Four Types of Plants

• Non-vascular• Vascular• Gynosperms• Angiosperms

Nonvascular plants: Mosses

• Characteristics• no water transport system

• rhizoids used to anchor

• spores for reproduction• no seeds

Where mustmosses live?

Peat Bog

“Peat Moss”

Primitive Vascular Plants: Ferns• Characteristics

• internal transport system• xylem/phloem & roots

• swimming sperm• need water to reproduce

• spores for reproduction• no seeds

• First true roots, stems, leaves

sporesWhere mustferns live?

Ancient Tree Ferns

Carboniferous forest – 290-350 myaForests of ferns & mosses decayed into deposits of coal & oil

Fossil fuels…I get it!

Ferns - adaptations

• See the first true• Roots• Stems• Leaves

• Still considered primitive because ferns are still dependent on water for reproduction

Gymnosperms (conifers)• Characteristics• internal transport

• xylem/phloem, roots• seeds

• “naked” seeds in cone (no fruit)• pollen

• sperm that doesn’t have to swim

Diversity in conifers

Cones & “naked” seeds

male

female

male (pollen) cones

female cones

sporangium & pollen

pine embryo

Flowering plants• Characteristics • internal transport system

• xylem/phloem, roots• flower

• specialized structure for sexual reproduction• pollen

• sperm that doesn’t have to swim• seeds within fruit

FLOWER: specialized structure found in angiosperms

Anther

FilamentStamen

StigmaStyleOvary

Carpel

Sepal

Petal

Ovule

Flower • 4 rings of flower parts• sepals• petals• stamens

• male• carpel

• female

Identify the flower structures…

Flower variations