forced oscillations technique, the reference method … · the quark i2m is a forced oscillation...

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The Quark i2m is a forced oscillation technique (FOT) system for the measurement of the me- chanical properties of the respiratory system, total respiratory input impedance (Zrs), under tidal breathing conditions. FOT employs small- amplitude pressure oscillations superimposed on the normal breathing and, therefore, has the advantage of not requiring the perfor- mance of complex respiratory manoeuvres. The FOT test is simple and fast (8 seconds) and it is performed with the patient breathing nor- mally into the measuring device., making the test ideal in uncooperative patients or those unable to perform forced expiratory manoeu- vres, such as children or the elderly. As the FOT is noninvasive, it may be used for routine testing, epidemiological studies, research and monitoring the efficacy of treatment in COPD, asthma and muscoviscidosis. Novel FOT appli- cations include tests during mechanical venti- lation and sleep. Quark i2m superimposes a random signal to the patient’s breath and measure the respira- tory apparatus response. This signal is gen- erated by an acoustic source connected to a mouthpiece with a pressure transducer, where the patient breaths at rest. The acoustic pulses are sent to the mouth at high frequency in ca- sual sequence (Pseudo Random Noise - PRN). Quark i2m measures pressure and flow at the subject’s mouth while an imperceptible, low intense and high frequency (4-48 Hz) pressure signal is applied. Elaborating flow and pres- sure signals, Quark i2m provides respiratory impedance measurement (Zrs) and its two components: resistance (R) and reactance (X). Quark i2m can be used either as a standalone system or as a module fully integrated in a COSMED Quark PFT system. A special rack can be added to the Quark PFT medical graded cart, allowing thus the operator to manage, with one single PC program, tests of respira- tory mechanics, diffusing lung capacity, static and dynamic lung volumes. ® ® Total Respiratory Impedance measurement by Pseudo Random Noise Signal ® ® No cooperation required from the patient ® ® Ideal for assessing lung function in pre-school children ® ® Quick and easy assessment (8 seconds tidal breathing) ® ® Accurate, reliable and reproducible technique Forced Oscillations Technique, the reference method for respiratory mechanics in children Forced Oscillations Respiratory care, when breath does matter

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Page 1: Forced Oscillations Technique, the reference method … · The Quark i2m is a forced oscillation technique ... measurement by Pseudo Random ... • FOT TechnologyMore scientific studies

The Quark i2m is a forced oscillation technique (FOT) system for the measurement of the me-chanical properties of the respiratory system, total respiratory input impedance (Zrs), under tidal breathing conditions. FOT employs small-amplitude pressure oscillations superimposed on the normal breathing and, therefore, has the advantage of not requiring the perfor-mance of complex respiratory manoeuvres.

The FOT test is simple and fast (8 seconds) and it is performed with the patient breathing nor-mally into the measuring device., making the test ideal in uncooperative patients or those unable to perform forced expiratory manoeu-vres, such as children or the elderly. As the FOT is noninvasive, it may be used for routine testing, epidemiological studies, research and monitoring the efficacy of treatment in COPD, asthma and muscoviscidosis. Novel FOT appli-cations include tests during mechanical venti-lation and sleep.

Quark i2m superimposes a random signal to the patient’s breath and measure the respira-tory apparatus response. This signal is gen-erated by an acoustic source connected to a mouthpiece with a pressure transducer, where the patient breaths at rest. The acoustic pulses are sent to the mouth at high frequency in ca-sual sequence (Pseudo Random Noise - PRN).

Quark i2m measures pressure and flow at the subject’s mouth while an imperceptible, low intense and high frequency (4-48 Hz) pressure signal is applied. Elaborating flow and pres-sure signals, Quark i2m provides respiratory impedance measurement (Zrs) and its two components: resistance (R) and reactance (X).

Quark i2m can be used either as a standalone system or as a module fully integrated in a COSMED Quark PFT system. A special rack can be added to the Quark PFT medical graded cart, allowing thus the operator to manage, with one single PC program, tests of respira-tory mechanics, diffusing lung capacity, static and dynamic lung volumes.

®® Total Respiratory Impedance measurement by Pseudo Random Noise Signal

®® No cooperation required from the patient

®® Ideal for assessing lung function in pre-school children

®® Quick and easy assessment (8 seconds tidal breathing)

®® Accurate, reliable and reproducible technique

Forced Oscillations Technique, the reference method for respiratory mechanics in children

Forced Oscillations

Respiratory care, when breath does matter

Page 2: Forced Oscillations Technique, the reference method … · The Quark i2m is a forced oscillation technique ... measurement by Pseudo Random ... • FOT TechnologyMore scientific studies

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COSMED Srl

Via dei Piani di Monte Savello 37 Albano Laziale - Rome 00041, Italy

+39 (06) 931-5492 Phone +39 (06) 931-4580 Fax

[email protected] | cosmed.com

Validation articles• Beyon et al. “An Official American Thoracic Society/Euro-

pean Respiratory Society Statement: Pulmonary Function Testing in Preschool Children” Am J Respir Crit Care Med Vol 175. pp 1304–1345, 2007

• E. Oostveen, et al. “The forced oscillation technique in clinical practice: methodology, recommendations and future developments ERS Task Force on Respiratory Im-pedance Measurements” Eur Respir J 2003; 22: 1026-1041 (Ref1)

• J. Hellinckx, et al “Evaluation of impulse oscillation sys-tem: comparison with forced oscillation technique and body plethysmography” Eur Respir J 2001 ; 18 : 564-570.

• More scientific studies on www.cosmed.com/bibliography

Technical Specifications

To know more:

Product Description REFQuark i2m Forced Oscillation Technique (FOT) Laboratory C09010-01-99Standard packaging Quark i2m unit, Quark i2m head, arm support for Quark trolley, calibration unit, antibacterial

filters (20 pcs), nose clips (2 pcs), Irubber mouthpieces (20 pcs), RS232 serial communication cable (2 pcs), PC software, user manual.

Standard TestsForced Oscillation Technique Total Respiratory System Impedance (Zrs), Resistance (Rrs) in hPa/(l/s) & Reactance (Xrs) in

hPa/(l/s), Resonance frequency, frequency dependency, average Rrs and Xrs, discriminant function

FOT TechnologyType Optimized pseudorandom noise (PRN) between 4Hz and 48HzMeasurement range 0.5 - 40 hPa/(L/s)Frequencies between 4 and 48Hz (frequency step 2 Hz)Accuracy ± 2%Coherence 0-1, (Index = 0,95)Processing time 8 secPressure TransducerType Piezo-resistiveRange 0-1 psiHardwareDimensions & Weight 33 x 20 x 16 cm / 6.5 KgInterface ports RS232Electrical requirements 100-240V ± 10% 50/60 HzEnvironmental conditions Temperature 0-50 °C (32 - 122 °F); Barometer 400-800 mmHg; Humidity 0-100%Software PFT SuiteAvailable languages Italian, English, German, Spanish, French, Portuguese.PC Configuration Pentium or faster, Windows XP, VISTA (32 bit), Windows 7 (32 bit), 128 Mb RAM or more, USB

or RS 232, CD-Rom reader, 80 Mb on HD space available.Optional Module Description REFPulse Oximetry Oximeter (Xpod) requires probe

Oximeter ipod (w/ finger probe)C02600-01-05 C02390-01-05

Accessories Description REFLarge Medical Cart 3 cylinder holder (230 or 120 VAC) C02900-01-04 (230)

C02900-02-04 (120)Table arm support flexible arm for holding Quark i2m head C02870-01-05Bracket extension Special rack to be added to the medical graded cart, allowing

thus the operator to fully integrate FOT tests with other Quark PFT tests

C03660-01-11

Safety & Quality StandardsMDD (93/42 EEC); EN 60601-1 (safety) / EN 60601-1-2 (EMC)