S. P

eter

Lud

wig

Pr

inci

pal

New

Yor

k C

ity

EL

EC

TR

ON

IC L

AB

NO

TE

BO

OK

S -

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AD

Y F

OR

PR

IME

TIM

E??

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WH

Y A

RE

LA

B N

OT

EB

OO

KS

IMPO

RT

AN

T IN

RE

SEA

RC

H?

EV

IDE

NC

E O

F IN

VE

NT

OR

SHIP

: C

ON

CE

PTIO

N A

ND

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DU

CT

ON

T

O P

RA

CT

ICE

2

REF

RES

HER

ON

INVE

NTI

ON

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ON

CEP

TIO

N”

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PAR

T)

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OM

PLET

E PE

RFO

RM

AN

CE

OF

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MEN

TAL

PAR

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F TH

E IN

VEN

TIVE

AC

T…..”

Col

eman

v. D

ines

754

F.2

d 35

3, 3

59

(Fed

Cir.

198

5)

“TH

E C

ON

CEI

VED

INVE

NTI

ON

MU

ST IN

CLU

DE

EVER

Y FE

ATU

RE

OF

THE

SUB

JEC

T M

ATTE

R C

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ED IN

TH

E PA

TEN

T.”

Se

wel

l [v.

Wal

ters

], 21

F.3

d [4

11,]

415

[(Fed

. Cir.

199

4)]

3

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EN 1

23

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SSIC

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PER

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OTE

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OPE

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SEC

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VELY

NU

MB

ERED

PA

GES

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NU

OU

S R

ECO

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itnes

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ESER

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Bou

nd B

ook

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per l

asts

for c

entu

ries

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OM

PLET

E •

Ever

ythi

ng in

one

pac

kage

– n

arra

tive,

cor

robo

ratio

n, d

ates

•

REL

IAB

LE

•te

chni

ques

for a

uthe

ntic

atin

g: i

nk &

pap

er d

atin

g

7

AD

VAN

TAG

ES/D

RAW

BA

CK

S

PAPE

R N

OTE

BO

OK

S VS

ELE

CTR

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IC N

OTE

BO

OK

S

PAPE

R N

OTE

BO

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MIT

ED C

APA

CIT

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UG

E D

ATA

DU

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IN M

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CH

•

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DAT

A FO

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9

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G

2)H

AR

D T

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RO

VE A

UTH

ENTI

CIT

Y O

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GN

ATU

RES

3)C

OM

PUTE

RS

UN

REL

IAB

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PO

WER

LO

SS; S

YSTE

M C

RA

SH;

HA

CK

ING

; UN

CO

NTR

OLL

ED A

CC

ESS

11

ELEC

TRO

NIC

LA

B N

OTE

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OK

S A

DVA

NTA

GES

/DIS

AD

VAN

TAG

ES

QU

ESTI

ON

: H

AS

TEC

HN

OLO

GY

OVE

RC

OM

E TH

ESE

DR

AWB

AC

KS?

12

BY

THE

WAY

!

AR

E EL

ECTR

ON

IC R

ECO

RD

S

AD

MIS

SIB

LE

IN P

ATEN

T IN

TER

FER

ENC

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AD

MIS

SIB

ILIT

Y O

F EL

N

USP

TO C

OM

MIS

SIO

NER

S N

OTI

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MA

RC

H 1

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998:

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RSU

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37

CFR

§ 1

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CTR

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IC R

ECO

RD

S A

RE

AD

MIS

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TER

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AR

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TEN

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DM

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TH

E FE

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AL

RU

LES

OF

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GH

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EN A

NY

PAR

TIC

ULA

R R

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RD

NEC

ESSA

RIL

Y M

UST

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DET

ERM

INED

ON

A C

ASE

BY

CA

SE B

ASI

S”

13

USP

TO

“[

T]he

Fed

eral

Rul

es o

f evi

denc

e sh

all a

pply

to

Inte

rfer

ence

Pro

ceed

ings

”

14

AD

MIS

SIB

ILIT

Y O

F EL

N

A

DM

ISSI

BIL

ITY

OF

A W

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APE

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USP

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ND

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UR

TS

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OVE

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ED B

Y FE

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AL

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LES

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ENC

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UR

E

1)A

UTH

ENTI

CAT

ION

/IDEN

TIFI

CAT

ION

2)A

DM

ISSI

ON

UN

DER

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CIF

IC R

ULE

IN F

RE

OR

UN

DER

AN

EXC

EPTI

ON

AU

THEN

TIC

ATIO

N A

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AD

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SIB

ILIT

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RR

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OR

ATIO

N

REC

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DS

OF

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CTI

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ALL

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NO

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H B

Y TH

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LVES

, SEE

A

ND

ERSO

N V

. PIE

PER

, 442

F.2

d 98

2, 9

83-9

84 C

CPA

197

1)

“Not

eboo

k re

cord

s or

repo

rts

of p

erso

ns n

ot te

stify

ing

can

not b

e re

gard

ed

as p

roof

of t

he e

xper

imen

tal w

ork

reco

rded

ther

ein.

”

AD

MIS

SIB

ILIT

Y O

F EL

N

LE

GA

L FO

UN

DAT

ION

FO

R A

UTH

ENTI

CAT

ING

EL

ECTR

ON

IC D

OC

UM

ENTS

R

ULE

901

FED

ERA

L R

ULE

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AU

THEN

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N O

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UIR

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F A

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ENTI

CAT

ION

IS “

…SA

TISF

IED

BY

EVID

ENC

E SU

FFIC

IEN

T TO

SU

PPO

RT

A FI

ND

ING

TH

AT T

HE

MAT

TER

IN Q

UES

TIO

N IS

WH

AT IT

S PR

OPO

NEN

T C

LAIM

S.”

15

AD

MIS

SIB

ILIT

Y O

F EL

N

A

UTH

ENTI

CAT

ING

ELE

CTR

ON

IC

EVID

ENC

E R

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IRES

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OR

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S FO

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ION

TH

AT C

AN

BE

HA

RD

TO

PR

OVE

IN

RE

VIN

VIN

NH

EE, D

EBTO

R, A

MER

ICA

N

EXPR

ESS

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EL R

ELAT

ED S

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C

OM

PAN

Y IN

C. V

. VIN

VIN

HEE

336

B.R

. 437

(B

.A.P

. 9TH

CIR

200

5)

•IL

LUST

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OF

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UTH

ENTI

CAT

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/AD

MIS

SIO

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F EL

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IC

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16

AD

MIS

SIB

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B

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J. IM

WIN

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D IN

“EV

IDEN

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(§4.

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GG

ESTE

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S:

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TER

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BU

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ESS

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TER

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SA

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5.B

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TER

IN G

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TATE

OF

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18

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MIS

SIB

ILIT

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F EL

N

AS

TO F

OU

RTH

TES

T, V

INH

EE C

OU

RT

SAID

, “

THE

BU

ILT-

IN S

AFE

GU

AR

DS

TO E

NSU

RE

AC

CU

RA

CY

AN

D ID

ENTI

FY E

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TEM

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TH

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ATA

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SE ,

CO

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, REC

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, BA

CK

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RE

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NTI

NU

ING

INTE

GR

ITY

OF

THE

REC

OR

DS.

”

20

AD

MIS

SIB

ILIT

Y O

F EL

N

“…

.Foc

us

is

not

on

circ

umst

ance

s of

cr

eatio

n of

th

e re

cord

, bu

t ra

ther

on

ci

rcum

stan

ces

of t

he p

rese

rvat

ion

of t

he

reco

rd d

urin

g th

e tim

e it

is in

the

file

so

as

to

assu

re

that

th

e do

cum

ent

bein

g pr

offe

rred

is th

e sa

me

as th

e do

cum

ent t

hat

orig

inal

ly w

as c

reat

ed.”

“

…En

titie

s po

licie

s an

d pr

oced

ures

for

use

of t

he e

quip

men

t, da

taba

se a

nd p

rogr

ams

are

impo

rtan

t. H

ow a

cces

s to

the

per

tinen

t pr

ogra

m i

s co

ntro

lled

and,

sep

arat

ely,

how

ac

cess

to

the

spec

ific

prog

ram

is c

onro

lled

are

impo

rtan

t que

stio

ns.”

21

VIN

HEE

LOR

RA

INE

V. M

AR

KLE

AM

. IN

S, 2

007

WL

1300

739

(D

. MD

MAY

4, 2

007)

GR

IMM

, J.

•80

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GE

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DM

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BIL

ITY

22

LOR

RA

INE

V. M

AR

KLE

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IT IS

CR

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AL

TO T

HE

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O A

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IT IN

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OST

RIG

OR

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AT M

AY B

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PPLI

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23

SO, W

HAT

’S T

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POIN

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24

NEE

D T

O B

E A

BLE

TO

PR

OVE

TH

AT T

HE

ELEC

TRO

NIC

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B N

OTE

BO

OK

IS W

HAT

IT

PU

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BE!

! H

OW

INFO

RM

ATIO

N W

AS

GAT

HER

ED,

PRO

DU

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, PR

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R M

AN

Y YE

AR

S EX

AM

PLES

: •

X-R

AY F

ILM

S

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MR

’S

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ASS

SPE

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RA

PHS

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ECTR

ON

IC IN

VOIC

ES

26

THR

ESH

OLD

QU

ESTI

ON

FO

R T

RIE

R

OF

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IS E

LN E

VID

ENC

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DM

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?

IS E

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ELEV

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T?

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UTH

ENTI

C?

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ELIA

BLE

?

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OT

HEA

RSA

Y?, O

R

•W

ITH

IN A

N E

XCEP

TIO

N T

O

HEA

RSA

Y R

ULE

?

27

LEG

AL

FOU

ND

ATIO

N F

OR

AD

MIS

SIO

N

•IF

EVI

DEN

CE

IS A

DM

ITED

, HO

W

MU

CH

WEI

GH

T W

ILL

IT B

E EN

TITL

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O?

•

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AN

CO

NSI

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ALL

FA

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INC

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ING

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ITER

IA

FOR

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MIS

SIB

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POR

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EST

AB

LISH

W

ITN

ESSE

S A

ND

EVI

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AR

E R

ELIA

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AN

D T

RU

STW

OR

THY

28

ON

CE

ELN

IS A

DM

ITTE

D, N

EED

TO

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ESS

“C

RED

IBIL

TY”

HO

W T

O E

STA

BLI

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UTH

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ERED

? PA

PER

NO

TEB

OO

K -

EST

AB

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TEST

IMO

NY

OF

CR

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ELN

- ES

TAB

LISH

BY

TEST

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N

THAT

REC

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G P

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RED

IS

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OF

ELEC

TRO

NIC

ALL

Y ST

OR

ED

INFO

RM

ATIO

N; D

ETA

ILS

OF

CO

MPU

TER

SYS

TEM

, SO

FTW

AR

E, A

CC

ESS,

ETC

.

29

LEG

AL

FOU

ND

ATIO

N F

OR

AD

MIS

SIO

N

FAC

T IS

SUES

TO

BE

RES

OLV

ED B

Y TR

IER

OF

FAC

T

WIT

H R

ESPE

CT

TO E

LN R

ECO

RD

BEI

NG

OFF

ERED

SY

NTH

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OF

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INK

ELR

IED

FA

CTO

RS:

•

WH

O C

REA

TED

IT?

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HAT

’S B

EIN

G O

FFER

ED?

•W

HY

WA

S IT

CR

EATE

D?

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HO

WIT

NES

SED

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•H

OW

WA

S IT

MA

DE?

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HEN

WA

S IT

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OW

WA

S IT

KEP

T?

•H

AS

IT B

EEN

REV

ISED

? (H

OW

CA

N I

TELL

?)

30

NYC

LE C

RED

IT C

OD

E 80

5

31

PRO

BLE

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ITH

AU

THEN

TIC

ATIO

N A

ND

REL

IAB

ILIT

Y

OF

ELN

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OR

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N

EED

TO

PR

OVE

REC

OR

D IS

WH

AT IT

PU

RPO

RTS

TO

B

E A

ND

HA

SN’T

BEE

N M

OD

IFIE

D:

•H

AVE

TO A

UTH

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CAT

E IN

FOR

MAT

ION

AN

D C

OM

PUTE

R, P

RO

CES

S

USE

D T

O E

NTE

R, M

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TAIN

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D R

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IEVE

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MPU

TER

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D P

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IN O

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L FO

RM

HO

W T

O D

O T

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N E

LEC

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NIC

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32

ELEC

TRO

NIC

LA

BO

RAT

ORY

NO

TEB

OO

KS

M

ICH

AEL

H. E

LLIO

T (P

RES

IDEN

T AT

RIU

M R

ESEA

RC

H IN

C.)

THE

RU

LES

HAV

E C

HA

NG

ED, S

CIE

NTI

FIC

CO

MPU

TIN

G; M

AY 2

007

“The

use

of e

lect

roni

c la

bora

tory

not

eboo

k (E

LN) t

echn

olog

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s ris

en s

harp

ly

in th

e pa

st fo

ur y

ears

, hav

ing

now

pen

etra

ted

over

20

perc

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f all

biop

harm

aceu

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com

pani

es.”

FN1

“ELN

tech

nolo

gy h

as n

ot o

nly

lead

to in

crea

ses

in la

bora

tory

effi

cien

cy…

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al

so to

enh

ance

d pr

otec

tion

of in

telle

ctua

l pro

perty

(IP

).”

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er 7

0 pe

rcen

t of c

ompa

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who

hav

e im

plem

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d an

ELN

, stil

l cre

ate

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tout

s an

d ap

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“wet

” sig

natu

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of th

e au

thor

and

witn

ess,

or w

hat

is k

now

n as

the

“hyb

rid m

odel

.”

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See

200

6 E

lect

roni

c N

oteb

ook

Sur

vey;

Atri

um R

esea

rch

Con

sulti

ng, W

ilton

, CO

NN

.

33

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ORY

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KS

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006

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26

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S IF

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IS A

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WH

O IS

TH

E A

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OF

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DO

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INK

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NAT

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F A

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D W

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34

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AS

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PUB

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36

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m

THA

NK

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