FURAN ANALYSES IN TRANSFORMER

PRESENTED BY:Nitish Kumar, Nutan Chandra, Muna

Kumar, Subhajit Bhandari .

Guided By: Er. A Kannan

Dr. M.G.R. UniversityEEE Department

SCOPE Analysis the 2-furtural and related furan

compounds during cellulosic insulation in mineral insulating oil samples.

analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography

(HPCL)

furan derivatives are extracted from the oil by use

of a extraction method such as liquid-liquid

extraction (method A) or solid-phase separation on silica cartridge (method B).

ABSTRACT:

To determine of the life of Transformer and the condition of Insulating Component furan test conduct.To Study the effect of oil reconditioning and oil replacement on the furan values.To Study the relationship between carbon die - oxide and furan compounds in power Transformers.

Introduction:The insulating system of a transformer consist of both

paper and oil.A transformer reaches the end of its life when its

insulation system totally lost its dielectric properties.Moisture is introduce into the system, and particle

accumulate in the oil.As the paper insulation ages, tensile strength decreases,

making the unit susceptible to winding failure during mechanical stresses such as vibration, through faults and short circuit.

Degradation of cellulosic materials produces CO and CO2 gases. These gases dissolve in oil, by extracting these gases and analyzing them, the paper insulation degradation can be assessed.

Construction of TransformerDefinition of Transformer: Electrical Power Transformer is a static device which  transforms power from on circuit to

another without changing its frequency but may be in different voltage level.

Industrial transformer parts: Frame, enclosure, tank De-energized tap changer Dual-voltage switch Windings Core Control relays Cooling fans Pressure-relief Valve Air terminal chambers Nameplate or label

Production of Transformer oilTransformer oil is hydrocarbon product, mainly oil contains napthanic, parrafinic and aromatics.crude oil which is buried from earth crust.Clay treatment process on TOBS will give us the finished transformer oil.After the hot filtration operation transformer oil is ready for filling the transformers.

Types of Transformer OilGenerally there are two types of Transformer Oil used in transformer

1. Paraffin based Transformer Oil

2. Naphtha based Transformer Oil

Naphtha oil is more easily oxidized than Paraffin oil. Paraffin based oil obstruct the transformer cooling system. Although it has mentioned  disadvantage but still in our country it is generally used because of its easy availability.

 Various Type Of Oil Based On Colour 

Type of test conducted on Transformer oil

Dissolved Gas Analyzer testBreak Down Voltage TestTan Delta & Resistivity TestTotal Acidity TestWater Content TestInter Facial Tension TestFuran Compounds Test.

WHAT IS FURAN? Furan is a hetero cyclic aromatic system consisting of 4 carbon and one oxygen in a five membered ring

Molecular formula is C4H4O

Structure of Furan Components

Insulation PaperEvaluation through DP

Degree of Polymerization (DP): A measure of length of cellulose chains

Value for fresh paper: 1000-1200

Value at End of life: 150-200

Paper InsulationMechanism of Degradation

Degradation is accelerated by temperature, water and oxygen

Degradation by-products are:Water and Carbon oxides

FuransAlcohols, acids and aromatic & aliphatic

hydrocarbons

INSTRUMENTATION

FLOW DIAGRAM OF HPLC INSTRUMENTATION

CASE STUDY THROUGH SAMPLING OILS

Case no :1 FOR LOW LEVEL PPB

5HMFL 2-FA 2-FO 2-AF 5-M2FAL TOTAL0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Transformer 1

Transformer 2

Transformer 3

Transformer 4

5HMFL 2-FA 2-FO 2-AF 5-M2FAL TOTAL0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

Transformer 1 Transformer 2Transformer3 Transformer 4Transformer 5 Transformer 6Transformer 7 Transformer 8Transformer 9 Transformer 10Transformer 11 Transformer 12Column1 Column2Transformer 15 Transformer 16Transformer 17 Transformer 18Transformer 19 Transformer 20Transformer 21 Transformer 22Transformer 23 Transformer 24Transformer 25 Transformer 26

CASE NO:2 MEDIUM LEVEL PPB

CASE NO:3 HIGH LEVEL PPB

5HMFL 2-FA 2-FO 2-AF 5-M2FAL TOTAL0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Transformer 1Transformer 2Transformer 3Transformer 4Transfoermer 5Transformer 6Transformer7Transformer 8Transformer 9

Conclusion:

REWIND / REPLACE SOLID INSULATIONThis value are above shown data is available IEEE In INDIA value are under study conducted by CPRI

State of Transformer Oil Standard Value of PPBNormal 0 – 100Questionable 101 – 250Deteriorated 251 – 1000Low Reliability 1001.– 2500Rewind / Replace Solid Insulation >2500

The oil treatment is needed for keeping the transformer on good technical condition & helps to make better the solid and liquid insulation parameters.

18 & 19 March 2011 ICCCET 2011 - National College of Engineering 20