Freeze thaw WeatheringThis type of weathering is called freeze thaw. It is caused by water going in the cracks of the rock then freezing making the rock break apart.

Biological WeatheringBiological weathering is when lichens such as fungi and algie grow on rocks and slowly eats it away

Soil Erosion One-third of Americas topsoil was washed

away and brought it to the water ways.

Ice Erosion / Wind Erosion

It’s when glaciers scrape rocks. Wind erosion is when sand dunes are moved by wind.

Soil Types and Textures Clay – If your soil has a lot of clay in it, it is bad, because

clay is really hard so the roots can’t get through it, but it’s good, because it holds lots of minerals and nutrients.

Silt- Feels like flour, but still hard. If your soil has a lot of silt in it, it is good, but it flies away easily. If silt has water in it, it is mud.

Soil types and textures Sand-If your soil has a lot of sand in it, it is bad, because it

doesn’t hold water or nutrients, and the roots don’t stay in very well, but it has lot’s of air pockets so the plant can breath . Sand feels gritty when wet.

Loam- Is great. Loam is all three of these things. It has a little amount of clay, and the same amount of sand and silt. Silt lets the soil hold water and is soft so roots can go through. Sand has a lot of air pockets so the plant can breath. Clay hold nutrients and minerals so it can help the plant grow. Loamy soil is great.

Soil Profile Organic- is made of plant and animal

tissue. Mineral- it is the outer layer. Between 2 to

8 inches deep. E horizon- It is made of snails and other

animal material. Their compressed together white rock and dirt.

Soil Profile Decomposed Rock- Cracked up rock Solid Rock- Just rock. Under it is a layer of lava.

Sources of Plant Nutients Soil It is an important recourse. Soil is plant

food for the plant. Some plants can live without soil. Plants can live in some kinds of soil.

Water- All plants need water. Water is an important resource. The scientific name for water is H2O.

Sources of Plant Nutrients

Oxygen- All plants need water. Oxygen is an important resource. Oxygen is air for plants. Oxygen gives off energy.

Sunlight- All plants need sunlight. Sunlight is an important resource. If plants don’t have soil they will droop.