Geographical Geographical names in the names in the

Dutch Dutch Topographical Topographical

MapsMaps

Nico BakkerDepartment Research & Development

Topografische Dienst

Production overview

Aerial Photographs

TOP10vector

Terrain Reconnaissance

Photogrammetry

UpdatedAerial Photograph

orthophoto

digitising

check

TOP10vector

Pencomputer for reconnaissance

Interface (Microstation)

TOP10vector Topographic map 1:25.000

Specifications/Handbook

Namenboek Topografische Dienst

Handleiding

Versie 2001.1

Explanation2.1. Preface2.1.2 Sources / general information2.1.3 Use of deviated corps for populated places2.1.4 Spacing of names of populated places2.1.5 Description of quarters of towns and industrial areas

Selection of names2.2 Selection of names of farms or houses 2.3 Local names2.4 Foreign names2.5 Depth and depth line figures2.6 Street names2.7 Buildings2.8 Elevation numbers and contour lines 2.9 Low water mark2.10 Polder name

Content Handbook (1)

Sources (1)

• Current map• Name on object or on board• List of Dutch municipalities• City maps and city guides• Navigation documentation• Handbook Nature reserves• German and Belgian maps

Sources (2)

Object Information

Name Municipality Official name by law

Place name Municipality

Field name Municipality, local information, owners etc.

Polder name Waterboards

Canal Navigation documentation

River, stream, Waterboards, local information

Road name Municipality, local information

3.1 General rules3.2 Use of van hyphen 3.3 Use of capitals3.4 Orthography of (farm)houses3.5 Capitals in names of farms 3.6 Splitting names3.7 Relation between types the corps3.8 Frisian toponyms

Content Handbook (2)Orthography

Languages

• Dutch• Frisian

Frisian and Dutch names

How to handle the 2 languages

Object Name

Municipality name Official name (can be Ditch or Frisian)

Place name First name on board, second name translation, in smaller corps

Polder Name in the field (can be Dutch or Frisian)

Watercourse, river Name in the field (can be Dutch or Frisian), unless official source gives name in Dutch

Field name Name in the field (can be Dutch or Frisian), unless official source gives name in Dutch

Street, road Name in the field (can be Dutch or Frisian), sometimes two names

Farm, building Name on the house or building

Some translationsFrisian Dutchbosk bosbrêge brugbuorren burendyk dijkgroppe greppelhege hogekoarte korteleane laanlege lagelytse kleinemar, mear meermoune molennije nieuwepaed padryd riedskeane schuinetsjerke kerktun tuinwei wegwyk wijkwyt wit

Reconnaissance of topographical names (1)

4.1 Reconnaissance 4.2 Preparation4.2.1 Overview of sources4.2.2 Description of information4.3 Activities during field work4.4 Documenting the name information4.4.1 Documentation on the register4.4.2 Documentation on the name model

Preparation

• Documentation (letters, remarks, ..)• Road documentation• Water documentation• Old map(s)• Foreign maps (border region)• Exploring other sources (books, table, lists,

etc.)• …

4.1 Reconnaissance 4.2 Preparation4.2.1 Overview of sources4.2.2 Description of information4.3 Activities during field work4.4 Documenting the name information4.4.1 Documentation on the register4.4.2 Documentation on the name model

Reconnaissance of topographical names (2)

Reconnaissance

• Visiting official authorities (municipalities, water boards, etc.)

• Names on boards, signs, buildings, ….• Street names• Local people• ….

4.1 Reconnaissance 4.2 Preparation4.2.1 Overview of sources4.2.2 Description of information4.3 Activities during field work4.4 Documenting the name information4.4.1 Documentation on the register4.4.2 Documentation on the name model

Reconnaissance of van topographical names (3)

Documentation

• The source of the name is documented:

• Name of authority, persons, date, etc

Placing the names on the map

5.1 General rules5.1.1 Caption5.1.2 Colour of the text5.1.2 Corps of the text5.1.3 Often used text5.1.4 Spacing5.1.5 Superior placing of letters and numbers5.1.6 Abbreviations

Letter family and type

Application family type

Name Municipality Univers 45 Normal

Point Objects (1:100.000) Univers 47 Normal, small

Point objects,Univers 55 Normal, halfbold

Line objecten, as roads, waterways.Cursief, halfbold

Area's f.e.. Field-names, polder-names, lakes, ..

Point objects, (1:100.000) Univers 57 Normal

Univers 58 Italic

Populated places Univers 65 Normal, Bold,

Populated places (1:250.000) Univers 67 Normal, Bold,

Univers 56

Placing the names on the map

5.1 General rules5.1.1 Caption5.1.2 Colour of the text5.1.2 Corps of the text5.1.3 Often used text5.1.4 Spacing5.1.5 Superior placing of letters and numbers5.1.6 Abbreviations

Tabel topographic objects

          Tabel topographic objectscolumn 1 column 2 column 3

Univers corps Univers corps Univers corps

exampleBuilding B E/S 55 85 55 80 57 80

Populated place > 25,000 B E 65 170 65 160 65 120

column 11

Univers corps Univers corps Univers corps Univers corps

example (cont)~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~67 90 67 90

column 4 column 5 column 6Object or geographical unit B/P/R/V E/S

1:25.000 1:50.000 1:100.000

column 7 column 8 column 9 column 10Remarks1:250.000 1:500.000 Stadspl.gr. Vliegveldkrt

AbbreviationsUsed abbreviations in mapseries 1:250.000

A Antenne AntenneBr Brug BridgeB Gebouw BuildingC Schoorsteen Chimney-stackCh Kerk ChurchCt Koeltoren Cooling towerCp Kraakinstallatie Cracking plantCr Kraan CraneD Boortoren DerrickF Vlampijp Flare-chimneyG Gashouder GasometerH Hoogspanningsmast High tension pylonLB Hefbrug Lifting bridgeLT Heftoren Lifting towerL Vuurtoren LighthouseM Mast MastR Radiotelescoop RadiotelescopeS Silo SiloSH Mijnsteenberg Spoil heapST Torenspits SteepleT Tank TankTM Straaltoren Transmitting mastTR Toren TowerTT Straaltoren Transmitting towerTVT TV-toren TV towerW Watertoren Water towerWR Windmolenpark Wind-power plant

Placing the names on the map

5.1 General rules5.1.1 Caption5.1.2 Colour of the text5.1.2 Corps of the text5.1.3 Often used text5.1.4 Spacing5.1.5 Superior placing of letters and numbers5.1.6 Abbreviations

Use of colours at different maps

1:25,000

1:50,000

1:100,000

1:250,000

1:500,000

Black yes yes yes yes yes

Red yes yes yes

Blue yes yes yes yes yes

Brown yes yes yes

Violet yes

Text types

• CAPITAL• Normal• Bold• Half bold• Italic• Narrow• S p a c e d

Geogr names at different map scales

• Overview with gazetteer codes

Gazet TDN kode Omschrijving gazet_code_EN 25d 50d 100d 250d 500d Omschrijving van de TDN-kode

EN Object_codeObject_description_EN

BLDG 1009 Building, group of buildings Gebouw (-encomplex)

BLDG 1029 Building, group of buildings Gebouw encomplex (groot)

BLDG 1179 Building, group of buildings Kazerne/legerplaats/Milit.gebouw

MISC 1209 Miscellaneous landmarks Belangrijk gebouw /Bijzonder object

BLDG 1219 Building, group of buildings Ziekenhuis

BLDG 1229 Building, group of buildings Universiteit

BLDG 1239 Building, group of buildings Kasteel

POWS 1349 Power station Electriciteitscentrale

MILL 1599 Mill Molen

BLDG 1719 Building, group of buildings sbm Religieus gebouw

BLDG 1729 Building, group of buildings Klooster/Abdij

MONU 1789 Monument, memorial Monument/gedenkteken

LH 1859 Lighthouse Vuurtoren

FORT 1899 Fort, entrenchment [Voormalig] fort

RECR 1919 Recreational facilities IJsstadion

RECR 1929 Recreational facilities Renbaan

RECR 1939 Recreational facilities Circuit

RECR 1979 Recreational facilities Dierenpark/Safaripark

Production flow

• Preparation• Sources research• Field work• Name documentation• Digitising in Microstation• Check-plot• Correction• Publishing maps

Dgn-file txt (1)

Map (1)

Dgn-file txt (2)

Map (2)

Gazetteers

Gazetteer 1:250,000

Gazetteercodes (1)gazcode code gazcode Object_description_NL Object_description_EN

Dutch English

GEB 1009 BLDG Gebouw, gebouwencomplex Building, group of buildings

DIV 1209 MISC Diverse puntobjecten Miscellaneous landmarks

CNTR 1349 POWS Energiecentrale Power station

MLN 1599 MILL Molen Mill

MONU 1789 MONU Monument, gedenkteken Monument, memorial

VT 1859 LH Vuurtoren, lichttoren Lighthouse

FORT 1899 FORT Fort, schans Fort, entrenchment

TUNN 3449 TUNN Tunnel Tunnel

WEG 3509 ROAD Weg, straat, laan, pad Road, street, lane, path

VP 3709 RIVerkeersplein, verkeersknooppun Road intersection, road junction

BRUG 3729 BRDG Brug, viaduct Bridge, viaduct

PARK 3839 PARK Parkeerplaats Parking area

VLV 4509 AF Vliegveld, luchthaven Airfield, airport

BOS 5019 FRST Bos Forest

HEI 5249 HTH (voormalig) Heidegebied (former) Heathland

BEGR 5309 CEM Begraafplaats Cemetery

KAN 6039 CNAL Kanaal, vaart, sloot Canal, waterway, ditch

ZEE 6109 SEA Zee Sea

MEER 6119 LAKE Meer, plas, vijver Lake, pool, pond

Gazetteercodes (2)gazcode code gazcode Object_description_NL Object_description_EN

Dutch English

GEUL 6199 CHAN Geul, vaargeul Channel, fairway

WAD 6219 TDFL Droogvallende grond, wad Tidel flat

DAM 6259 DAM Dam, krib, havenhoofd Dam, groyne, pier

RIV 6349 STRM Rivier, beek, kreek River, stream, creek

BANK 6419 SHOL Bank, ondiepte, plaat Bank, shallow, shoal

ZGAT 6439 INL Zeegat, zeearm Inlet, estuary

HOEK 6459 PT Hoek, landpunt, kaap Point, cape

EIL 6469 IS Eiland Island

HAV 6489 HBR Haven Harbour

SL 6729 LOCK Sluis, schutsluis Sluice, lock

AQDT 6889 AQDT Aquaduct Aqueduct

DIJK 7109 DIKE Dijk, kade Dike, embankment

BERG 7249 HILL Heuvel, duin(top), berg Hill, dune, mountain

ADMI 8019 ADMD Administratieve indeling Administrative division

MOT 8179 MTA Militair oefenterrein, schiette Military training area, firing range

PLTS 8509 POPL Plaats, bewoond oord Populated place

WIJK 8689 DIST Woonwijk, stadsdeel Residential district

RECR 8769 RECR Recreatieve objecten Recreational facilities

STRE 8809 AN Streeknaam, veldnaam Area name, local name

PLDR 8819 PLDR Polder Polder

IND 8839 IND Industrieterrein Industrial estate

Development TOP10NL and smaller scales

OGT 29 mei 2002

Topographic basic objects

Terrain

Building

Road segment

Water segment

Railroad segment

Specific terrain element

Administrative area Conservation area

Geographic areaFunctional area

 Topographic basic objects

Entity

Road segment

Railroad segmentl

Water segment

Building

Terrain

Ispecial terrain element/construction

Administrative area

Conservation area

Geographic area

Functional area

Object5: TerreinLandgebruik = heide

Object3: TerreinLandgebruik = erf

Object1: WaterWatertype = plas

Object2: BebouwingType = gebouw

Object4: TerreinLandgebruik = grasland

Object6: WegdeelWegtype = lokale weg

Object7: SpoorbaandeelVerkeersgebruik = trein

Object5: TerreinLandgebruik = heide

Object3: TerreinLandgebruik = erf

Object1: WaterWatertype = plas

Object2: BebouwingType = gebouw

Object4: TerreinLandgebruik = grasland

Object6: WegdeelWegtype = lokale weg

Object7: SpoorbaandeelVerkeersgebruik = trein

Objects with NAME attribute

Object9: InrichtingselementType = boom

Object8: BeheersgebiedType = nationaal parkNaam = Hoge Veluwe

Object9: InrichtingselementType = boom

Object8: BeheersgebiedType = nationaal parkNaam = Hoge Veluwe

Special polygon for geographical names

Object characteristics: wegdeel

Shows attributes of an object

Meta-information for each object