Folk and Popular CultureFolk and Popular Culture

What is it?What is it? Where do folk and pop cultures Where do folk and pop cultures

originate?originate? Why is folk culture clustered?Why is folk culture clustered?

Why is pop culture widely distributed?Why is pop culture widely distributed? Why does globalization of pop culture Why does globalization of pop culture

cause problems?cause problems?

First things First: First things First: CultureCulture

HABITHABIT A repetitive act performed by an A repetitive act performed by an

individual.individual. CUSTOMCUSTOM

A repetitive act adopted and performed A repetitive act adopted and performed by aby a group. group.

CULTURECULTURE A A collection of customscollection of customs shared by group. shared by group.

CULTURE DEFINEDCULTURE DEFINED

Culture consists of a peoplesCulture consists of a peoples BeliefsBeliefs InstitutionsInstitutions TechnologyTechnology

In other words, culture consistsIn other words, culture consists ofof

ArtifactsArtifacts LanguageLanguage ReligionReligion FoodFood

Evidence of CultureEvidence of Culture

Material Culture—encompasses Material Culture—encompasses anything that can be seen on the anything that can be seen on the landscape, touched or picked up such as landscape, touched or picked up such as houses, furniture, or musical houses, furniture, or musical instrumentsinstruments

Nonmaterial culture—anything that Nonmaterial culture—anything that makes up culture that cannot be makes up culture that cannot be touched, such as language, religion, touched, such as language, religion, philosophies, folklore and superstition.philosophies, folklore and superstition.

If this is the material culture If this is the material culture what is the nonmaterial what is the nonmaterial

culture?culture?

What is folk culture exactly?What is folk culture exactly?

The practice of a custom by a The practice of a custom by a relatively small group of people in a relatively small group of people in a focused areafocused area

Traditionally practiced by small, Traditionally practiced by small, homogeneous groups living in homogeneous groups living in isolated rural areasisolated rural areas

Passed by oral tradition Passed by oral tradition from from generation to generationgeneration to generation

What the heck is popular What the heck is popular culture?culture?

Is the Is the practice of customs that span practice of customs that span several different cultures and may several different cultures and may even have a global focuseven have a global focus

Found in large heterogeneous Found in large heterogeneous societies that share certain habits societies that share certain habits despite differences in other personal despite differences in other personal characteristicscharacteristics

Origin and Diffusion of Folk Origin and Diffusion of Folk CultureCulture

Often folk customs have Often folk customs have anonymous anonymous hearthshearths

Difficult to trace origination and datesDifficult to trace origination and dates Sometimes they may have many Sometimes they may have many

hearthshearths, originating independently in , originating independently in different locationsdifferent locations

Most often they are diffused through Most often they are diffused through relocation diffusionrelocation diffusion

ORIGIN OF FOLK MUSICORIGIN OF FOLK MUSIC

Folk songs are usually Folk songs are usually composed composed anonymously and transmitted orallyanonymously and transmitted orally

May May change from generation to generationchange from generation to generation Talks about daily activities, farming, life-Talks about daily activities, farming, life-

cycle events or mysterious eventscycle events or mysterious events

https://www.youtube.com/watch?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_G6ewcEMefw v=_G6ewcEMefw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FyFoMtHrV2M v=FyFoMtHrV2M

Origin and Diffusion of Popular Origin and Diffusion of Popular cultureculture

Pop culture is often a product of an Pop culture is often a product of an MDC, most likely, Western Europe, MDC, most likely, Western Europe, the US or Japan.the US or Japan.

The spread of popular culture usually The spread of popular culture usually happens through….happens through….

hierarchical diffusion.hierarchical diffusion.

ORIGIN OF POPULAR MUSICORIGIN OF POPULAR MUSIC

Pop music is written by specific people for the Pop music is written by specific people for the purpose of money makin’.purpose of money makin’.

It is usually “produced”.It is usually “produced”. As we know it today, it originated in an area As we know it today, it originated in an area

called Tin Pan Alley in NYC. called Tin Pan Alley in NYC. Most popular musical entertainment was “music Most popular musical entertainment was “music

hall” in the UK and “vaudeville” in the UShall” in the UK and “vaudeville” in the US http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SA6wYvVnq4ghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SA6wYvVnq4g http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lK0gYi1YEZ8http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lK0gYi1YEZ8 Originally tried to sell songsheetsOriginally tried to sell songsheets

WWIIWWII

Tin Pan Alley disappearedTin Pan Alley disappeared Armed Forces Radio NetworkArmed Forces Radio Network

Originated in the 70’s in the South BronxOriginated in the 70’s in the South Bronx Rappers modified it in other areas of NYC—Rappers modified it in other areas of NYC—

Queens, Brooklyn and Harlem (thug)Queens, Brooklyn and Harlem (thug) In In 80s spread to Oakland and Atlanta and then 80s spread to Oakland and Atlanta and then

to other large citiesto other large cities Makes local references but has diffused Makes local references but has diffused

globally. globally.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=diiL9bqvalo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=diiL9bqvalo

Amish OriginsAmish Origins

In the In the 1600s Swiss Mennonite Bishop 1600s Swiss Mennonite Bishop gathered followers who became known as gathered followers who became known as the Amishthe Amish

Originated in Bern, SwitzerlandOriginated in Bern, Switzerland, Alsace in NE , Alsace in NE France and Palatinate region of SW GermanyFrance and Palatinate region of SW Germany

Migrated to US for promise of cheap landMigrated to US for promise of cheap land From the core areas of From the core areas of Pennsylvania, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Ohio,

Illinois and Iowa,Illinois and Iowa, the Amish migrated to the Amish migrated to other areas where land was inexpensive.other areas where land was inexpensive.

Around 80,000 Amish in the Around 80,000 Amish in the USUS

Football!!!! Or soccerFootball!!!! Or soccer

Folk culture originFolk culture origin

Between 1018-1042—”Kick the Between 1018-1042—”Kick the Dane’s Head!”Dane’s Head!”

Inflated cow bladderInflated cow bladder Mob sceneMob scene 1212thth century—standardized rules century—standardized rules King Henry II banned it in late 12King Henry II banned it in late 12thth

centurycentury King James I legalized it in 1603King James I legalized it in 1603

Popular sport transition began in early 1800s Popular sport transition began in early 1800s Recreation clubsRecreation clubs An association formed in 1863An association formed in 1863 Football Association—assoc—soccerFootball Association—assoc—soccer First played in continental Europe by Dutch First played in continental Europe by Dutch

students who had been in Britain—late 1870’sstudents who had been in Britain—late 1870’s Spain—English engineers working in Bilboa in Spain—English engineers working in Bilboa in

18931893 Russian—English textile manager organized Russian—English textile manager organized

and team in 1887and team in 1887

Soccer in the USSoccer in the US

Popularity?Popularity? First game between Princeton and First game between Princeton and

RutgersRutgers 4 years later several colleges met4 years later several colleges met Harvard wanted RugbyHarvard wanted Rugby http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=7uMDV5CMK3Av=7uMDV5CMK3A