FEM4113 SEM 2 2018-19

FEM 4113 Career Counselling Model

Prof. Dr. Mansor Abu Talib

v Thetraditionalcareercounselingmodelemphasizesone-on-onecounselinginatherapeuticrelationshipinvolvingsignificantpsychologicalcontent.v Ittypicallyusesassessmentinstruments,suchaspersonalityandcareerinterestinventories,designedforaprofessionaltoadministerandinterpret.v Thecounselortypicallyusestheinformationgainedfromtheassessmentinstruments,individualsessions,andfromstandardcareerplanningresourcestohelpparticipantsmakemoreappropriatecareerdecisions.

FEM4113 SEM 2 2018-19

CareerCounselingModel

Aformalrelationshipinwhichaprofessionalcounselorassistsaclientorgroupofclientstocopemoreeffectivelywithcareerconcernsthrough

FEM4113 SEM 2 2018-19

establishingrapport.

assessingclient

concerns.

establishinggoals.

interveningineffectiveways.

evaluatingclient

progress.

CareerCounseling

Careercounselingisaninterpersonalprocessdesignedtoassist

individualswithcareerdevelopmentproblems.

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DefinitionofCareerCounseling(BrownandBrooks)

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Becomeawa re of ne edto make career

decisions

1

Identifyoccupationalalterna tives

3

Obtaininformation

about ide ntif iedalterna tives

4Ma ke

tentativechoic es from

among a vaila bleoccupations

5

Ma keeduc ational

choic es

6

Impleme nta voca tional

choic e

7Le arn

about and/orre eva luate

self

2

(w ebsites,databases,

print materials,software)

Resources

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Careerdevelopment

model

CareerAwareness

CareerExploration

CareerSpecificTraining/Education

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Careerawareness

Inordertomakesounddecisions

peoplemustknowtheirchoices.

Theyalsoneedtobeawareoftheirinterests,theirvalues,andtheir

strengthsandweaknesses.

Followingawareness,peoplemustbeginlearningthe

detailsaboutcareerclustersinordertodeterminewhichareasarecompatiblewiththeirpersonality,interests,values,lifestylewishes,

learningstyles,temperaments,abilities/

skillsandaptitudes.

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CareerExploration

Haveagoodideaofwhatcareersareavailable,whichareasare

compatiblewithwhotheyareandwhattypeoffuturewillmakethem

happy.

Thisisthestepwherestudentsprepareforspecificcareersorcareerclustersandvalidatesmasteryofworkplaceskills.

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CareerSpecificTraining/Education

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AmirAwang(1983)3factorsofstudents’difficultyinchoosingacareerpath

Indecisiveastheyareinterestedinavarietyoffields,

anunclearinterestorlackof

interestaltogether.

Unabletoseeorvisualizetheirpersonality,

interest,valuesandpotential.

Lackofinformationofthecareerworldandeducation.

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Modeloftretandfactor

c.Matchingbetween(a)

and(b)

b.Analyzejobneedsor

descriptions–asmuch

informationaspossible

a.Identifyindividualtraits-

objectively

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Purpose;Lock(1992)

IncreaseinSelf-Awareness

Developingalternatives

CollectingInformation

Examinetherecentandfutureenvironment

Self-evaluation DecisionMaking

ActionImplementation

ReceivingFeedback

IncreaseinSelf-Awareness

Developingalternatives

CollectingInformation

Examinetherecentandfutureenvironment

Self-evaluation DecisionMaking

ActionImplementation

ReceivingFeedback

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CareerCounselingProcess(Yost&Corbishley)

Initialassessment

Self-understanding

Makingsenseofself-understandingdata

Generatingalternatives

Obtainingoccupationalinformation

Makingthechoice

Makingplans

Implementingplans

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Bergland(1974);Kinneir&Krumboltz(1984)

1

Defineissuesandproblems

2

Creatingalternatives

3

Collectandprocessingvarious

information

4

Makingevaluationsofself

5

Examinepossibilitiesand

identifying

6

Initiatingactionplan

7

EvaluatingActionPlan

• Gettingtoknowyourself

Personality,value,interests,achievements

• DevelopaGoal

Actionplan

• Motivation

Lecture,Courses,Workshops

• BasicSkillsNote-taking,Time-management,StressManagement

• Continuousskill-learningInterviews,resumewriting

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Intergratedcareercounselingmodel(Modelkaunselingkerjayabersepadu;Sidek,2003)

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Processofcareerguidance

Establishrelationshipwithclients

Personalassessmentrelatingtocareer–interview,tests,

inventories,feedback

Exploreoccupations–written,AV,job

shadowing,IT

Integrateinformationandchoose

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Careercounsellingprocess

Relationshipwithclient

Personalcounselling

Assessmentregardingcognitiveclarityand

motivation

Careercounselling

1.  Gettingstarted

2.  Helpingclientsdealwithchange

3.  Helpingclientsengageinself-assessmentactivities

4.  Helpingclientslearnmoreabouttheworldofwork

5.  Helpingclientsexpandornarrowchoices

6.  Helpingclientsmakeplans

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AFrameworkforCareerCounseling

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PhasesoftheCareerCounselingProcess(Gysbers,Heppner,&Johnston)

Openingphase

Phaseofinformation-gathering

Workingphase

Finalphase

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PhasesoftheCareerCounselingProcess(Niles&Harris-Bowlsbey)

BeginningorInitialPhase

Establisheffectiverelationship

Begintogatherinformationabouttheclient

Definepreliminarygoalsforcounseling

MiddleorWorkingPhase

Exploreconcernsandgoalsindepth

Developandimplementaspecificplanofaction

EndingorTerminationPhase

Connecttheworkdoneinthebeginningandmiddlephasesbyassessingclient’scurrentstatus

Relatecurrentstatustoclient’sgoalsforcounseling

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ExpandingtheLimitedViewofCareerCounseling

Step1•  Clientpresentsforcareercounseling

Step2•  Counselorgathersclientinformationandadministersatestbattery.

Step3• Counselorinterpretstestsandidentifiesafewappropriateoccupationaloptionsfortheclient.

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TypesofClientsWhoBenefitfromSubjectiveInterventions

Indecisiveclients

“Difficultcases”orclientswhohave

receivedbutnotprofitedfromcounseling

Groupcounseling

Modeofservicedeliverythatcanbeusedinsteadof,orinadditionto,individualcounseling

HansenandCramerdescribegroupcounselingasaninterventionfor5-15members,with5-8membersviewedasoptimal.

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CareerCounseling:Groups

Structuredcareercounselinggroupsaddressaspecificissuethatisa

commonconcern

Structuredcareercounselinggroupstypicallymeetfor

3-7sessions

Lessstructuredcareercounselinggroupsfocusontheintrapersonalandinterpersonalconcernsthatclientshaveaboutcareerdevelopment

Lessstructuredcareercounselinggroupstendtobemoreaffective-orientedthan

structuredgroups.

Lessstructuredgroupsmeetoveralongerperiodof

timethanstructuredgroups.

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StagesinGroupCareerCounseling(Pyle)

Openingstage

Decision/Operational

stage

Workingstage

Investigationstage

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WhyUseCareerGroups?(Kivlighan)

Memberslearnnew

informationabout

themselvesandothers.

Memberscanshareresources

andideas.

Memberslearnfrompeerswhoareinsimilarsituations.

Membersreceivesocialandemotionalsupportfromothergroupmembers.

Members...

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CriteriaforSuccessfulGroups

areinopencommunicationwitheachother.

shareacommongoal.

setnormsthatdirectandguidetheiractivities

developasetofrolestoplay

withinthegroup

developanetworkofinterpersonal

attraction.

worktowardsatisfactionofindividualneeds

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Othermodels

BehaviouralCounseling

Model

ComprehensineCareer

CounselingModel

CareerDevelopment

Model

DecisionMakingModel

CONCLUSION

Allmodelsaimatassistingindividualincareerdecisionmaking

Allmodelsinvolveprocessandcontainelementimportantintheprocess

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Thank you

FEM4113 SEM 2 2018-19