FERTILITY RATEBy Crystol Caesar

Shaquille Elliot

TABLE OF CONTENTSDefinition of Fertility RateFactors influencing Fertility RateVideo Depicting FactorsMeasurement of Fertility

Rate(Aspects)Graph showing Total Fertility RateReplacement FertilityCase Study Of CanadaReferences

FERTILITY RATE

What is Fertility Rate?

DEFINITION OF FERTILITY RATE The total fertility rate is referred to as

the average number of children a woman is likely to have if she lives to the end of her child bearing age, based on current birth rates

FACTORS INFLUENCING FERTILITY RATE Status of Women Perception of

children as an impediment

Religion & Culture Cost of Living Advances in

Technology Families being more

career-minded Options given to

woman- Policy

VIDEO DEPICTING FACTORS OF FERTILITY

MEASUREMENTS OF ASPECTS OF FERTILITY RATE

General Fertility Rate (GFR) Age Specific Fertility Rate (ASFR) Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

GENERAL FERTILITY RATE (GFR) Number of live births per 1000 women

age 15-49 in a given year

Number of births/year * 1000 Number of women ages 15 to 49

AGE SPECIFIC FERTILITY RATE Number of births per year per 1000

women of a specific age (group)

Number of births to a woman age a *1000

Number of women age a

TOTAL FERTILITY RATE (TFR) The average number of children that

would be born to a woman by the time she ended childbearing if she were to pass through all her childbearing years conforming to the age-specific fertility rates of a given year

Number of women * 1000 Number of births

GRAPH SHOWING TOTAL FERTILITY RATE AND LEVELS OF EDUCATION

NET REPRODUCTION RATE (NRR) Average number of daughters that

would be born to a woman if she passed through her life-time from birth to the end of her reproductive years conforming to the age-specific fertility and mortality rates of a given year

REPLACEMENT FERTILITY Replacement fertility is the total fertility

rate at which women would have only enough children to replace themselves and their partner.

Replacement Level Fertility is said to have been reached when NRR=1.0

CASE STUDIES ( CANADA & AFRICA)LOW AND HIGH

Canada Africa

CASE STUDY (CANADA)

Canada can be considered as an MEDC which from past studies it can be seen that countries falling in this bracket tend to have a low fertility rate. In 2002 Canada recorded a fertility rate of 1.51. It however rose to 1.59 in 2006

CASE STUDY CONT’D Reasons for low fertility rate

Gender, work and childbearing Low participation by men in household with

childrenWork & childbearing

TFR fast declining as women’s employment rate was increasing (1960 to 1985)

Childbearing by marital status, employment status & family structure Competition with other life goals e.g. careers Achievement of ideal family size

REFERENCES Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of

Public Health: Data Sources and Crude Indicators of Fertility

Google images Case Study (Canada) : Low fertility rate

in Canada – rbeaujot@uwo.ca Geography : An Integrated Approach,

David Waugh