of expertise: Mud logging, Gas Interpretation, Reservoir Detection and Evaluation, and Safety

At GEOLOG, our aim is to provide simple solutions to our clients’ training needs. Serving National and International Oil Compa-

nies as well as Oil & Gas corporates, GEOLOG offers customised training. All GEOLOG trainers have over 10 years of field expe-

rience. GEOLOG designs and delivers pragmatic solutions that clients find easy to implement back in the field.

All courses can be held at a client’s premises or at any of GEOLOG´s training centers spread across its regions of operations:

• Europe: Milan, Italy; Bucharest, Romania; Ijmuiden, Netherlands; Ankara, Turkey

• North Africa: Tripoli, Libya; Hassi Messaoud, Algeria

• Sub-Sahara Africa: Cape Town, South Africa; Luanda, Angola; Point Noire, Congo; Port Gentil, Gabon

• Latin America: Maturin, Venezuela; Macae, Brazil; Lima, Perú

• Middle East: Mangaf, Kuwait

• Far East: Balikpapan, Indonesia

As well as client-specific customised training courses, GEOLOG also offers the following courses:

• CC01 - Optimizing Well Costs for Clients

• CC02 - Optimizing Well AFE for Clients

• BM01 - Basic Mud Logging for Geologists

• BM02 - Basic Mud Logging for Drillers

• AM01 - Advanced Gas Interpretation

• AM02 - Advanced Mud Logging for Drillers

• AM03 - Mud Logging for Reservoir Evaluation

• SM01 - Mud Logging to Improve Safety

• AM04 - Mud Logging Spec Analysis

• GM01 - Data Engineering for Clients

COURSE DETAILS:

CC01 - Optimizing Well Costs for Clients

Targeted at Client Supervisors, Superintendants, Exploration and Drilling Managers (2 to 3 days)

Course aimed at teaching our clients utilizing GEOLOG systems which data are truly useful to: (a) optimize well costs during

drilling operations of exploration and development wells, and (b) perform quick short-term post-mortem review in order to

capture lesson-learnt and capitalize the know-how in the clients’ operating procedures.

CC02 - Optimizing Well AFE for Clients

Targeted at Client Exploration and Drilling Engineers and Managers (2 to 4 days)

Course aimed at teaching our clients utilizing GEOLOG systems which data are truly useful to: (a) optimize well AFE (Approval

For Expenditure) and well design before starting drilling operations of exploration and development wells, (b) perform me-

dium-term post-mortem review in order to capture lesson-learnt and capitalize the know-how for ongoing field development

and for newly-improved well design programs, and (c) prepare risk analysis and contingency plans of sensitive and/or critical

wells.

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BM01 - Basic Mud Logging for Geologists

Targeted at Junior Client Geologists (2 days)

Overview of the mud logging services: sensors, gas equipment, data acquisition and processing system, safety equipment and

reporting.

BM02 - Basic Mud Logging for Drillers

Targeted at Drillers, Junior Drilling Engineers (2 days)

Overview of the mud logging services with a special attention to the contribution to drilling: drilling sensors, safety sensors and

alarms, monitors and workstations for drilling, drilling screens and displays, reporting, wash out detection, down hole vibration

detection, kick detection, hydraulics, overall well safety, etc.

AM01 - Advanced Gas Interpretation

Targeted at Geologists with minimum 4 years experience and Reservoir Engineers (3 days)

Detailed review of the latest high technology gas detection and chromatograph systems. On site gas Real Time quality control.

On site Real Time gas interpretation using the conventional ratio methods. On site advanced gas ratio interpretation and capa-

bilities.

AM02 - Advanced Mud Logging for Drillers

Targeted at Drillers, Drilling Supervisors, Drilling Engineers (3 days)

Detailed review of the mud logging services to improve drilling efficiency, such as Cutting Volume Monitoring, Real Time de-

tection of down hole vibration, wash-out detection, early kick detection in water based mud and oil based mud, Real Time

hydraulic, Real Time surge and swab, real time kick control, integration with MWD –Directional.

AM03 - Mud Logging for Reservoir Evaluation

Targeted at Senior Geologists and Reservoir Engineers (2 days)

Detailed review of the latest mud logging technologies to detect open fractures, to evaluate reservoir contents and hydrocar-

bon/water contacts to evaluate reservoir fluids using on site mass spectrometer.

SM01 - Mud Logging to Improve Safety

Targeted at Safety Officers, Drillers, Drilling Supervisors, Drilling Engineers (2 days)

Detailed review of how the mud logging services can contribute to improve the safety of the well with cuttings weighting and

actual hole size, early kick detection (in both water based and oil based mud), Real Time hydraulics, Real Time surge and swab,

real time kick control, detection of H2S, SO2, LEL explosive environment, multiple alarms systems, alarms to meet local autho-

rities specifications, etc.

AM04 - Mud Logging Spec Analysis

Targeted at Client Operations Geologists and Exploration Managers (2 days)

Applied analysis of the geological and drilling challenges that a client faces in his own fields. The scope is to optimize the utili-

zation of the surface logging data and to learn to recognize the needed services.

GM01 - Data Engineering for Clients

Targeted at Client Field Operators and Supervisors in charge of operating our systems (1to 3 weeks)

In-depth course aimed at teaching our clients utilizing GEOLOG systems all what is needed to install, run, maintain and troubles-

hoot the GEOLOG mud logging systems.

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ARGENTINA (Salta)geolog.argentina@geologinternational.com

BOLIVIA (Santa Cruz de la Sierra)geolog.bolivia@geologinternational.com

BRAZIL (Río de Janeiro & Macaé)geolog.brazil@geologinternational.com

COLOMBIA (Bogotá)geolog.colombia@geologinternational.com

CHILE (Santiago)geolog.chile@geologinternational.com

MEXICO (Villahermosa)geolog.mexico@geologinternational.com

PERU (Lima)geolog.peru@geologinternational.com

USA (Houston)geolog.usa@geologinternational.com

VENEZUELA (Maturín)geolog.venezuela@geologinternational.com

ALGERIA (Algiers & Hassi Messaoud)geolog.algeria@geologinternational.com

DENMARK (Esbjerg)geolog.north-sea@geologinternational.com

FRANCE (La Défense)geolog.france@geologinternational.com

ITALY (Milano)geolog.italy@geologinternational.com

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