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Food Allergies Food Intolerances and Disabilities August/September 2012 CACFP Training

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Food Allergies Food Intolerances and Disabilities. August/September 2012 CACFP Training. What are the Rules?. Medical or Religious Reason for needing food substitutions Disability Allergy or Religious Reason Parent Preference Milk Let’s go through the Handout. Next …. Food Allergy - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Food Allergies Food IntolerancesandDisabilities

August/September2012

CACFP Training

Page 2: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

What are the Rules? Medical or Religious Reason for needing

food substitutions Disability Allergy or Religious Reason

Parent Preference Milk

Let’s go through the Handout

Page 3: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Next …. Food Allergy Food Intolerances Disability Examples of some common Diseases

Diabetes Celiac Disease PKU

Page 4: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Food Allergy Sensitivity to chemical compounds

(proteins) naturally found in food Develop after exposure to a food protein

that body thinks is harmful It’s an abnormal response of the

immune system to a particular food or food component

Page 5: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

8 Foods included in food allergy labeling required by FDA

Milk Eggs Peanuts Tree Nuts Fish Shellfish Soy Wheat

Page 6: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Food allergies Involve 2 features of the human immune response1) Production of immunoglobulin E ()IgE) A type of protein called an antibody that circuclates through the blood

2) Mast cell, a specific cell that occurs in all body tissues but is especially common in areas of body that are typical sites of allergic reactions (including nose & throat, lungs, skin & gastrointestinal tract

Page 7: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Forming IgE Inherited predisposition First has to be exposed to the food As food is digested, it triggers certain cells

to produce IgE in large amounts IgE released and hooks to Mast Cells

Next time person eats the food it interacts with specific IgE & triggers the mast cells to release chemicals such as histamine

Page 8: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

The Allergic Reaction

Vomitting

Diarrhea Itching in Mouth

BP may drop

Hives - Eczema

Throat tightness

Breathing Difficulty Anaphylactic Shock

An allergic reaction to food can take place within a few minutes to hours.

Page 9: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Symptoms of Food Allergy Rash or hives or eczema Abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting Tingling or itching in the mouth or skin Wheezing, nasal congestion or trouble

breathing Dizziness, lightheadedness or fainting Swelling of the lips, face, tongue, and

throat, or other parts of the body Anaphylaxis

Page 10: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

No cure for food allergies

Avoid the Offending Food is the only way to prevent a reaction

Page 11: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Exercise-induced food allergy Some people have an allergic reaction

to a food triggered by exercise Eating certain foods may cause person

to feel itchy and lightheaded soon after they start exercising

Not eating a couple of hours before exercising & avoiding certain foods may help prevent this problem

Page 12: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Anaphylaxis Most severe allergic reaction Involves multiple systems at the same time Potentially fatal if medication not given

promptly Can occur within minutes of exposure Peanut/tree nut allergies in combo with

asthma is the highest risk If child has life-threatening allergies it is

considered a disability in Child Nutrition

Page 13: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Symptoms of Anaphylaxis Skin reactions, including hives along with itching,

flushed or pale skin (almost always present with anaphylaxis)

A feeling of warmth Constriction and tightening of airways A swollen throat or the sensation of a lump in the

throat that makes it difficult to breathe Weak and rapid pulse Dizziness, lightheadedness or loss of

consciousness

Page 14: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Food Intolerances Lacks the chemicals called enzymes,

necessary to properly digest certain proteins found in food

Intolerances to some chemical ingredients added to food to provide color, taste, or protect against growth or bacteria

Sulfites can be a source of intolerance (naturally or added to prevent growth of mold)

Salicylates are group of plant chemicals found in many fruits, veg, juices

Page 15: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Symptoms of Food Intolerance Nausea Stomach Pain Gas, cramps, bloating Vomiting Heartburn Diarrhea Headaches Irritability or Nervousness

Page 16: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Tell the difference?ALLERGY Allergies can be triggered by even small amounts

– occur every time food consumed Advised to avoid offending foods completely

INTOLERANCE Intolerance is dose related Found through trial and error (food diary) Elimination diet and reintroduce foods one at a

time

Page 17: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Disability Anyone who has a physical or mental

impairment, which substantially limits one or more of he major life activities, has a record of such impairment, or is regarded as having such an impairment.

Page 18: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Disability Determination can only be made by a

licensed physician What is disability How it restricts diet Major life activity affected Foods to be omitted Foods to be substituted

Easiest way is to use our medical statement

Page 19: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Common Food Related DisabilitiesDiabetesCeliac DiseasePKU

Page 20: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

DiabetesThe body cannot produce or use

insulin Insulin = a hormone that helps the

body to use glucose as energyType 1 Type 2 (typically in adults)

Page 21: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Type 1 Diabetes Normally, the hormone insulin helps

glucose enter the child's cells to provide energy to the muscles and tissues.

When working properly, once a child eats, the pancreas secretes more insulin into the bloodstream and it circulates & opens doors so sugar can enter the body’s cells.

Type I -Pancreas produces little or no insulin

Page 22: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

DiabetesBlood sugar monitoring – many

times a dayGlucose monitoring (CGM) –

newest way to monitor blood sugar levels (used as an additional tool to blood sugar monitoring)

Insulin treatment

Page 23: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Diabetes Lifestyle ConsiderationsHealthy Eating - high in nutrition

and low in fats and caloriesFruits & vegetables, Whole

Grains, Low fat/low sugarPhysical Activity – can affect

blood sugar levels up to 12 hrs. after exercise

Page 24: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Type 2 DiabetesMost common in adults but on the rise in

children – fueled by obesityPancreas stops producing enough insulinTreated with diet/exercise and oral medsPrevention:

Eat healthy foodsGet more physical activityManage weight

Page 25: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Celiac DiseaseGenetically-based

autoimmune disease characterized by sensitivity to the protein gluten

Page 26: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Celiac Disease Dietary treatment Only treatment is gluten-free diet Cannot eat the protein from the following

grains: Wheat, barley, rye, and hybrids of these

grains These grains may be eaten:

Corn, rice, sorghum, teff, wild rice, millet, amaranth, quinoa, and buckwheat

Page 27: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Celiac Disease Where is Gluten found?

Flour, bread, bread products (e.g. pizza crust), pasta, and breakfast cereals

May be an ingredient in many other foods including soups, hotdogs, gravies, and French fries

Read food labels Wheat, barley, rye, malt, oats (due to gluten

contamination), brewer’s yeast, modified food starch, Dextrin, Semolina, farina, durum flour, enriched flour, and graham flour

Page 28: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

Phenylketonuria (PKU) Cannot process the amino acid

phenylalanine Dietary treatment:

Low protein diet (to prevent increase in phenylalanine)

Special formula to provide protein

Page 29: Food Allergies  Food Intolerances and Disabilities

For More Information see NFSMI

www.nfsmi.orgSpecial needs

training