function of the heart heart sounds and blood pressure

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FUNCTION OF THE HEART Heart Sounds and Blood Pressure

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Page 1: FUNCTION OF THE HEART Heart Sounds and Blood Pressure

FUNCTION OF THE HEARTHeart Sounds and Blood Pressure

Page 2: FUNCTION OF THE HEART Heart Sounds and Blood Pressure

Terms:• Systole – Contraction of the myocardium

• Diastole – Relaxation of the myocardium

• Should already know: atria, ventricle, atrioventricular valve, aorta.

Page 3: FUNCTION OF THE HEART Heart Sounds and Blood Pressure

Process/Sounds of the Heart

1. Atrial systole (contraction) sends blood into the ventricles.

2. The ventricles fill which causes the atrioventricular valves to start closing.

3. Atrial diastole (relaxation).

4. Ventricular systole injects blood into the aorta or pulmonary artery.

5. AV-valves slam shut (“Lubb” sound)

Page 4: FUNCTION OF THE HEART Heart Sounds and Blood Pressure

Process/Sounds of the Heart

6. Back pressure in the aorta or pulmonary trunk builds up.

7. The aortic valve and pulmonary valve slam shut (“Dupp” sound)

8. Ventricular diastole.

Page 5: FUNCTION OF THE HEART Heart Sounds and Blood Pressure

Contraction Process

Page 6: FUNCTION OF THE HEART Heart Sounds and Blood Pressure

Listen to Heart Sounds• Listen to your partner’s heart sounds.• Should hear lubb-dubb, lubb-dubb.• If a valve does not close all the way, it is called a murmur.

Page 7: FUNCTION OF THE HEART Heart Sounds and Blood Pressure

Regulation of Cardiac Output

Page 8: FUNCTION OF THE HEART Heart Sounds and Blood Pressure

BLOOD PRESSURESection 13.5

Brainpop

Page 9: FUNCTION OF THE HEART Heart Sounds and Blood Pressure

Blood Pressure Facts• The human heart creates enough pressure to squirt blood

30 ft.

Page 10: FUNCTION OF THE HEART Heart Sounds and Blood Pressure

Blood Pressure· Measurements by health professionals

are made on the pressure in large arteries

· Systolic – pressure at the peak of ventricular contraction

· Diastolic – pressure when ventricles relax

· Pressure in blood vessels decreases as the distance away from the heart increases

Page 11: FUNCTION OF THE HEART Heart Sounds and Blood Pressure

Measuring Arterial Blood Pressure

Page 12: FUNCTION OF THE HEART Heart Sounds and Blood Pressure

Slide 11.39a

Blood Pressure: Effects of Factors

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

· Neural factors· Autonomic nervous system adjustments

(sympathetic division)· Renal factors

· Regulation by altering blood volume· Renin – hormonal control

Page 13: FUNCTION OF THE HEART Heart Sounds and Blood Pressure

Slide 11.39b

Blood Pressure: Effects of Factors

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

· Temperature· Heat has a vasodilation effect

· Cold has a vasoconstricting effect

· Chemicals· Various substances can cause increases or

decreases

· Diet

Page 14: FUNCTION OF THE HEART Heart Sounds and Blood Pressure

Variations in Blood Pressure

Slide 11.41Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

· Human normal range is variable· Normal· 140–110 mm Hg systolic· 80–75 mm Hg diastolic

· Hypotension· Low systolic (below 110 mm HG)· Often associated with illness

· Hypertension· High systolic (above 140 mm HG)· Can be dangerous if it is chronic