folksonomy

• Folksonomy

https://store.theartofservice.com/the-folksonomy-toolkit.html

Flickr - Organization

1 Flickr asks photo submitters to organize images using tags (a form of metadata), which enable searchers to find images related to particular

topics, such as place names or subject matter. Flickr was also an early website to implement tag clouds, which provide access to images

tagged with the most popular keywords. Because of its support for tags, Flickr has been

cited as a prime example of effective use of folksonomy, although Thomas Vander Wal

suggested that Flickr is not the best example.


Tag (metadata) - Advantages and disadvantages

1 When users can freely choose tags (creating a folksonomy, as opposed to

selecting terms from a controlled vocabulary), the resulting metadata can include homonyms (the same tags used with different meanings) and synonyms (multiple tags for the same concept),

which may lead to inappropriate connections between items and inefficient searches for information about a subject


Tag (metadata) - Complex system dynamics

1 This informal collaborative system of tag creation and management has been called a

folksonomy.


Social software - Social libraries

1 This applications allows visitors to keep track of their collectibles, books, records

and DVDs. Users can share their collections. Recommendations can be generated based

on user ratings, using statistical computation and network theory. Some

sites offer a buddy system, as well as virtual "check outs" of items for borrowing among

friends. Folksonomy or tagging is implemented on most of these sites.


Geotagging - Geotagging in tag-based systems

1 No industry standards exist, however there are a variety of techniques for adding geographical

identification metadata to an information resource. One convention, established by the website Geobloggers and used by more and

more sites, e.g. photo sharing sites Panoramio and Flickr, and the social bookmarking site

del.icio.us, enables content to be found via a location search. All sites allow users to add

metadata to an information resource via a set of so-called machine tags (see folksonomy).


Digital identity - Taxonomies of identity

1 Folksonomy|Free-tagging has emerged recently as an effective way

of circumventing this challenge (to date, primarily with application to the

identity of digital entities such as bookmarks and photos) by effectively

flattening identity attributes into a single, unstructured layer


43 Things

1 This concept is also known as folksonomy


IoBridge

1 'ioBridge' is a manufacturer of Internet-based monitor and control

hardware and a provider of seamlessly integrated cloud-based

social Web 2.0 folksonomy|folksonomies and curated online API webservices, using WebSocket, JSON

and a host of other related technologies.


Last.fm - Tags

1 Last.fm supports end-user tag (metadata)|tagging or labeling of

artists, albums, and tracks to create a site-wide folksonomy of music


Photo sharing - Photos classification

1 Another mechanism is coupling taxonomy and folksonomy, where tags associated to galleries and

artists are cascaded to the galleries and artist's pictures


Contemporary era - Information age and computers

1 Examples include Social network service|social-networking sites, video

sharing|video-sharing sites, wikis, blogs, Mashup (digital)|mashups and

Folksonomy|folksonomies


Web 2.0

1 A Web 2.0 site may allow users to interact and collaborate with each other in a Social Media

dialogue as creators of user-generated content in a virtual community, in contrast to websites

where people are limited to the passive viewing of Content (media and publishing)|content. Examples of Web 2.0 include social networking sites, blogs, wikis, Folksonomy|

folksonomies, video sharing sites, Web service|hosted services, web applications, and

Mashup (web application hybrid)|mashups.


Web 2.0 - Characteristics

1 # Folksonomy- free classification of information; allows users to collectively classify and find

information (e.g. Tag_(metadata)|Tagging)


Web 2.0 - Concepts

1 : Categorization of content by users adding tags — short, usually one-word descriptions — to facilitate

searching, without dependence on pre-made categories. Collections of tags created by many users within a single system may be referred to as

folksonomy|folksonomies (i.e., Folk#Etymology|folk Taxonomy

(general)|taxonomies).https://store.theartofservice.com/the-folksonomy-toolkit.html

Social bookmarking

1 Tagging is a significant feature of social bookmarking systems,

enabling users to organize their bookmarks in flexible ways and

develop shared vocabularies known as folksonomy|folksonomies.


Social bookmarking - Common features

1 Folksonomy is also called social tagging, the process by which many users add metadata in the form of

keywords to shared content.


Social bookmarking - Folksonomy

1 Once such stable distributions form, the correlations between different tags can be examined to construct

simple folksonomy graphs, which can be efficiently partitioned to obtain a

form of community or shared vocabularies.V


Social bookmarking - Folksonomy

1 From the point of view of search data, there are drawbacks to such

tag-based systems: no standard set of keywords (i.e., a folksonomy

instead of a controlled vocabulary), no standard for the structure of such

tags (e.g., singular vs


Web 1.0 - Characteristics

1 move from personal websites to blogs and blog site aggregation, from publishing to participation, from web content as the outcome of large up-front investment to an ongoing and

interactive process, and from content management systems to links based

on tagging (folksonomy).


Collective intelligence - Social bookmarking

1 In social bookmarking (also called collaborative tagging), users assign tags to

resources shared with other users, which gives rise to a type of information organisation that emerges from this crowdsourcing process. The resulting information structure can be seen as

reflecting the collective knowledge (or collective intelligence) of a community of

users and is commonly called a Folksonomy, and the process can be captured by models of

collaborative tagging.


Collective intelligence - Social bookmarking

1 Once such stable distributions form, examining the correlations between different tags can be used to construct simple folksonomy graphs,

which can be efficiently partitioned to obtained a form of community or shared

vocabularies.Valentin Robu, Harry Halpin, Hana Shepherd [http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?

id=1594173.1594176 Emergence of consensus and shared vocabularies in collaborative tagging systems], ACM Transactions on the Web (TWEB), Vol


Folksonomy

1 Folksonomy, a term coined by Thomas Vander Wal, is a

portmanteau of folk and Taxonomy (general)|taxonomy.


Folksonomy

1 While both broad and narrow folksonomies enable the

searchability of content by adding textual description - or access points - to an object, a narrow folksonomy

does not have the same benefits as a broad folksonomy, which allows for the tracking of emerging trends in

tag usage and developing vocabularies


Folksonomy

1 However, tag clouds visualize only the vocabulary but not the structure

of folksonomies, as do tag graphs.Lohmann, S., Diáz, P.:

[http://www.vis.uni-stuttgart.de/~lohmansn/publications/FolksonomyRefer

enceModel.pdf Representing and Visualizing Folksonomies as Graphs -

A Reference Model], Proc


Folksonomy - Origin

1 Folksonomy has little to do with Taxonomy (biology)|taxonomy — the

latter refers to an ontological, hierarchical way of categorizing,

while folksonomy establishes categories (each tag is a category) that are theoretically equal to each other (i.e., there is no hierarchy, or

parent-child relation between different tags).


Folksonomy - Origin

1 Folksonomy also includes a set of URLs that are used to identify

resources that have been referred by users of different websites


Folksonomy - Origin

1 An example of a narrow folksonomies can be found in systems used by large businesses; these types of folksonomy are mainly used for research and associates working together in collaborative groups.


Folksonomy - Origin

1 Early attempts and experiments include the World Wide Web

Consortium's Annotea project with user-generated tags in 2002.M.

Koivunen, [http://kmi.open.ac.uk/events/usersw

eb/papers/01_koivunen_final.pdf Annotea and Semantic Web

Supported Annotation]. According to Vander Wal, a folksonomy is tagging

that works.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-folksonomy-toolkit.html

Folksonomy - Origin

1 Folksonomy is unrelated to folk taxonomy, a cultural practice that has been widely documented in anthropological and

folkloristics|folkloristic work. Folk taxonomies are culturally supplied, intergenerationally

transmitted, and relatively stable classification systems that people in a given culture use to make sense of the entire world around them (not just the Internet).Berlin, B.

(1992). Ethnobiological Classification. Princeton: Princeton University Press.


Folksonomy - Semantic Web

1 [ http://jis.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/30/4/310 JIS: Internet search

engines' response to metadata Dublin Core implementation] In

contrast to more formalized, top-down classifications using controlled vocabulary|controlled vocabularies,

folksonomy is a distributed classification system with low entry

costs.Corey Ahttps://store.theartofservice.com/the-folksonomy-toolkit.html

Folksonomy - Folksontology

1 In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Knowledge Management and

Knowledge Technologies, ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2011 Folksonomy looks to categorize tags and thus

create browsable spaces of information that are easy to maintain

and expand.


Social Semantic Web - Overview

1 The socio-semantic web may be seen as a middle way between the top-

down monolithic taxonomy approach like the Yahoo! Directory and the more recent collaborative tagging

(folksonomy) approaches.


Social Semantic Web - Overview

1 First, users could create a folksonomy

(flat taxonomy)


Freebase - Organization and policy

1 [U]nlike the W3C approach to the semantic web, which starts with controlled ontologies, Metaweb

adopts a folksonomy approach, in which people can add new categories (much like tags), in a messy sprawl

of potentially overlapping assertions.


Enterprise bookmarking - Tag management

1 Enterprise bookmarking tools also differ from social bookmarking tools in the way that they

often face an existing Taxonomy (general)|taxonomy. Some of these tools have evolved

to provide Tag management which is the combination of uphill abilities (e.g. faceted

classification, predefined tags, etc.) and downhill gardening abilities (e.g. tag

renaming, moving, merging) to better manage the bottom-up folksonomy

generated from user tagging.


Peer-to-Patent - Community review

1 After a patent is published on the Peer To Patent web site, the public can post not only instances of possible prior art, but other useful comments

such as common industry terms that might describe the patent. These terms, or

Folksonomy tags, are useful to help other experts find prior art. The review process

emphasizes and supports group collaboration in the following

ways.[http://dotank.nyls.edu/communitypatent/P2Panniversaryreport.pdf Peer To Patent first

anniversary report, June 2008]


Faceted search - Development

1 It has become the prevailing user interaction mechanism in e-commerce sites and is being extended to deal with semi-structured data, continuous

dimensions, and Folksonomy | folksonomies.[http://facetedsearch.g

ooglepages.com SIGIR'2006 Workshop on Faceted Search - Call

for Participation]https://store.theartofservice.com/the-folksonomy-toolkit.html

Boise, Idaho - Parts of the city

1 In January 2014 the Boise Police Department partnered with the

folksonomy|folksonomic neighborhood blogging site Nextdoor, the first city in the Northwest and the

137th city in the U.S


Web2.0

1 A Web 2.0 site may allow users to interact and collaborate with each other in a social media

dialogue as creators of user-generated content in a virtual community, in contrast to Web

sites where people are limited to the passive viewing of Content (media and publishing)|content. Examples of Web 2.0 include social networking sites, blogs, wikis, Folksonomy|

folksonomies, video sharing sites, Web service|hosted services, Web applications, and

Mashup (web application hybrid)|mashups.


List of social bookmarking websites

1 The sites provide folksonomy-based tagging, sharing features, web feeds,

and bookmarklets to easily add entries. Users can access their bookmarks from any computer.


Delicious (website) - Site description

1 Delicious uses a non-hierarchical classification system in which users can Tag (metadata)|tag

each of their bookmarks with freely chosen index terms (generating a kind of folksonomy).

A combined view of everyone's bookmarks with a given tag is available; for instance, the

URL [http://delicious.com/tag/wiki http://delicious.com/tag/wiki] displays all of

the most recent links tagged wiki. Its collective nature makes it possible to view bookmarks

added by other users.


Faceted classification - Additional Information

1 Faceted classification systems are also distinct from folksonomy|folksonomies or other tagging

systems that do not break out the tags into independent facets.


Card sorting

1 'Card sorting' is a simple technique in user experience design where a group of subject experts or users, however inexperienced with design, are guided to generate a

category tree or folksonomy. It is a useful approach for designing

information architecture, workflows, menu structure, or web site

navigation paths.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-folksonomy-toolkit.html

Knowledge tagging - Complex system dynamics

1 This informal collaborative system of tag creation and management has been called a

folksonomy.


Social information processing - Current state of knowledge

1 ; Tagging : Tag (metadata)|Tagging has already attracted the interest of the AI community. While the initial purpose of tagging was to help users organize and

manage their own documents, it has since been proposed that collective tagging of

common documents can be used to organize information via an informal classification

system dubbed a folksonomy. There is hope that folksonomies will eventually help fulfill

the promise of the Semantic Web.


DMOZ - Hierarchical structure

1 Criticism of DMOZ's hierarchical structure emerged by around 2005. Many believe hierarchical directories

are too complicated. With the emergence of Web 2.0, folksonomy|folksonomies began to appear, and

some editors proposed that folksonomies, network

(mathematics)|networks and directed graphs are more natural and easier

to manage than hierarchies.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-folksonomy-toolkit.html

Art gallery - Folksonomy

1 There are also online galleries that have been developed by a

collaboration of museums and galleries that are more interested

with the categorization of art. They are interested in the potential use of folksonomy within museums and the requirements for post-processing of

terms that have been gathered, both to test their utility and to deploy

them in useful ways.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-folksonomy-toolkit.html

Knowledge environment - Overview

1 tagging or folksonomy|folksonomies


Flickr.com - Organization

1 Flickr has been cited as a prime example of effective use of

folksonomy.


Tripcode - Software

1 There are two primary types of imageboard software packages in widespread use: linearly directed imageboards modeled closely after Futaba Channel (in which content is posted through hierarchical subsections of topical

interest, usually denoted by a forward slash such as /f for female), and nonlinear

imageboards modeled after Danbooru (usually indicated by the usage of controlled

vocabulary|controlled folksonomy|folksonomic vocabulary for topical tagging and search).


Thomas Vander Wal

1 'Thomas Vander Wal' is an information architect best known for coining the term folksonomy.Peters,

Isabella


Thomas Vander Wal - Folksonomy

1 Folksonomy is sometimes called collaborative tagging, social

classification, social indexing, or social tagging


Thomas Vander Wal - Professional Experience

1 Vander Wal works at InfoCloud Solutions as the Principal and Senior Consultant. InfoClouds Solutions is Vander Wal’s consulting company

that advises on the range of digital content/media, folksonomy/tagging,

social web, and personal to social information use and reuse.


Terry Flew - Social implications of video games

1 He uses the term [http://folksonomy.co/?

keyword=26914 pro-sumer] to describe the group of users who both

consume and produce new media


Brooklyn Museum - Programs

1 The museum has posted many pieces to a digital collection online

which features a user-based tagging system that allows the public to

folksonomy|tag and curate sets of objects online, as well as solicit

additional scholarship contributions.


Symbiotic intelligence - Social bookmarking


which can be efficiently partitioned to obtained a form of community or shared




SKOS - Formal release (2009)

1 On August 18, 2009, W3C released the new standard that builds a bridge

between the world of knowledge organization systems - including thesauri, classifications, subject

headings, taxonomies, and folksonomy|folksonomies - and the linked data community, bringing

benefits to both


Weak ontology

1 On the World Wide Web, folksonomy in the form of tag cloud|tag schemas and typed

links has tended to evolve slowly in a variety of forums, and then be standardized in such schemes as microformats as more

and more forums agree. These weak ontology constructs only become strong in response to growing demands for a more

powerful form of search engine than is possible with Index term|keywording.


CiteULike

1 Users can organize their libraries with freely chosen Tag (metadata)|

tags and this produces a folksonomy of academic interests.CiteULike: A Researcher's Social Bookmarking

Service, [http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue51/emamy-cameron/ Ariadne: Issue 51]


Models of collaborative tagging - Complex systems dynamics and emergent vocabularies


which can be efficiently partitioned to obtain a form of community or shared




Connotea

1 Allowing completely free tagging means a folksonomy can gradually develop


Furl - Features

1 Users could see lists of other users who have furled a URL, and read

their comments (if made public) to find users who share interests,

supporting folksonomy


Breakbeat - Etymology

1 Whether this was part of the original meaning of the word or is purely a

folksonomy remains unclear, but it is safe to say that the term has evolved

to encompass both sentiments.


Cinema of New Zealand - The Coming of Age of The New Zealand Short Film

1 The result saw an explosion of visually rich and compelling works that seemed to aspire more to the best of European cinema than the

mainstay of Hollywood fare ([http://folksonomy.co/?

permalink=174 Paul Shannon, 1995]).



1 A Little Death: A Modern Day Fairytale|A Little Death

([http://folksonomy.co/?member=2 Simon Perkins], Paul Swadel, 1994),

11 minutes, 16mm, colour b/w;



1 Eau de la vie ([http://www.nzfilm.co.nz/film_catalogue/short_fi

lms/short_film_catalogue/Eau_de_la_Vie_181.aspx Simon Baré], 1993), 13

Min, colour; and notably O Tamaiti (The Children) (Sima Urale, 1996) which won the Silver Lion Best Short Film at the Venice Film

Festival; and Two Cars, One Night (Taika Waititi) which was nominated Best Short Film at the

Academy Awards. Watch the [http://folksonomy.co/?keyword=18364 collected

set of short films] online.


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folksonomy

Documents

resulting metadata

metadata advantages

form of metadata

synonyms multiple tags

information resource

based monitor

set of socalled machine

photo sharing sites