CS4098 – SEMINAR

PRESENTED BY NIKHIL SABU

B120792CS

FOG COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY

CONTENTS• ABSTRACT• INTRODUCTION• CHARACTERISTICS OF FOG COMPUTING• CLOUD vs. FOG• ARCHITECTURE OF FOG TECHNOLOGY• APPLICATIONS OF FOG• CONCLUSION• REFERENCES

• Extends Cloud computing and services to the edge of the network.

• Similar to Cloud, Fog provides data, compute, storage, and ap-plication services to end-users.

• Motivations for Fog Computing - Smart Grid, smart traffic lights in vehicular networks and software defined networks.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

What is fog computing?• Fog computing (aka, Edge computing) is a model in which data,

processing and applications are concentrated in devices at the network edge rather than existing almost entirely in the cloud.

• The term "Fog Computing" was introduced by the Cisco Systems as new model to ease wireless data transfer to distributed devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) network paradigm.

• In Fog Computing, devices communicate peer-to-peer to efficiently share/store data and take local decisions.

What is the need for fog computing ?• Fog computing was developed to address applications and ser-

vices that do not fit the paradigm of the cloud.• Fog Computing keeps data right where the Internet of Things

needs it.• Existing data protection mechanisms in Cloud Computing such as

encryption failed in securing the data from the attackers.• Limitations of cloud (high latency, security shortcomings, band-

width, etc.)

Cloud architecture before the advent of fog technology

Cloud architecture with the advent of fog technology

CHARACTERISTICS OF FOG COM-PUTING

• Edge location, location awareness, and low latency : Fog computing support endpoints with finest services at the edge of the network

• Geographical distribution : The services and application objec-tive of the fog is widely distributed.

• Support for mobility : Using LISP protocol fog devices provide mobility techniques like decouple host identity to location identity.

• Real time interactions : fog computing requires real time inter-actions for speedy service.

• Heterogeneity : Fog nodes can be deployed in a wide variety of environments.

• Interoperability : Fog components must be able to interoperate in order to give wide range of services like streaming.

CLOUD vs. FOGFog – Solution to Cloud’s Limitations

• Reduction in data movement across the network re-sulting in reduced congestion.

• Elimination of bottlenecks resulting from centralized computing systems.

• Improved security of encrypted data as it stays closer to the end user.

CLOUD vs. FOG

CLOUD vs. FOG

ARCHITECTURE OF FOG TECHNOL-OGY

The design of fog architecture or the key components of fog architec-ture are discussed below:• Heterogeneous Physical Resources• Fog Abstraction Layer• Fog Service Orchestration Layer

• Foglet Software Agent• Distributed Database• Policy-Based Service Orchestration

Components in Fog architecture

Heterogeneous Physical Resources: Heterogeneous in nature, ranging from high-speed links connecting enterprise data centers and the core to multiple wireless access technologies towards the edge.3G/4G, LTE, WiFi etc.

Fog Abstraction Layer:A uniform and programmable interface for seamless resource man-agement and control.The layer provides generic APIs for monitoring, provisioning and con-trolling physical resources such as CPU, memory, network and en-ergy.

Fog Service Orchestration Layer:Provides dynamic, policy-based life-cycle management of Fog ser-vices.Managing services on a large volume of Fog nodes with a wide range of capabilities is achieved with the following technology and compo-nents:• Foglet Software Agent,• Distributed Database, persistent storage to store policies and re-

source meta-data,• Policy-Based Service Orchestration, provides policy-based service

routing, i.e., routes an incoming service request to the appropriate service instance that confirms to the relevant business policies.

Policy based orchestration framework of fog technology

APPLICATIONS OF FOG

• Tech giants Cisco and IBM are the driving forces behind fog com-puting, and link their concept to the emerging Internet of Things (IoT).

• Fog has a direct correlation with IoT.• According to CISCO, the important areas where fog would play a

vital role are the following :

Connected carsFog computing is ideal for Connected Vehicles (CV) because real-time interactions will make communications between cars, access points and traffic lights as safe and efficient as possible.At some point in time, the connected car will start saving lives by re-ducing automobile accidents.Fog computing will be the best option for all internet connected vehi-cles because fog computing gives real time interaction.

Connected Vehicles communicating each other

Smart gridsFog computing allows fast, machine-to-machine (M2M) handshakes and human to machine interactions (HMI), which would work in co-operation with the cloud.Based on demand for energy, its obtainability and low cost, these smart devices can switch to other energies like solar and winds. The edge process the data collected by fog collectors and generate con-trol command to the actuators. The filtered data are consumed lo-cally and the balance to the higher tiers for visualization, real-time reports and transactional analytics. Fog supports semi-permanent storage at the highest tier and momentary storage at the lowest tier.

Decentralized Smart Building ControlWireless sensors are installed to measure temperature, humidity, or levels of various gaseous components in the building atmosphere.Information can be exchanged among all sensors in the floor and the reading can be combined to form reliable measurements.Using distributed decision making the fog devices react to data.The system gears up to work together to lower the temperature, in-put fresh air and output moisture from the air or increase humidity.

Health Care

Fog computing would be able to obtain sensor data on all levels, and integrate all the mutually independent network entities within.

The cloud computing market for healthcare is expected to reach $5.4 billion by 2017, according to a Markets and Markets report, and fog computing would allow this on a more localized level.

Smart Cities

CONCLUSION• We have analyzed Fog Computing and its real time applications.• Fog computing has the ability to handle the data tsunami created

by Internet of Things. • The characteristics of fog computing like mobility, proximity to

end-users, low latency, location awareness, heterogeneity and due to its real-time applications fog computing platform is considered as the appropriate platform for Internet of Things.

• By using the concepts of fog computing, if the same device can be used for these kind of processing, data generated can be put to immediate use and deliver a much better user experience.

REFERENCES1. CISCO Technology Radar Trends Report:

https://techradar.cisco.com/pdf/ciscotechnology-radar.pdf

2. Feds Look to Fight Leaks With ‘Fog of Disinformation’: http://www.wired.com/2012/07/fog-computing/

3. What Comes After the Cloud? How About the Fog? : http://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/computing/networks/what-comes-after thecloud-how-about-the-fog

4. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308: FOG COMPUTING: A NEW CONCEPT TO MINIMIZE THE ATTACKS AND TO PROVIDE SECURITY IN CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT BY Sonali Khairnar and Dhanashree Borkar