fetch result store next fundamental concepts2014/06/16 · reset fetch instruction decode execute...
TRANSCRIPT
Fund
amen
tal C
once
pts
Proc
esso
r (CP
U):
the
activ
e pa
rt o
f the
com
pute
r, w
hich
doe
s all
the
wor
k (d
ata
man
ipul
atio
n an
d de
cisio
n-m
akin
g).
Data
path
: por
tion
of th
e pr
oces
sor w
hich
con
tain
s ha
rdw
are
nece
ssar
y to
per
form
all
oper
atio
ns
requ
ired
by th
e co
mpu
ter (
the
braw
n).
Cont
rol:
port
ion
of th
e pr
oces
sor (
also
in
hard
war
e) w
hich
tells
the
data
path
wha
t nee
ds to
be
don
e (t
he b
rain
).
Fund
amen
tal C
once
pts
(2)
Inst
ruct
ion
exec
utio
n cy
cle:
fetc
h, d
ecod
e,
exec
ute.
Fe
tch:
fetc
h ne
xt in
stru
ctio
n (u
sing
PC)
from
mem
ory
into
IR.
Deco
de: d
ecod
e th
e in
stru
ctio
n.
Exec
ute:
exe
cute
in
stru
ctio
n.
Inst
ruct
ion
Fetc
h
Inst
ruct
ion
Dec
ode
Ope
rand
Fe
tch
Exe
cute
Res
ult
Sto
re
Nex
t In
stru
ctio
n
Fund
amen
tal C
once
pts
(3)
Fetc
h: F
etch
nex
t ins
truc
tion
into
IR (I
nstr
uctio
n Re
gist
er).
Assu
me
each
wor
d is
4 by
tes a
nd e
ach
inst
ruct
ion
is st
ored
in a
wor
d, a
nd th
at th
e m
emor
y is
byte
ad
dres
sabl
e.
PC (P
rogr
am C
ount
er) c
onta
ins a
ddre
ss o
f nex
t in
stru
ctio
n.
IR
[[PC
]]
PC
[P
C] +
4
Sing
le B
us O
rgan
izatio
n
Dat
a lin
e
Add
ress
line
PC
MA
R
MD
R
Y
Inte
rnal
pr
oces
sor
bus
Mem
ory
bus
Z
MU
X
A
ALU
B
Con
stan
t 4
Sel
ect
Add
S
ub
XO
R
: A
LU
cont
rol
lines
C
arry
-in
IR
RO
R(n
1)
: :
TE
MP
Inst
ruct
ion
deco
der a
nd
cont
rol l
ogic
. . .
Con
trol s
igna
ls
Inst
ruct
ion
Exec
utio
n
An in
stru
ctio
n ca
n be
exe
cute
d by
per
form
ing
one
or m
ore
of th
e fo
llow
ing
oper
atio
ns in
som
e sp
ecifi
ed se
quen
ce:
Tran
sfer
a w
ord
of d
ata
from
one
regi
ster
to a
noth
er o
r to
the
ALU
(Arit
hmet
ic L
ogic
Uni
t).
Perf
orm
an
arith
met
ic o
r a lo
gic
oper
atio
n an
d st
ore
the
resu
lt in
a re
gist
er.
Fetc
h th
e co
nten
ts o
f a g
iven
mem
ory
loca
tion
and
load
them
into
a re
gist
er.
Stor
e a
wor
d of
dat
a fr
om a
regi
ster
into
a g
iven
m
emor
y lo
catio
n.
8
Rese
t
Initi
aliz
e M
achi
ne
Regi
ster
- to
-Reg
iste
r Br
anch
N
ot T
aken
Br
anch
Ta
ken
Inst
ruct
ion
Exec
utio
n Co
ntro
l Sta
te D
iagr
am (f
or e
ach
diag
ram
) Re
set
Fetc
h in
stru
ctio
n De
code
Ex
ecut
e In
stru
ctio
ns p
artit
ione
d
into
thre
e cl
asse
s Br
anch
Lo
ad/s
tore
Re
gist
er-to
-reg
ister
Di
ffere
nt s
eque
nce
thro
ugh
diag
ram
for
each
inst
ruct
ion
type
Co
ntro
ller m
anip
ulat
es th
e da
ta p
ath
to p
erfo
rm th
e in
stru
ctio
n
Init
Fetc
h In
str.
XEQ
In
str.
Load
/ St
ore
Bran
ch
Incr
. PC