Friday Oct. 4, 2013

1) Take out your chart home work from last night.

2) With your partner: compare the evidence you found for each statement

Birth of the “New South”StatementEvidence For Evidence Against

Farming in the South after the Civil War changedvery little.

1.

2.

Many planters managedto hang on to their land

Regained land afterpaying debt

1. 13th Amendment shook theecon. foundations - South

2. Planters couldn’t find workers willing to work for them

3. Sharecropping

4. Tenant farming

5. Changes in labor forcewhite & black laborers

6. Emphasis on cash cropscotton, tobacco, sugar cane

7. Cycle of debtrural poverty deeply rootedin the South

8. Rise of merchantsstores sprang up to sell supplies on credit

Birth of the “New South”StatementEvidence For Evidence Against

Reconstruction Transformed the South into an industrialized, urban region

1.

2.

Southern leaders urgedthe South to build anindustrialized economyRebuilding & extensionof southern RRs. turned towns into cities

1. Most southern factories handled only the early, lessprofitable stages of productionlumber, pig iron, undyed fabric

2. Big profits went to northerncompanies that sold finishedproducts.

During Southern Reconstruction, the growth of business would bring better times for everyone.

1.South was one giant business opportunity because the infrastructurehad to be rebuilt

Expand services to Citizens. Public Schools

2.

3. Congress & privateinvestors poured moneyinto infrastructure

1. Reconstruction funds wereraised by heavy taxes onindividuals, still in debt from war

2. Spending by Reconstructionlegislatures added 130 millionto Southern debt

3. Much of the big spending forInfrastructure was lost to corruption

4. Blacks, whites, Rep.& Dem.,Southerners & Northerners allParticipated in corrupt deals

Chapter 5 section 3

THE ORIGINS OF THE NEW SOUTHReconfiguration of southern agriculture: sharecropping and tenant farming

Both sharecropping and tenant farming held the promise of freedmen gaining some economic independence, which they did but at a heavy cost: they lost their freedom because they remained tied to white-owned land in a cycle of debt

Sharecropping family in the post war era

The practice of sharecropping developed in theyears after the Civil War and persisted until the mid-twentieth century.

Poor whites and freedmen have no jobs, no homes, & no money to buy land.

Poor whites & freedmensign contracts to work in exchange for part of the crop

Landlords keeps track of the money that sharecroppersowe him for housing & food

At harvest time, the sharecropperowes more to the landlord thanhis share of the crop is worth

Sharecropper cannot leavethe farm as long as he is in debt to the landlord.

• Tenant farming, which replaced the slave-based agricultural system in the south, enabled farm laborers to rent ground from landowners for a percentage of crops (called crop rent) or cash payments (called cash rent). Terms of contracts varied, dependent on whether the laborer owned any equipment or purchased his own seed and supplies.

• Crop rent contracts generally required that one-fourth to one-third of the crop be paid to the landlord.

• Sharecroppers, at the lowest rung of tenant farming, lacked equipment and capital, which had to be provided by landlords. Thus, they received a smaller percentage of crops, typically 50 percent. /

Friday Oct. 4, 2013

Journal #9:1) What skills have we worked on in class

thus far? 2) What is evidence? How do we use

evidence in a history class? 3) http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=EVomz8TXrqE