- P E M . ^ / a a

* 4 q e o ( ? )

I t o c H í O i S -. R x g i m a S

f*OM H0KJ3 KCOXOMICt TO VORU) POUTICS.

B*rtha Wta,pr«aidant of Um Br*silian r*daration for Uh i d n n m m t of Kom«n.

Tho m n of th* Aatin n o M ataad at th* dom of o now day. It haa b**a long la aoalng but li ia tlagit horo. Soon iho aantyry -old nlght of oblirlon will bo margod ia th» glare ot a troolal noon.

At tho last World °ongra.a of «oa*n hald at a.rUn la 1M9 u, tooratio loador of tho apanlah dalagatlon had fow roaont àawolopront* to ah ®ow tho latornatioaal nowa-aenrlaolafora* «o that hor radical, aalf-aad* llttlo lawyar aonpanion haa holpod traft tho rapubliaan aonatitutlon of Spala. And thle

plf^BWl doaumont ata toa plalnly ia lta popmpoua proaaboa that aoz ia ao longor a barrlor to i M l or politioal righta. lha na a of Éha laad of aaaaaa vi 11 toll 70a

that thoy hardly raaliaad that thoir aoan adght not bo idoally happy la th*ir tradltleaal aa aluai on vhaa tho** aaia* woaan *a*r|(d triwaphantly ia fali flodgod oltlaonahlp.

"Matatioa rathor thaa orolutlon"woald aay th* blologiato*

ln Brasil th* laasaoroua tradition of th* aooriah riddoa ibariana ar* l*a. ▼*n*d by th* progroaalvo unrsat of tha S*w *orld. Changa ha* boè b**a quito ao auddon or Araatio a* ali thia. ®ut tharo haa b*on auah growth and danlopaaat aaong th* womon thomaeWea. lho atandarda now uphold by th* Braailiaa *odoration for tho A4ran**n*nt of *on*n jthat hoada th* organiaod noraaanttra ao loa* glorola* thaa thoao firat raiaad by th* anglo aaxon plonoora of tho world.

Twalr* yaara ago tharo aa* no wonana novomant in ®ra»il. H tha and of 1 1918 and la tha aiddlo of 1919, Maria Joo* ®*boêlo **andoa and artha W ta , bo-

aaaa tho firat wonaa to ontor tho otoil aerriao aftor auaooaafully aoapating with ■on, th* firat for po*t ia th* *inlatry of foroign Affair*, th* a*aond for tho ao- •rotaryahlp of tho National Huoua of ®ra»ll» Oa» yoar lator a aaffrago blll aa* lntroduaad lato tho “anato, by tho lato aonator Juato Oharaont and tho yoar fol-

lowing aa* aaaaaaafully dofandád in th* chaab*r by th* thon °ongroaaaan dr.▼anal ^amartln*, who aa* daatinad to giTO it faaatioal r*allaatioa for tho firat

tia* la South ^aorioa,Thaa* w*ro th* loa* bog|ftnAaga of tho «a a n aaffraga *aapaif§ la *raatl.

Th*n aan* th* Pan Aaorioan coaforo 00 of *oa*n organlaad by tho Htional ^oaguo of ( o*an ▼otora at tholr Nltlaoro Ooirrontlon in 19ÍZ.ürganiaad aatioa b*gan on tho ratam SECMiXQUlxfcftU; tha brailllan govornawnt* offialal dalogata,

Bartha lata, to *raail.

BOOIOHZC CRAROXS.

Condltioa* haro ahangad groatly alnao th*n. At tho proaoat aoaant th*r* ar* thouaanda of woaan in th* gorornnonta omploy.°no ailllon braailiaa n *a n «ara théèr living*, oqualling on* aixtoonth of th* whola fOaalo popàlatioa of th* aoan- try. Woaan aagla**ra build roada, woiaan a Tiatora *ral*o tho aklaa.W* haa* or*n hai

our Wyoaing. la 1917, tho «tato of Bio Grande do Borto grantad women fali pollti-

aal right, at th* roqaoat of tho a tato govornor Dr. Javonal Saartiao. thaa b**o- aing th* pioaoora of woaan aaf fraga in tha aoath aaorlean **ntinant, *t «a* U H

oa* of th* oarlloat, l f not tho oarlloat politioal riatory of woa*a la th* latln ooantiroa* Tha arg*atlnian prorinoo of *aa "aan propptly follow*d It*

FBOlf HOME BCOHOMICS TO WORLD PÓLIOS.

( an account of th# 2d Inttmational Feminiat Congpess of Rio d* Janeiro and of th* Woman'8 movement in Brasil)

byBertha Lutz.

(President of the Brazilian Federation for the ÀdYancement

of Women).For th* women of the Latin racea a n*w period ls ooming.

It has been long on the way, hut dawn now here. Soou the century- old night of oblivion will be aucceeded by th» glare of à tropioal day.At the last World Congress of Women held at Berlin, in Jane 1929 thp arjstocratic leader of the spanlah delegatlon had liitA* XfT-7~ ahow. Now the International news aerviçea infom ús t$at her ra­dical, self-mafl*, little, lanyer-companioh haa helped draft the re republiean eonstitution of Sjain, And this «tates plainly in lti pompoua jreambl*, that sex is no longer a barrler to eiTil of po- litical rights, The men of th* land of aanana will tell yon that thejr hardly realised that their women might not be idealjy happy in their traditional Beclusion when theae same women emerge tri- umphant in full-fledged citiaenship.

líutation, rather than evolution, say the biologist. In Bra­sil, though the laíiguoroua íraditiona of the *moorÍ8h-ridden iberi- ans ar* leareçed by the progressiva unrest of th* N*rr World, ohan- ge has aot been^iiite so ârastic andlopiElilet*, but in compensation th*r* has b**n much grorrth and developeijent in the vomen themaei­ves» At the 2d International Feminist Congress Juat h*l in M o de Janeiro, bjr th* Brasilian Federation of th* Advanoa&*nt of Wt'-*'

mau, the atandards upheld were not less glorioua or the raaolu- tlona voted léss courageous than those first raised and sustai- n*d bji the anglo-aaxon pionears of world. To the onliokera, who

' gàtheredíin large numbers, tha beginings of th* Congress must ha- re lookeà quite harmless. For ona thing, tha joint exhibition, or- ganised by the brilliant young «nginaer Gamen Velaseo Portinho a . and the Woman* s Club of Rio de Jaaairo centared round a model a- partment-home. For another, the initial resolutions submitted to tha aaaembly including those from Porto Rico and Cuba póintid out tha ways of alleying good housakeeping with èffleiént citizenship and defined th* perfect- women in teras closelp akin to those of Biblical days.

fiut if th* foreing contributions were cireumspect, th* deman- -í®S’ of 'tKé^Srazilian women themselves were far mor* radical. Har­

dly had th* mayor of th** city, à confirme& anti-f*minÍ8t, recova- red from the àttacks launched by th* press for his discourtasey in

neglecting to weloom* the delegates officially r*oi*v*d by th* Fe­deral Government, whem notice was s*rved him that in future homa,

nakers wishèd to b* dir*ctly cõasultèd as to marlcet conditiohs, ho- mes of the eity. Those that had oom* to critiois* th* "advandad females" went hom* to tall the ir relativas that th*y wer* juat a parcel of old-fashion*d hous*keep*rs futiíily talking of th* b*tt*r- ment of hom* condi ti ons. They w«r*qi}uickly undecieved, for the

next itejn on th* program, was "Womei Police*. Commandant Kary S. Allen of th* Londom Folie* Forcef was th* first woman of Interna­tional reputatien to oom* to Rio in aibwar to òur appéal. She was exoallent publicity ind**d. From th* time of her. landing in Rio,

to th* day when she left for Uruguay, whére the Gov*rnm*nt calied her and inatitu*d Folio* Vom*n whithin h*r short stay, she wa* a nine d«y* wonder. Orowds were only prev*nt*d from gath*ring to

se» her, by able appeala from Braailian Congress-members to th» in- nate courteaey of their conntry-men. But however startling her top-boots, high oollar and peaked cap may hav» been to the average male Citizen, her clear eye, keen mind and cbannlng persoriálity readily converte d tbe women. In fact, tha most old fashiòned, were the first to see the advantafes of women pollee officials to deal with juvenile deliquents, cases of infantecide, sex offenoes, crimes against ehildren and for the custody of women prisioners.

Altogether, fom tha opening session, tha Congress was a great sHccess. Remembering tha first small Congress of Wõmen held in Rio ten years ago, had been muoh troubled aarly in the day of tha firat meeting. Fearful as to the posaibility of filling the huge bali room of the Automobile Club, where tha Congress iras held, I had ji- •vetí to díssemble the vaeant spacea, nhílè diatributingabout three hundred ohairs. Our young aecretary Carmen de Carvtl ho, wilfully oancelling my ©rders, had every available seat packed into thé hall,. Now, with women erowdin* the floor and galleries, and men filling the comera, and. pesa age ways, it sudâenly came upon me that in Brazil public opinion has recently traveled a long way on the rpad to tha emanoipation of women. The wife and the represen- tant pf the Preaident of th» Republic sat at my right hahd, 'and the platfom was crowded with outstanding women, officials and di­plomata. Threatening letter promiaing to break up the meeting with bombs, owing to the preaenoe of tha Chief of folioe lay on my deak. I felt faintly worried as, to the safety of oúr guesta, as I liste- ned to the brilliant young Roealina Coalho Lisboa Miller gire them welcome in fiye languages.

But aa the sarna Chief of Folioe, Baptiata Luaardò, the causeof my worry and "the feminist" of the reYolutionary aâministrationnow dominant in Brasil, boomed qut his oonrictions my thoughta wan-

-• ; • 11 ■ ■

4

derad away. Sllently I reviewod ten years worke for tha womens »o-* ;vement in Brasil. The ravolt I felt «f ter eight ye&ra in Europa,

on landing in a city, whare num s tared at wcanen as i£ undrossing them with the ir ajas* ( a fina has haan institued by the pèlice for nolesting women) • and oontaquent how to chonge this« Tha beginning of puhlie Ufa, by entrance into the civil sorvi©©, after campating rdth ten men, at- a time wb.cn anly one women held a govem»ae£.t posi- Ition. The first lonèly visits to the Congress vhen none of my fivefollowera-dared go with me to pléad for suffraga bilis, the pan-a* merican conference of women held at Baltimore, the uphill struggle organising the campaign on ray retum...But things h&ve changed sihce, There are tens of thousands of women in the goveraments employ» One million Brazilian women (1/16 of tha popolatitMi) eaito tnèlr livlngsj «amen engineara build roada, women eviators oruiae the skies. Only we hava ov<*n had our í(jroming, and a womsn major in.' the state of Rio Grande do Horta, during the aãministration of the south «meriean pioneer of women suffrage go* | i vemor J. Lamartine. (Corning was the first state to grant women the vote, Dr, ÜT. Lamartine waa eleoted state golíernor* with a women -<msuffrage plànk in his platfom. Ee ohtained votes for women in his state, the first to grant politioal equality of aen and women in South America. The argentinian provinoe of San «Tuan immodiately followed suit)• Knowing how slowly the fruits of social endeavour Via*ripen, my soul rejoioed withla me, I

The days that followed revealed many sterling (jualities in the women gathered from ali cornara of Brjudl. One of the ehief points ;ht of the program were civil and Politieal Rights for ftoman, whlch eould not be negleoted, considering that the revolutionary goremr 6'ment had daclared itself disposed to regard our olaims. There were

extremists presmt, no donbt» One old lady, who In her day had Veen g í j

the pioneer of women. noveliststconfiàed to me thàt she had helieveà ^

in economic indepenàence,but not in women suff rage and still lessin

women police.On the other hamd a small group of moderni*ts,discipti4

of Lenin,sat in the audience,tnd nursed tracts on hirth control and other paeudo-medical litterature,waiting to confim the Congress with demands as to only these subjects had not been placed on the

lists of reforma advocated by the Congress, The young women lawers

in charge of this committee showed good sensetand a praticai out J»

look.They aeked for full politioal rights,for economic reforms in

marriage,snch as the abolition of the regime of common property, ^||||

the right of married women to. ohose their domicile4to go into hu- siness or to pratise a profession,an equal share in their ohil dren

and in heritage laws. That oan be more urgent than to prevent a wo-

mans husband from squandering her property and from tying her down by preventing her from êarning the living he denies her?What us« is

'a.

m

KM

diyorce to a women who has no inçome of her own?Why neglect conce* ssions that are obtainahle and feasible,when official committeea . are sitt,ing for purpose of defeating them?Above all,only jeop»4dise

the vote#which enables women. to establisH a first control of future legislation,in favor of theòries that. if votei by the Congress,

• woulçL l®ad to instânt withdrawal of support by the. preaent dicjato ríàl gavernmentíIEbe oppo.rtunity granted to ali womens associatións whích* took part i£ the ,Gonçres8,to repoít on their aptivities broiyjht £§*

out the jstrong bias of women for welfare work,showèd that when

thfy have a say in the government#publio administratiòn will beoome

more efficient in solving social problems.lt demonstrated also that; ... 6 t f

they have an esssentialy constructive point of viçw.Muoh of the irork as oarried out by wòmens instltutions is still old fashiòned SnougV

gava his unoonditional eupport to tha feminiat movement, fearingn neither violenee nor riáicula.AT the firstgreat banquet of women held in Brasil,and with severalmombers of the diaorstionary afaainistaation preeent,Stella Querral)Duv&l,?;hose na&e stanàB for the welfare of motherB,proposed the only toast of the dayt"to the absent",Her words were well chosen andfew and her low toned voioe oarried allover the room as ahe ágainevoked the oorageous pioneer mfljjmiatratn and with h à those

anamong the former exaoutivea,le3Íalators and magis trates,trhò in any way had helped us. AT the last meeting,Alice TibirlQa,rose to demand that the Congress request the Public Health authorities to > èemagân the lepers colony founded by the suffrage governor,who ali. but wiped the fali disease from his stata,snd which was olosed by the revolution.This time the name of Juvenal Lamartine o ame cla&r / as a clarion-call and the aadienoe stood and cheered the exhiled President.Permanent peaoe irill be the WomanCitisens * glft to the World.The y ' éágeimèss with which womens ka ss o c$ationa ,the earth over are preya- .u» ring petitiona for tha future disamament Confarenoe,of 3enev#,whj(t govemments heaitate and mon predict failure is added proof of thii - Tiaae to thic ideal,Peace Was one of the chief topios of the 2d Int temational Congress of Women had at Rio* At tha Peaee meeting,in , v»th© festive hall,of the Automobile Club atill wreathed with gar- <lanâs of roses from the banquet,motion after motion was aoolaimed, càlling for Continental oourts of Justioe,for dÍ8armam*nt,for arbi- trationjappealing tomother', and «duoatorsAto sikr against militar ris», inatigating seientists to refuoe their oollaboration in the improvement of the maehinery of war fare. In a oreseendo of good-w will,the aasembly was led to the oulminating moment of the Con­gress when the dean of great women of oontemporary Brasil,Julia

V

Lopes de Almeida,rose to speak and the audience to listen*As one inapired,8he described the days of revolutionary agitation, when red rehellion stalked through the land as a fiery tempest burning and destroying in the promise that it will cleaaM and rer deem.She then piotured the desolatlon that left in its waike use-lesshatred and persecution are firaly held on leahs.Finally,she madean appeal to the victors in favor of the vanquished, describing thesorrow that reigns in the homes of the men,they have exhiled.She called for the extinction of revolutionary tribunais and ofiiiãls at which impartial justice roses can never sit. Applause wasthunderousfno one,could hesitate,not even the most fierce revoluti onary among the delegates^It was the voice of the women of Brazil

from the Atlantic to the Andes,from the Amazon to the frontier of Rio Grande do Sul,the Southern leader of the rebellious states.lt matters not that our appeal has remalned unheard.Wè will repeat it as needs be.We will continue to fight for lawíul governments and c IcIvl 1 f séra wl Decome enxran.chêd citrzèiis.Our day is coming,our hour draws near. Governor Juvenal L amar tine,

who in thRio Grande do Norte first instituted votes for women in Brazil and who in the days of power preached in the desert,has foundardent disciples among thcse who derided and persecuted him.As 1 write,the future election law is being drafted by tha special com-mittee appointed for this porpose by the Dictatèr.Unless I am veTy much mistaken it will include equal political rightà for both sexaqs

ali over Brazil.The first impulse was to exclude marríed women with-out private incomès or profès sions,hut the Brazilian Federation for the Advancement of Women intenrened and preached the economia.▼alue of home-makers, Soon we will enter the realms of praticai ci- tizenship.We hope to Btraceed.Our intentions are honest;our program

P bi

at tf . Lua

is construetive.

We lack neither moral cowrage,nor lofty ideais,and in one thing ve leaders of Brazllian women. are ali agreed.We are vromen and as wèmen we wiab to attain.Our aspirations radiate from our hearts a and óúr homes to the end of the earth.Ve reach out to our sistfll

of the whole world and together withthemjUe stand for collabo-

ration and good fellowship for happiness and health,íor heauty and

wiadom,for -Justice and Teaoe,The whole field of human endeavour ii ours,f rom Home-Sconomics

to International Politioa.

FROM HOME ECONOMICS TO TORLD FOLITICS/r --------------------------------I(An account of tha 23 International Feminist Congress of Rio de Janeiro and of the Woman's movement in Brazil.)

byBertha Lutz.

(President of the Brazilian Federation for the Advancement of Women.)

For the womenthe Latin races a new pC i \ tvv |C*_ i *''***■ W W"It has been lông ets»ih».<wiyym»toçt

e/.Soon the centuryold nig&t of ohliripn will be succeeded by the glare of a tropi­cal day.At the last World Congress of Women held at Berlin,te June L929 the aristocratic leader of the spanish delegation,had littleto show, Now the intemational nèws services inform us that herradical,self-made,little|lawer-companion haâ helped draft therepubíican constitution of Spain. And this Btates plainly in its ^

pompons prewnble,that sex is no longer a harrier to civil or po-

litical rights.The men of the land of manana will tell you that . they hardly realised that their women might not be ideally happy in their traditional seclusion when the se same wçjaan emerge trim phant in full -fledged citizenshij?.Mutation.rather thán. avolution/^w the biologistsjjl»- BraeiA

W tkoagiKthe langnorons tradí lfens of the moorish-ridden iberians

dUoleavened by the progresslve tmrest of the New World,«kaag sl»*

•■U not quite só drastio aiuL «oiilftte,but iu «eaponài+ion there

has been much gro bh and deveiopment in the wèmen themselves. -AS tàe_2i—Lni&jTiational Feminiat OougregB-j-aat hold in Rio de-JaneircH l u , x j h j . j._>.!,u , « « « w r a - v i H ___ ____________ . . . H vmsa— ctwT

C\ WíxvnJUa-.OWL W * ,ÍV % t ^ \ 0«*j*U dfef tv» (J**Í*>4WV Q Vx Yrfdl. f

meã, fche standards upheldNjárenot less glorious op tha ? aa«lw- tioit5~ vutuü lemr--eoupagecraa fchan those first raised and sustai- ned by the anglo-saxon pioneers of world. ’ To the onliokers, who gathered in large numbers, the boginings oèythe Congress must ha­ve looked quite B raless. For one thing, theyjoint exhíbition, op- ganised by the brilliant young engineer Cannen «fiasco Fortinho a •

yand .xthe WoEan’s Club òf Rio de Jsneiro centered round níedel á- çartmetot-home. For anothar, the initial resolutiotíe submitted to the asseM>ly including thoáe from Porto Rico and Cuba pointed o«t the ways oKalleying good houbakeeping with efficient Yitisenship and defined thfe perfect women ia teras dosoljt akin to wiose of * Biblical days.

But if the foreing contrihutionli were eircumspeõt, the desan­da of \he Brazllian wirmen themseives \ere far more radicai. Har- dxy had the mayor of the city, a conflroed anti-feminist, recove- red from the attícVs lanfeched by the press for his discourtesey in

t neglecting to welcome the delegates officially reoieved by the Fe-\deral Government, whea not ico nas served him that in futura hotife,\ V . • , V ■makers wished to bo directly\ consulted as to aarlcet conditions, ho-mee of the city. Those that had cone to criticise the "advaaèed females" went home = to tell their reiatives that they were just a parcel of old-fashioned housekee pers futilily talking of* the better- ment home oonditio^s;. They we\»qijuiekly undecieved, for tha next itsm on th® progruu iras ”Womeii Folioe". Comnandant iíary S. Allen of 'Üie Londom Police Force, waffLth first wonan of Interna­tional reputation to come to Rio in an\wer to our appeal. She was excellent puVlioity indeed. Vrom the tüpe of her landing in Rio, to the day wheo, the, leit for Uruguay, wheM the Government called her and initituècTTelioe Women whithín hér\short stãy, shl was a nine.days wonder^ Crowds were onl^ prevented from gatherx^g to

ÈMMÈÈÊà&

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se» her, by able appeals from Brazilian Congress-members to the in- nate courteaey of their conntry-men. But however startling her top-boots, high collar and peaked cap may have been to the average male citizen, her clear eye, keen mind and charming personality réadily converted the women. In fact, the most old fashioned, were the first to see the advântages of women police officials to deal with juvenile deliquents, cases of infantecide, sex offences, crimes against children and for the custody of women prisioners.

Altogether, form the opening session, the Congress was a great saccess. Remembering the first small Congress of Women held in Rio ten years ago, had been much troubled early in the day of the first meeting. Fearful as to the possibility of filling the huge bali room of the Automobile Club, where the Congress was held, I had gi-

ven instruction8 to dissemble the vacant sp&ces, whilè distributing about three hundred chairs. Our yoímg secretary Carmen de Carvalho,

wilfully cancelling.my orders, had every available seat packed into . -the hall. Now, with women crowding the floor and galleries, and men filling the corners and passage ways, it sudáenly oame upon me

that in Brazil- public opinion has recently traveled a long way on

.the road to the emancipation of women. The wife and the represen-

tant of tíle President of the Republic sat at my right hahd, and the plaltfotta was crowded with outstanding women, officials and di-

plomats. Threatening letter promising to. break up the meeting with

bòíibs, 'owing to the presenceof the Chief of Police lay on my desk.

I felt faintly worried as to the safety of our guests, as I liste- ned to the brilliaht young Rosalinâ Coelho Lisboa Miller give them

welcome in five languages.But as the same Chief of Police, Baptista Luzardó, the cause

of my worry and "the feminist" of the revolutionary adminiatration

now dominant in Brasil,, boomed out his convictions my thoughts wan-

àereà away. Si l.pnt.Ty I revitiwed t W years wwíke f-ajs. feke-TíwítoiHrmo-\k*-vJL Y r * o ( \W ( IM im iU ) \ r m A i v i fV v w v w * * ^ l* *

v«ttS»<Jjis3i<aes.l. The revolt I felt after pight years in Europe, on landing in a city, where men stared' at women as if undressing them with their eyes. ( a fine has béen institued hy the pòlice for molesting women), and eonsequent-how tó change this, The beginning of public life, by entrance into the civil service, after competing with ten men, at a time mhen ònly oné women held a government posi- tion. The first. lonely visits to the Congress when none of my five followers dared go with, me to. plead for suffrage hills, the pan-a- merican conf erence óf women held at Baltimqre,, the. uphill struggle organising the .çgmpaign on my return...

But things.have changed since. There are tens of thousands of womra.

in tte governments employ. One- million Brazilían women (1^16 oftheJpopuíation) eam their living|; women engijieers huild roads,

women aviators cruise the skies. ^Sjjiy have even had our Wyoming»

aiiíK,fl^*a3»eíK©a$M^^ the. state of Rio Grande Jlo Norte,oÀ wx*. Vwl c*X*X£

ailinàsÍ£Í.*»a M nn of .the soutb . amef i çac-çi <ynger g0_amenr.nn-ji

vernor J. Lamartine. (i teming eos tha flr-st j-t&te

arti-üB"waB üluuCôd stafê gov&rnor with a wbmen

xn nis platfprm» j *.*?F Vr*o |Kjl

-tdatle, fjrat to, grant politi^aT^quality of men and women inSouth America, VJhe argentinian pròviace of-Soft-Jufln 4mmgJn;aíely

^cT t)tiji d vwi TZol JWI JLaXua.followed su.it.)Ssewúig hoia «Inwly the frnvf° QndcfotPUj*

-in

-rj.ptíxi; iii,y sültl rejoiced Wlthin me.The ila a that follswéd reveaied many tstmling qualitias. in .the

jouieu gatl^H^d grum 71II comçrs o£ Bra^líio One of the chief points% t m m m

theprogram v&zá civil and Politioal R fl’*-*"» VAilí l&L fxO.o**. \M (Tin_A3 J-VÍ could not be nejflected, considering that •

civil and Politioal^ Rights

the rèvolutionary governr ' ment<Jà«3~clèclared itg.elf dispoged to regard our claims. Thaye wet>e

---é w ^ u y n One old lafl^WhU u»,, .. nCVk-cST V.* W) yCw\

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ecOnomiô/independence Jrtít not in nomo women police.On thíí'other hand,a/émall group of modernis

t»taad-£kt

the pioneer of women novelists,confided to m*-7that she had helieVed'suffrage and still lesa in

»,di8-ciples of Lonijífsat ín the au#íence,and nursed traçfes on birth còn- trol and otér pseudo-medjxíal litterature,warjálíg to confirm the Con- r» gress ijith demanda to only these sajbjscts had not heen placed on thq/lists of r«£f5rms advocated hy the Congress.The young women law- ers in charçe of this cõnanittèe showed good sense,and a praticai pkt~

------- ’JS * X c "J lÍ — l\A^Tvyf t m A v U t-look.Tbpy-*&ted -£ar full political rights for econàmíc rèTotms in J»

~~-- • |marriage,such as the aholition of th,e regime of commfcn property the right of married women to chose their domicile,tp go into busi-ness or to practise a profession an equal sh&re in theifr ehil- ^

( dren and in heritage lawsfcíííãt can be more urgent than to prevent- a^ ^ ^ ® ^ ^ ^ r o m a n s husband from squandering her property and froía tying her doaaVrtMwt* A y prerenting her from eaming the living he denies her? What use is

AAaAaX-A4^divoree to a woman w^fhas «wv income of her ora? flhy neglect con- cessions that are obtainahle and feasihle, when officfel conmdttee» are sitting for purpose of d%afting them?ABõve ull,unly joop»rdii © the Tote.whifth anaMas women to establish § first control of future

<xM.

|||pQ l«gÍBlationfin favor of theoriaa. that if voted by the Congress^ould

t"**' iiu*!iii»-»itiia»iiiiii«r of auppnrt hy the nresent dictatorial .. -gr&fttad to bIT womena associations whòdh

^ t m the ilongPéss.lu cnuurton their aetivitiõo hrought.jgfcttha atrong hias of n^man welfare work,3ÍKu»e4 iwçtowí«a- h«y 1 1 >ty -ntfOsxA (V* »vahare-a say in the.government,public administration will heoome more

vx*. M f— --- p p P —/ ©ffipi®nt in solving social problema ,Tt ilnnirmutiPittMil #ft'ã pfí||| o í n* 'Tkj-w* o**{£>-

p P f th<»y have aiy essentialy construetive point of viewAluch of thâ^work |jjg,: carried out by womens institutions is still old fashioned enough

gave his unconditional support to tho feminist movemejit,fearing neither violence nor ridicule.AT tho firstgreat banquet of women held in Brazil,and with severalmambers of the discretionary administ*ati«a- present;Stella GuerraDuval,whose name stands for the walfare of mothers,proposed the only toast of the days"to the absent".Her words were well chosen andfew and her low toned voice carried allover the room as' she againevoked the corageous pioneer and..xa^Mè^èe and with him these

ttkamong the former executivas,legislators*and magistrates,who in any way had helped us. AT the last meeting,Alice Tibiriçá,rose to demand that the Congrôss request the Public Health authorities to ítaapèn the lepers colony founded by the suffrage governor,who ali but wiped the fell disease from his state,and which was closed by the revolution.This time the name of Juveaal Lamartine came clear as a clarion-call and the audience stood and cheered the exhilad President. • ’Permanent peaca will be the WomanCitizen31gift to the World.The

i * yeagerness with which womensàassocfations ,the e®rth oiw-ttre- prepa xising petitiohs for the future disarmament Conference,of Geneve,whllegovernments hesitat^and men predict failure is fcdded proof of thisi

\Ò ATB<*fnae to this ideal,Peace w»s one of the .chief tejics of the< SA Intftjnational~-eungre5s of Wciinen hW* at Rjof At tíie Peace maetinsv» *) luíL (IM JL u A C r v . ( s ú ò \ a J ( V \ U a •^AJÜLeV. ,

pxtaivA the fwulimj hãll.of the Automobile Club still wreathed with gar-^ V'-’ pÃÍ. (XjUA4'r lands of.roses from the banque tjmotion after motion was acclaimedT calling fór continental courts of Justlce.for disarmament.for arbi- trationjappealiiig to-mothers and educ&tors,to sttr against milita- rism, instigating scientists to refuse their collaboration in the iayrovaaent of“thé machinery ■£# war-fare. In a crescendo of good- will,the assembly was lèd to tha culminating moment of the Con­gress when the dean of great women of contamporary Brazil,Julia ( ^

*

& Ê Ê L £Lopes de Almeida,rose to speak and the audience to listen.As one inspired.she described the days of revolutionary agita- tion,when red rebellion stalkàd tj|fcough the land as a fiery tempest buming and deetroying in the promise that it will cleanse and re- deenuShe then pictured the desolation thatCLeft in ità wake uea-

vwless hatred and persecutionjire finnly held on leash.Finally, she made an appeàljto the victors in favor of the vanquished,describing the sorrow that reigns in the homes of the men,they have exhiled. She called for the extinction of revolutinary tribunais and of «. trials at which impartial justice yiftgs can ncTer sit#Applause iras thunderous,no one,coulâ hesitate,not even the most

revolutionary among the delegates.If was the voice of the women of Brazil,from the Atlantic to the Andes,from the Amazon to the frontier of Rio Grande do Sul,the southern leader of the rebe- llious statesifct maters not raat our appéal nas rwaalned unheará;

B&t 1We~wãí3r rwpuãr lfas~neeag bg.ffa will continue to flgat lor l ü - f«±-

the desert.has foxmd ardent discxpJ.es among those wno derIWVm tf» U/O ,

aent aiscxpj.es amo:dkJu-» r i v wíinu fln I f w t u aro oleotâep Aaw

/V X L W íJ Ü L « U m the spBp.Tal ootfmn .f tao appointed for t xa gurpe«e

<►» OVbt CCo-rt__ ■ ■ ■___ ■■■■! I■ ■ ____ ____tr i i j A U uicxude . #J&3J0 . 'rtfl- íU*r> Í *VA 1akiU->^W. («Cu C*X» Ca.Vvs~»/V

" f ' p"1<4'ififf'1 rights •"***— BraaiI»The f-ieafr-h w w t* * U * T W C A o l ( Q tm f e sK t-v v L -u -V Jl L u lo r ^ u » . C k * JL

ffpmfln withmit. privtfl W.nnjnp or £xm t» íV-tW. r*> _nfnfuiffnftjbi tho- BragaJ ian H fn*»t.ínn fni- t.hs Arhrnn&mBftnfr of'pa“ •** lif !f-

WornianinteiveuuQ tora preached t&é éfcõflomt "TVjuol vj rvw. ftw ckx**. u )KOlfSõon wê will enter the realms of pratioal citizenfhip.We hope to guceeed.Our intentions are honest;our program is oonstruotive.

t >-

1 1We lack neither moral courage,nor lofty ideais,and in one thingwe leaders of Brazilian women are ali agreed. We are women and aswomen we wish to attain. Our aspirations radiate from ov'r ear sand our homes to the ends of the earth.We reach out to our B"

[.. \ ters of the whole world and together with them,we stand for coi«

lahoration and gofcd- Í TiOrskip for 'hapginesã ax»ii,for heautyand wisdom,for Justice and Peace.The whole field of human endeavour is ours.from Home-Economics to

WnJLr hrtopnntional Poli ti cs.

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