FISH

HOLT CH. 30

PG. 726-738

CHARACTERISTICS OF FISH

ENDOSKELETON

CHARACTERISTICS OF FISH

ENDOSKELETON

GILLS

CHARACTERISTICS OF FISH

ENDOSKELETON

GILLS

CLOSED-LOOP CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

CHARACTERISTICS OF FISH

ENDOSKELETON

GILLS

CLOSED-LOOP CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

KIDNEYS

MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach

MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach

FINS AND SWIM BLADDER

MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach

FINS AND SWIM BLADDERFins increase stability (turn, dive, climb

rapidly)

MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach

FINS AND SWIM BLADDERFins increase stability (turn, dive, climb

rapidly)Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in

water-gas sac

MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach

FINS AND SWIM BLADDERFins increase stability (turn, dive, climb

rapidly)Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in

water-gas sacSENSORY ORGANS

NOSTRILS-lead to OLFACTORY lobe

MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach

FINS AND SWIM BLADDER Fins increase stability (turn, dive, climb rapidly) Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in water-gas

sac

SENSORY ORGANS NOSTRILS-lead to OLFACTORY lobe EYES-lead to OPTIC lobe

MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach

FINS AND SWIM BLADDER Fins increase stability (turn, dive, climb rapidly) Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in water-gas

sac SENSORY ORGANS

NOSTRILS-lead to OLFACTORY lobe EYES-lead to OPTIC lobe TASTE-tongue, skin

MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach

FINS AND SWIM BLADDER Fins increase stability (turn, dive, climb rapidly) Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in water-gas

sac SENSORY ORGANS

NOSTRILS-lead to OLFACTORY lobe EYES-lead to OPTIC lobe TASTE-tongue, skin EARS-AUDITORY nerve

MOVEMENT/RESPONSE

ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach

FINS AND SWIM BLADDER Fins increase stability (turn, dive, climb rapidly) Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in water-gas

sac SENSORY ORGANS

NOSTRILS-lead to OLFACTORY lobe EYES-lead to OPTIC lobe TASTE-tongue, skin EARS-AUDITORY nerve LATERAL LINE-senses vibrations in water

RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION

Get oxygen from water (GILLS)

RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION

Get oxygen from water (GILLS)OPERCULUM-gill cover

RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION

Get oxygen from water (GILLS)OPERCULUM-gill cover

COUNTERCURRENT FLOW-

RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION

Get oxygen from water (GILLS)OPERCULUM-gill cover

COUNTERCURRENT FLOW-Water passes over gills in one direction,

blood flows opposite direction (85% of dissolved O2 passes over gills)

RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION

Get oxygen from water (GILLS)OPERCULUM-gill cover

COUNTERCURRENT FLOW-Water passes over gills in one direction,

blood flows opposite direction (85% of dissolved O2 passes over gills)

SINGLE LOOP BLOOD CIRCULATION

RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION

Get oxygen from water (GILLS)OPERCULUM-gill cover

COUNTERCURRENT FLOW-Water passes over gills in one direction,

blood flows opposite direction (85% of dissolved O2 passes over gills)

SINGLE LOOP BLOOD CIRCULATIONBlood->gills->heart (atrium then ventricle)-

>pumped body->gills

EXCRETION

Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)

EXCRETION

Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)

SALT/WATER BALANCE-

EXCRETION

Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)

SALT/WATER BALANCE-Sea water 3X salt of fish tissue

EXCRETION

Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)

SALT/WATER BALANCE-Sea water 3X salt of fish tissueExcess salt pumped out through gills

EXCRETION

Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)

SALT/WATER BALANCE-Sea water 3X salt of fish tissueExcess salt pumped out through gillsFRESH water fish have more salt in

TISSUES than water-take in salt from environment

EXCRETION

Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)

SALT/WATER BALANCE-Sea water 3X salt of fish tissueExcess salt pumped out through gillsFRESH water fish have more salt in

TISSUES than water-take in salt from environment

Few fish can live in fresh AND salt water

EXCRETION

Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)

SALT/WATER BALANCE-Sea water 3X salt of fish tissueExcess salt pumped out through gillsFRESH water fish have more salt in

TISSUES than water-take in salt from environment

Few fish can live in fresh AND salt waterKIDNEYS-

EXCRETION

Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)

SALT/WATER BALANCE- Sea water 3X salt of fish tissue Excess salt pumped out through gills FRESH water fish have more salt in TISSUES than

water-take in salt from environment Few fish can live in fresh AND salt water

KIDNEYS- Maintain salt and water balance

EXCRETION

Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water) SALT/WATER BALANCE-

Sea water 3X salt of fish tissue Excess salt pumped out through gills FRESH water fish have more salt in TISSUES than water-

take in salt from environment Few fish can live in fresh AND salt water

KIDNEYS- Maintain salt and water balance Removes wastes from blood Excess water leave in form of urine

REPRODUCTION

Most reproduce sexually and externally *SPAWNING*

REPRODUCTION

Most reproduce sexually and externally *SPAWNING*

Usually spawn in large groups (schools)

REPRODUCTION

Most reproduce sexually and externally *SPAWNING*

Usually spawn in large groups (schools)INTERNAL fertilization in skates, sharks,

and rays.

REPRODUCTION

Most reproduce sexually and externally *SPAWNING*

Usually spawn in large groups (schools)INTERNAL fertilization in skates, sharks,

and rays.CLASPERS-male organ used to grasp

female

REPRODUCTION

Most reproduce sexually and externally *SPAWNING*

Usually spawn in large groups (schools)INTERNAL fertilization in skates, sharks,

and rays.CLASPERS-male organ used to grasp

femaleEggs develop inside, born live

GROUPS OF FISH

3 main groups

GROUPS OF FISH

3 main groupsJawless fish

GROUPS OF FISH

3 main groupsJawless fishCartilagenous fish

GROUPS OF FISH

3 main groupsJawless fishCartilagenous fishBony fish

GROUPS OF FISH

3 main groupsJawless fishCartilagenous fishBony fish

JAWLESS (AGNATHA)Skeletons of CARTILAGE

GROUPS OF FISH

3 main groupsJawless fishCartilagenous fishBony fish

JAWLESS (AGNATHA)Skeletons of CARTILAGEKeep NOTOCHORD into adulthood (no

spinal cord/spine)

GROUPS OF FISH

3 main groups Jawless fish Cartilagenous fish Bony fish

JAWLESS (AGNATHA) Skeletons of CARTILAGE Keep NOTOCHORD into adulthood (no spinal

cord/spine) HAGFISH-scavengers/predators- deep in ocean,

create slime/tie into knots

GROUPS OF FISH

3 main groups Jawless fish Cartilagenous fish Bony fish

JAWLESS (AGNATHA) Skeletons of CARTILAGE Keep NOTOCHORD into adulthood (no spinal

cord/spine) HAGFISH-scavengers/predators- deep in ocean,

create slime/tie into knots LAMPREY-parasites, suction mouth

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGINOUS FISH

NURSE SHARK(notice gill slits)

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGINOUS FISHpaired fins and jaws

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGINOUS FISHpaired fins and jawsSkeletons of CARTILAGE

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGINOUS FISHpaired fins and jawsSkeletons of CARTILAGECartilage strengthened by calcium

carbonate

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGINOUS FISHpaired fins and jawsSkeletons of CARTILAGECartilage strengthened by calcium

carbonateSHARKS-

STREAMLINED-move through water fast

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGINOUS FISHpaired fins and jawsSkeletons of CARTILAGECartilage strengthened by calcium

carbonateSHARKS-

STREAMLINED-move through water fastTRIANGLE shaped scales (PLACOID SCALES)

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGINOUS FISHpaired fins and jawsSkeletons of CARTILAGECartilage strengthened by calcium

carbonateSHARKS-

STREAMLINED-move through water fastTRIANGLE shaped scales (PLACOID SCALES)TEETH are modified scales (6-10 ROWS,

20,000 in life time)

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGINOUS FISH paired fins and jaws Skeletons of CARTILAGE Cartilage strengthened by calcium carbonate SHARKS-

STREAMLINED-move through water fast TRIANGLE shaped scales (PLACOID SCALES) TEETH are modified scales (6-10 ROWS, 20,000 in life

time) Largest sharks (whale shark) eat PLANKTON, most

others are predators

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:SKATES/RAYS

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:SKATES/RAYS

Flat bodies

DIAMOND STINGRAY

BIG SKATE

MANTA RAY

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:SKATES/RAYS

Flat bodiesLife on sea floor

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:SKATES/RAYS

Flat bodiesLife on sea floorGiant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller)

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:SKATES/RAYS

Flat bodiesLife on sea floorGiant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller)Some discharge electrical charge

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:SKATES/RAYS

Flat bodiesLife on sea floorGiant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller)Some discharge electrical charge

BONY FISH

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:SKATES/RAYS

Flat bodiesLife on sea floorGiant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller)Some discharge electrical charge

BONY FISH24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if

cartilage and jawless COMBINED)

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS

Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge

BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and

jawless COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS

Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge

BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and

jawless COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates Bone endoskeleton

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS

Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge

BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and

jawless COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates Bone endoskeleton

RAY-FINNED FISH

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS

Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge

BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and

jawless COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates Bone endoskeleton

RAY-FINNED FISH Fins supported by ‘rays’ (TELEOSTS

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS

Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge

BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and jawless

COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates Bone endoskeleton

RAY-FINNED FISH Fins supported by ‘rays’ (TELEOSTS 96% of fish

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS

Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge

BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and jawless

COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates Bone endoskeleton

RAY-FINNED FISH Fins supported by ‘rays’ (TELEOSTS 96% of fish

LOBE-FINNED FISH COELOCANTH (PG. 738)

COELACANTH

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS

Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge

BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and jawless

COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates Bone endoskeleton

RAY-FINNED FISH Fins supported by ‘rays’ (TELEOSTS 96% of fish

LOBE-FINNED FISH COELOCANTH (PG. 738) Fleshy fins

GROUPS OF FISH

CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS

Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge

BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and jawless COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates Bone endoskeleton

RAY-FINNED FISH Fins supported by ‘rays’ (TELEOSTS 96% of fish

LOBE-FINNED FISH COELOCANTH (PG. 738) Fleshy fins Direct ancestors of amphibians and land vertebrates

LUNG FISH

LUNGFISH

LUNGFISH