The Gender Perspective on Migration, Peace and

Development

Migration

Land-based Sea-based Total

2001 661,639 204,951 866,5902002 682,315 209,593

891,9082003 651,938 216,031 867,9692004 704,586 229,002

933,5882005 729,845 247,707 977,552

2006 - 1, 062, 567

About 75% are WOMEN

Deployment of Newly Hired OFWs by Skills

Category Female Male

1. Professional, med 24,046 17, 212 and technology2. Admin and managerial 289 5283. Clerical 4, 641 3, 2714. Sales 3, 112 2, 4055. Service 128, 186 16, 1356. Production 23, 344 80, 240

Top 10 Destination Countries for Newly-Hired Land-Based Women Workers

COUNTRY No.of Women Type of Work %Japan 37, 235 Entertainers 99.6%

Saudi Arabia 37, 080 Domestic Wokers 25% Caretakers 12% Nurses 11%

UAE 24, 064 Domestic workers 38%Taiwan 23, 698 Caregivers 48%

Production workers 48%Kuwait 21, 174 Domestic workers 93%HongKong 17, 303 Domestic workers 99.89%

Country No.of women Type of Work %

Lebanon 11, 716 Domestic workers 99%

Qatar 7, 248 Domestic workers 69%

Bahrain 3, 768 Domestic workers 48% Waitresses/Bartenders

48%Jordan 2, 854 Domestic workers 96%

Migration from Mindanao

As of 2006, the total number of Mindanaoans who migrated from the region to work abroad has reached 148,115. Of this number, eighty-six percent (86%) or 126,602 are land-based workers and fourteen percent (14%) or 21,513 are engaged in sea-based work.  

1. Region 11 43, 568DavaoSouth CotabatoSaranggani

2. ARMM 33, 453

3. Region 9 22, 221

Defining Development

Mindanao

Produces 44% of the overall traded agricultural products

Contributes 17% - 19% to the national wealth (GDP)

Receives only 10% of the gross national budget

Poverty Incidence1. ARMM 71.3%2. Central Mindanao 58.1%3. Western Mindanao 52.2%4. Southern Mindanao 45.1%

ARMM share of the National Budget2006 0.79%2007 0.80%2008 0.70%

Philippine Human Development Report

Life ExpectancyBasilan 60Sulu 52.8Maguindanao 52Tawi-Tawi 51.2

Infant Mortality RateNational ARMM

1995 50% 63%2003 42% 78%

Maternal Mortality Rate (2005)

ARMM: 320 per 100,000 LB

National: 180 per 100,000 LB

Maternal Mortality Rate (2005)

ARMM: 320 per 100,000 LB

National: 180 per 100,000 LB

Out of the 1, 708 government hospitals

ARMM = 14

Out of the 3, 021 government doctors

ARMM = 17

1 doctor for every 35, 000 people in ARMM

FINDING PEACE

• Armed ConflictsArea Date Internally Displaced

Families Individuals

Maguindanao Jan. 09 7, 325 35, 381Sultan Kudarat Feb. 28 741 3, 769Panamao, Sulu Feb. 15 14, 425 105, 015North Cotabato July 15 1, 370 6, 861Indanan, Sulu Aug. 12 702 3, 510

TOTAL 24, 563 154, 536

• Armed ConflictsArea Date Internally Displaced

Families Individuals

Maguindanao Jan. 09 7, 325 35, 381Sultan Kudarat Feb. 28 741 3, 769Panamao, Sulu Feb. 15 14, 425 105, 015North Cotabato July 15 1, 370 6, 861Indanan, Sulu Aug. 12 702 3, 510

TOTAL 24, 563 154, 536

After the July 10, 2007 incident

Death TollGov’t forces Non-gov’t. 50 42

Displaced Families Individulas

Sulu 10,000 plus 51,000Basilan 2,229 15,000

After the July 10, 2007 incident

Death TollGov’t forces Non-gov’t. 50 42

Displaced Families Individulas

Sulu 10,000 plus 51,000Basilan 2,229 15,000

Interfaith DialogueRe-reading History

“General Alvarez sought the assistance of Hadji Abdulla Nuño, the well-respected and powerful Muslim leader of Taluksangay in recovering arms and ammunitions from an abandoned ship, to which the latter “…readily and without hesitation… provided Gen. Alvarez with 100 vintas and men for the quick recovery of the much-needed cargoes.” It is also said that Nuño’s men provided the vital round the clock intelligence information to Gen. Alvarez by pretending to be fishing just some distance from Fort Pilar to monitor the troop movements of the Spaniards.”

And accordingly, on that fateful day, when they finally launched their assault, “…those under the direct command of General Alvarez, composed of Banginges from Taluksangay, played the role of sea borne forces and were cruising swiftly toward their assigned objective.” Banginge is one of the tribes under the Moro ethnic group Sama.

Understanding Islam

Proposed Revision of The Code of Muslim Personal Laws of the Philippines

Polygamy“if you fear that you will not be able to deal justly with the orphans, marry women of your choice, two, or three or four…” The verse goes on to say “If you fear that you will not be able to deal justly (with them), then only one.”

– Holy Qur’an, 4:3

“but you will never be able to deal justly between wives even if it is your ardent desire.”

- Holy Qur’an,4:129

When the Abbasid caliph Al-Mansur (d.158/775) offered to adopt al-Muwatta of Imam Malik b. Anas as the uniform law of the land, Imam Malik refused, arguing that there were many established juristic practices in different areas of the Muslim world and there was no legitimate reason to impose legal uniformity upon the various territories.

“I believe that my opinions are correct but I am cognizant of the fact that my opinions may be wrong. I also believe that the opinions of my opponents are wrong but I am cognizant of the fact that they may be correct.” –Imam Abu Hanifa

Muslims strive to discover the Divine Will but no one has the authority to lay an exclusive claim to it” – Khaled Abou El Fadl, Speaking in God’s Name

Every mujtahid (a person who applies original analysis and independent judgement to legal issues) is correct. If the mujtahid is correct in his or her ijtihad (the exercise of independent or original analysis on legal issues) he or she receives two bounties, and if he or she is wrong, he or she receives one.

“There is no compulsion in religion”

The Qur’an must be flexible enough to accommodate innumerable cultural situations because of its claims to be universally beneficial to those who believe. Therefore, to force it to have a single cultural perspective - even the cultural pespective of the original community of the Prophet - severely limits its application and contradicts the stated universal purpose of the Book itself

- Amina Wadud

Qur’an and Woman